Situation of Physical Development 4-5 Years old Preschoolers in Hanoi City, Vietnam

In the education system, preschool is the first level of education that lays the foundation for physical, intellectual, emotional, and aesthetic development, and orients the formation of children\u27s personalities; at the same time promoting the learning and development process in the next stages. Recognizing this importance, the Party and State have constantly paid attention to investing in facilities and quality for this level of education. However, the height growth rate of Vietnamese people is still slower than in other countries in the world and the region. Therefore, in addition to proper nutrition, preschools across the country need to develop many methods that have a profound impact on cognition to improve children\u27s physical health. In this study, the author will focus on assessing the status of physical education at 4-5 years old preschool in Hanoi City, Vietnam. On that basis, specific goals are discussed for the research subjects, to contribute to improving the physical health of 4-5-year-old preschool in the coming time in Hanoi city

Assessment of Experimental Results Application of the Physical Exercise System with Instruments for Kids Kindly 4-5 Years Old in Hanoi City, Vietnam

One of the outstanding results of the preschool education sector in Hanoi in the 2016-2020 period is a comprehensive improvement in school size, class, and quality of child care and education, meeting parents\u27 need to send their children, and at the same time mobilize more and more children of school age. However, physical education for preschool children still faces many difficulties and limitations; especially ancillary works, equipment for children\u27s physical training and sports activities is still lacking and have not met the set requirements. Within the framework of this article, the author evaluates the experimental results of the application of a system of physical exercises for preschool children 4-5 years old in Hanoi City, Vietnam. On that basis, specific goals are discussed for the research subjects, to contribute to improving the physical health of 4-5-year-old preschool in the coming time in Hanoi city

Physical Exercise System Structure with Tools for Preschool Children 4-5 Years old Hanoi City

Structure of physical exercise system with equipment for preschool children 4-5 years old Hanoi City: The structure of the physical exercise system with equipment for 4-year-old preschool children in Hanoi City, of 8 groups with 35 exercises with equipment for the age of 4 is (1) Group of movement exercises; (2) Group of stretching exercises; (3) Group of exercises that stimulate height growth; (4) Group of orientation exercises; (5) Group of exercises for upper limb development; (6) Group of exercises for lower limb development; (7) Group of skillful development exercises; (8) Group of mixed exercises. Structure of physical exercise system with equipment for 5-year-old preschool children in Hanoi City, including 35 exercises of 8 groups oriented to physical development of 5-year-old children: (1) Group of movement exercises; (2) Group of stretching exercises; (3) Group of exercises that stimulate height growth; (4) Group of orientation exercises; (5) Group of exercises for upper limb development; (6) Group of exercises for lower limb development; (7) Group of skillful development exercises; (8) Group of mixed exercises

OPTIMIZATIONOFENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS PROCESS FROM SHRIMP BY-PRODUCT FOR SHRIMP SAUCE PRODUCTION

Shrimp by-product from shrimp processing industry adapted to food safety was hydrolyzed by alcalase and flavourzyme and optimized by response surface methodology. Shrimp by- product was grounded and treated with fixed alcalase 0.2% (4.8AU/kg protein) andflavourzyme loadings (0.1-0.4%), pH (6.0-9.0), temperature (45-650C) and hydrolysis time (5-13h) in order to improve hydrolysis process in shrimp sauce production. At optimal conditions of pH of 7.5, temperature of 590C,flavourzymeloadings of 0.4% (100LAPU/g protein), alcalaseof 0.2%, and hydrolysis time of 8.2h, hydrolysis degree was 36.76% compared to control sample (hydrolysis by HCl 6N at 1000C for 24h). Shrimp hydrolysis solution was mixed with 25% of NaCl before fermentation. After 10 days of fermentation, shrimp sauce had total nitrogen of 13.2g/l, amino nitrogen of 9.625 g/l, NH3 of 2.13g/l. These properties and sensory quality were equivalent to control sample(2.5 months of fermentation by traditional process).

인간 유래 ChaC 단백질의 glutathione 대사에서 구조밎 기능이 대한 연구

학위논문(박사)--서울대학교 대학원 :약학대학 약학과,2020. 2. Byung Woo Han.Glutathione (GSH) degradation plays an essential role not only in the GSH homeostasis but also in housekeeping functions, which regulate cell survival especially in cancer cells. Among human GSH degradation enzymes, cytosolic ChaC1 and ChaC2 enzymes act on GSH to form 5-L-oxoproline and Cys-Gly specifically in cytosol and share 60% sequence similarities. Here, I report the crystal structures of ChaC2 in two different conformations and compare structural features with other known γ-glutamylcyclotransferase enzymes. The unique domain-swapped loop of ChaC2 seems to function as a gate to achieve specificity for GSH binding and regulate the constant GSH degradation rate. Intensive structural and biochemical analyses of ChaC2 revealed that Glu74 and Glu83 play crucial roles in directing the assembly of the swapping dimer and in modulating the enzyme activity. Based on the docking study of GSH to ChaC2 and binding assay, I propose a substrate binding mode and catalytic mechanism. I also found that overexpression of ChaC2, but not ChaC2 E74Q or ChaC2 E83Q, significantly promoted breast cancer cell line proliferation, suggesting that the GSH degradation role of ChaC protein plays a role in breast cancer cell growth. My structural and functional analyses of ChaC2 will contribute to the development of modulators in the ChaC family, which could effectively regulate the progression of GSH degradation-related diseases and cancers.Glutathione(GSH)의 분해는 GSH의 항상성을 유지할 뿐만 아니라, 암 세포에서 세포 생존에 중요한 역할을 한다고 알려져 있다. 특히 GSH 분해를 담당하는 효소들 중 ChaC1과 ChaC2는 공통적으로 GSH를 분해하여 5-L-oxoproline 과 Cys-Gly 펩타이드를 만드는 역할을 하는데, 서로의 아미노산 서열은 60% 정도 유사하다고 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 ChaC2의 각각 다른 두 가지 형태의 결정 구조를 밝혔고, 이 구조들을 기존에 알려져 있던 다른 γ-glutamylcyclotransferase 계열의 효소들과 비교하였다. ChaC2 결정 구조에서 발견되는 domain-교환 loop은 GSH와의 결합 특이성을 부여하는 부분으로, GSH 분해 속도를 조절하는 데 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 보인다. 여러 생화학적인 실험 결과와 단백질 구조 분석을 통하여 Glu74와 Glu83이 이합체의 형성과 단백질 활성의 조절에 중요한 역할을 한다는 것을 알 수 있었고, GSH와 ChaC2 사이의 docking 연구와 결합 실험을 통해 GSH와 ChaC2의 사이의 결합 방식과 ChaC2의 반응 메커니즘을 제시하였다. 뿐만 아니라, ChaC2의 과발현이 E74Q와 E83Q 변이 단백질들에 비해 유방암 세포의 생존을 증가시키는 실험 결과를 토대로 ChaC2에 의한 GSH의 분해가 유방암의 발달에 특정 역할을 할 것이라 제시할 수 있었다. 결과적으로, ChaC2의 구조와 기능에 대한 본 연구는 ChaC 계열 단백질들을 조절할 수 있는 분자의 개발에 기여하고, 더 나아가 GSH 분해와 관련된 질병과 암을 효율적으로 조절할 수 있는 치료의 기반을 제공한다.Abstract i Table of Contents ii List of Tables iv List of Figures v Abbreviations vi I. Introduction １ 1. Study Background １ 2. Purpose of Research ６ II. Materials and methods ８ 1. Bioinformatics analysis ８ 2. Cloning and protein production ８ 2.1. Cloning and protein production of ChaC2 ８ 2.2. Cloning and protein production of ChaC1 10 3. Mutagenesis 13 4. Crystallization 13 4.1. Crystallization of ChaC2 13 4.2. Crystallization of ChaC1 15 5. X-ray diffraction data collection, structure determination 18 6. Preparation of ChaC2-overexpressing cells 20 7. GSH degradation activity of ChaC enzymes by LC-MS 21 8. GSH assays 22 9. Viability assay (MTT assay) 22 10. Colony-forming assay 23 11. Immunoblotting 23 12. Docking study 23 13. Surface plasmon resonance experiment 23 14. Statistical analysis 24 15. Accession numbers 23 III. Results 25 1. ChaC2 structure was determined through rational Met 25 2. The overall structure of ChaC2 adopts the GGCT fold 31 3. Domain-swapping structure of the ChaC2 homodimer. 33 4. Single mutations of E74Q and E83Q induced conformational 36 5. Structural comparison of human ChaC2 and other GGCT 47 6. Purified ChaC proteins have GGCT activity in vitro 51 7. ChaC2 E74Q and ChaC2 E83Q mutation significantly reduced 53 8. ChaC2 overexpression promotes cell proliferation in MCF-7 55 IV. Discussion 58 1. Role of domain-swapped ChaC2 homodimer conformation 58 2. Proposed mechanism of substrate recognition and GSH... 61 3. Correlation of ChaC2, GSH degradation, and breast cancer 68 Reference 70 Abstract in Korean 73 Acknowledgements 74Docto

Evaluation of Resuscitation Cardiopulmonary Training for the New Nurse

This study aimed to define effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation training for new nurses. Nurses who respond to emergency situations are required to have the sensitivity and professional skills to respond effectively. Thus, improving resuscitation knowledge and technique for nurses is critical in order to enhance the quality and safety of patient care. This study used a pretest and posttest research design with convenience sampling; the sample consisted of 30 nurses who worked at the study hospital. As a result, new nurses’ knowledge improved from 7% to 73% after training. The psychomotor development of skills after the cardiopulmonary resuscitation training improved to 57% from 43%. It is recommended that knowledge and practice skills be maintained by training to ensure ongoing competency

Case Study Methods for Teaching Business and Economics Students

Nowadays more and more universities consider to use The case method in improving teaching method in business subjects. Case studies will prove learners and students with basic knowledge and background, for instance, about business situations, then it applies theories to a real situation/event with clear and understandable examples. From various fields such as medical, education to business, marketing and political science, case studies are used to apply global values to local companies. Therefore, it not only help learners to analyze case context but also help them to present many solutions then choose optimal solution

Serological and molecular surveillance of Orientia tsutsugamushi in scrub typhus patients and coinfection of Huaiyangshan banyangvirus

학위논문 (박사) -- 서울대학교 대학원 : 의과대학 의과학과, 2020. 8. 조남혁.1. Introduction: Scrub typhus is a mite-borne infectious disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. Huaiyangshan banyangvirus (formerly Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV)) is a tick-borne virus that can cause hemorrhagic fever. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is emerging in Eastern Asia, including China, South Korea, and Japan, which are endemic region of scrub typhus. As the two infections overlap epidemiologically and clinically, knowledge on the local prevalence of the vector-borne infections is critical in target-oriented investigation and treatment.2. Methods: To investigate the genotypic diversity of O. tsutsugamushi and potential coinfection with SFTSV in South Korea and Myanmar, 2,328 sera collected from patients with acute febrile illness in South Korea from 2000 to 2003 and 152 sera obtained from suspected patients with scrub typhus in Myanmar during 2018 were examined. I performed serological and molecular diagnosis of scrub typhus and SFTS. Phylogenetic analysis of both pathogens were also performed by sequencing of the amplified genes from O. tsutsugamushi and SFTSV.3. Results: Among 2,328 samples from Korean patients, serological analysis detecting specific IgG against SFTSV NP antigen identified 37 positive samples (1.6%). Molecular detection of SFTSV NP gene and O. tsutsugamushi tsa56 gene by PCR using the 37 specimens revealed 9 positive for SFTSV and 14 positive for O. tsutsugamushi, respectively. Sequencing of 14 Orientia-specific PCR products showed the presence of 3 genotypes, including Boryong (1/37, 2.7%), Karp (8/37, 21.6%) and Gilliam (4/37, 10.8%) genotypes. In addition, 4 specimens were positive for both SFTSV NP gene and O. tsutsugamushi tsa56 gene, indicating coinfections. Among 152 Myanmar samples, 9 samples (5.9%) were positive for O. tsutsugamushi tsa56 gene and sequencing of the PCR products revealed the presence of 5 genotypes, Karp A (4/9, 44,4%), Karp B (1/9, 11.1%), Kato B (2/9, 22.2%), Gilliam (1/9, 11.1%) and JG_C (1/9, 11.1%). 5 samples were positive for SFTSV NP gene-specific PCR (5/152, 3.28%). These 5 SFTSV NP gene positive samples were all negative for O. tsutsugamushi tsa56 gene, but 3 of them carried high titers (≥1:2,560) of IgG or IgM or both antibodies specific to O. tsutsugamushi, as measured by indirect immunofluorescence assay. 4. Conclusion: In this study, serological and molecular surveillance of sera collected from suspected scrub typhus patients in South Korea and Myanmar revealed serological prevalence and genotypic heterogeneity of O. tsutsutsugamushi. Moreover, potential coinfection of O. tsutsugamushi and SFTSV was identified by serological and molecular surveillance. These results suggest that SFTSV infections might have been spread more widely in Eastern Asia. Therefore, continuous surveillance of SFTS patients needs to be conducted in the local area. In addition, more reliable differential diagnosis techniques and prevention and control measures are required for better clinical practices and outcomes in the endemic regions of multiple tick-borne and mite-borne pathogens.INTRODUCTION 7 MATERIALS AND METHODS 16 RESULTS 23 DISCUSSION 54 REFERENCES 63 ABSTRACT IN KOREAN 73Docto

Legal System Reform and Challenges on Assurance of Human Rights Standards in Vietnam

Since the Doi Moi (Vietnam’s economic reform) in 1986 to date, Vietnam has continuously made efforts to reform its legal system to better adapt with requirements to develop in different historical periods. Vietnam considers ensuring fundamental human rights as one of the cross-cutting goals in national development policies and strategies. It is undeniable that the outcomes of legal system reform had a positive impact on all aspects of life and on the assurance of human rights and citizen’s rights in particular. However, due to the effects of e international integration and 4.0 industrial revolution the emergence of new-generation trade agreements (FTAs), the current legal system in Vietnam has revealed certain limitations that need to be improved in order to better guarantee fundamental rights. With the objective to bring about the general picture of legal reform on human rights in the recent years in Vietnam, this article will focus on introducing the legal system and its impact on the assurance of human rights standards and highlighting the priorities that need to be revised