Economic Policy in EMU: Community Framework and National Strategies – focus on Greece

The objective of this paper is to analyse key aspects of economic policy in EMU taking into account the basic components of the Community framework, namely (i) the internal market, (ii) common fiscal rules and provisions for economic policy co-ordination, and (iii) the single monetary policy. The paper argues that EMU provides a framework favourable to economic activity provided EMU advantages are fully exploited and disadvantages minimized. An optimal use of available policy instruments is necessary by individual member states in order to take advantage of the framework of stability provided by EMU and take an active role in the European and international division of labour.Community Framework, EMU, Member States national policies.

Expression of ARs in triple negative breast cancer tumors: a potential prognostic factor?

Background/aim: In light of the controversial published literature, this study aims to examine the potential prognostic role of AR immunohistochemical expression in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Patients and methods: Ninety patients with TNBC were included in this study; the associations between AR expression (Allred score), clinicopathological variables (stage, grade, histological subtype, tumor size, nodal status, age at diagnosis, Ki67 expression, and p53 expression), and overall survival were evaluated. Results: AR expression was not associated with stage, grade, histological subtype, tumor size, nodal status, age at diagnosis, Ki67 expression, and p53 expression. AR immunopositivity was not associated with overall survival either at the univariate or at the multivariate Cox regression analysis (multivariate hazard ratio =0.66, 95% confidence interval: 0.26–1.70, P=0.393). Conclusion: AR expression does not seem to play a prognostic role in TNBC. © 2015 Giannos et al