Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the climatic space of Oman (grey dots) using 12 BIOCLIM variables.

<p>Dashed lines delimit the climatic clusters that group 10% of the explained variance by PC1 and PC2. Green dots represent the climatic space of protected areas.</p

Number of species displayed in a cumulative way.

<p>Dots represent the years with species descriptions. Dashed lines divide the graph into intervals of 20 years. The last dot includes the species in the process of being described.</p

Physical map of Oman.

<p>Map of Oman showing topographical relief and names of the most relevant toponyms mentioned in this study.</p

Maps of species richness.

<p>(A) Species richness by governorate; (B) species richness by grids of 10 arc-minutes of latitude and longitude.</p

Map of Oman indicating the sampling effort.

<p>Grids of 10 arc-minutes (~18km) with observations (red dot). Empty grid cells are either due to no observation or no sampling.</p

Percentage of the species’ distribution area included within a protected area.

<p>Dashed lines indicate the conservation target of 17% and 12% of the total species’ distribution area within a protected area. (A) The extent of species occurrence was defined using the presence-absence in every pixel of 1 km x 1 km. (B) The extent of species occurrence was defined using a minimum convex polygon (MCP) of the observations filtered by the species’ average altitude.</p

Climate variability of Oman.

<p>(A) Map showing the distribution and extension of the 20 climatic clusters of Oman identified in this study that group 10% of the explained variance by PC1 and PC2; (B) Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the climatic space of Oman using 12 BIOCLIM variables and with the 20 climatic clusters that group 10% of the explained variance by PC1 and PC2 with the same colors as in the map. Clusters have been numbered from 1 to 20 with the following order: from left to right and from bottom to top.</p

Map of protected areas of Oman.

<p>Topographical map of Oman showing the distribution, limits and names of the 22 protected areas. Information provided by the Ministry of Environment and Climate Affairs of Oman.</p

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the climatic space of Oman (grey dots) using 12 BIOCLIM variables.

<p>Dashed lines delimit the climatic clusters that group 10% of the explained variance by PC1 and PC2. Red dots represent the distribution of the 5,359 observations in the PCA of the climatic space.</p

Maps of endemicity.

<p>(A) Endemic species richness by governorate; (B) Endemic species richness by grids of 10 arc-minutes of latitude and longitude.</p