8 research outputs found
Table_1_Wide-genome selection of lactic acid bacteria harboring genes that promote the elimination of antinutritional factors.xlsx
Anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) substances in plant products, such as indigestible non-starchy polysaccharides (α-galactooligosaccharides, α-GOS), phytate, tannins, and alkaloids can impede the absorption of many critical nutrients and cause major physiological disorders. To enhance silage quality and its tolerance threshold for humans as well as other animals, ANFs must be reduced. This study aims to identify and compare the bacterial species/strains that are potential use for industrial fermentation and ANFs reduction. A pan-genome study of 351 bacterial genomes was performed, and binary data was processed to quantify the number of genes involved in the removal of ANFs. Among four pan-genomes analysis, all 37 tested Bacillus subtilis genomes had one phytate degradation gene, while 91 out of 150 Enterobacteriacae genomes harbor at least one genes (maximum three). Although, no gene encoding phytase detected in genomes of Lactobacillus and Pediococcus species, they have genes involving indirectly in metabolism of phytate-derivatives to produce Myo-inositol, an important compound in animal cells physiology. In contrast, genes related to production of lectin, tannase and saponin degrading enzyme did not include in genomes of B. subtilis and Pediococcus species. Our findings suggest a combination of bacterial species and/or unique strains in fermentation, for examples, two Lactobacillus strains (DSM 21115 and ATCC 14869) with B. subtilis SRCM103689, would maximize the efficiency in reducing the ANFs concentration. In conclusion, this study provides insights into bacterial genomes analysis for maximizing nutritional value in plant-based food. Further investigations of gene numbers and repertories correlated to metabolism of different ANFs will help clarifying the efficiency of time consuming and food qualities.</p
Table_2_Wide-genome selection of lactic acid bacteria harboring genes that promote the elimination of antinutritional factors.xlsx
Anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) substances in plant products, such as indigestible non-starchy polysaccharides (α-galactooligosaccharides, α-GOS), phytate, tannins, and alkaloids can impede the absorption of many critical nutrients and cause major physiological disorders. To enhance silage quality and its tolerance threshold for humans as well as other animals, ANFs must be reduced. This study aims to identify and compare the bacterial species/strains that are potential use for industrial fermentation and ANFs reduction. A pan-genome study of 351 bacterial genomes was performed, and binary data was processed to quantify the number of genes involved in the removal of ANFs. Among four pan-genomes analysis, all 37 tested Bacillus subtilis genomes had one phytate degradation gene, while 91 out of 150 Enterobacteriacae genomes harbor at least one genes (maximum three). Although, no gene encoding phytase detected in genomes of Lactobacillus and Pediococcus species, they have genes involving indirectly in metabolism of phytate-derivatives to produce Myo-inositol, an important compound in animal cells physiology. In contrast, genes related to production of lectin, tannase and saponin degrading enzyme did not include in genomes of B. subtilis and Pediococcus species. Our findings suggest a combination of bacterial species and/or unique strains in fermentation, for examples, two Lactobacillus strains (DSM 21115 and ATCC 14869) with B. subtilis SRCM103689, would maximize the efficiency in reducing the ANFs concentration. In conclusion, this study provides insights into bacterial genomes analysis for maximizing nutritional value in plant-based food. Further investigations of gene numbers and repertories correlated to metabolism of different ANFs will help clarifying the efficiency of time consuming and food qualities.</p
Table_3_Wide-genome selection of lactic acid bacteria harboring genes that promote the elimination of antinutritional factors.xlsx
Anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) substances in plant products, such as indigestible non-starchy polysaccharides (α-galactooligosaccharides, α-GOS), phytate, tannins, and alkaloids can impede the absorption of many critical nutrients and cause major physiological disorders. To enhance silage quality and its tolerance threshold for humans as well as other animals, ANFs must be reduced. This study aims to identify and compare the bacterial species/strains that are potential use for industrial fermentation and ANFs reduction. A pan-genome study of 351 bacterial genomes was performed, and binary data was processed to quantify the number of genes involved in the removal of ANFs. Among four pan-genomes analysis, all 37 tested Bacillus subtilis genomes had one phytate degradation gene, while 91 out of 150 Enterobacteriacae genomes harbor at least one genes (maximum three). Although, no gene encoding phytase detected in genomes of Lactobacillus and Pediococcus species, they have genes involving indirectly in metabolism of phytate-derivatives to produce Myo-inositol, an important compound in animal cells physiology. In contrast, genes related to production of lectin, tannase and saponin degrading enzyme did not include in genomes of B. subtilis and Pediococcus species. Our findings suggest a combination of bacterial species and/or unique strains in fermentation, for examples, two Lactobacillus strains (DSM 21115 and ATCC 14869) with B. subtilis SRCM103689, would maximize the efficiency in reducing the ANFs concentration. In conclusion, this study provides insights into bacterial genomes analysis for maximizing nutritional value in plant-based food. Further investigations of gene numbers and repertories correlated to metabolism of different ANFs will help clarifying the efficiency of time consuming and food qualities.</p
Table_5_Wide-genome selection of lactic acid bacteria harboring genes that promote the elimination of antinutritional factors.xlsx
Anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) substances in plant products, such as indigestible non-starchy polysaccharides (α-galactooligosaccharides, α-GOS), phytate, tannins, and alkaloids can impede the absorption of many critical nutrients and cause major physiological disorders. To enhance silage quality and its tolerance threshold for humans as well as other animals, ANFs must be reduced. This study aims to identify and compare the bacterial species/strains that are potential use for industrial fermentation and ANFs reduction. A pan-genome study of 351 bacterial genomes was performed, and binary data was processed to quantify the number of genes involved in the removal of ANFs. Among four pan-genomes analysis, all 37 tested Bacillus subtilis genomes had one phytate degradation gene, while 91 out of 150 Enterobacteriacae genomes harbor at least one genes (maximum three). Although, no gene encoding phytase detected in genomes of Lactobacillus and Pediococcus species, they have genes involving indirectly in metabolism of phytate-derivatives to produce Myo-inositol, an important compound in animal cells physiology. In contrast, genes related to production of lectin, tannase and saponin degrading enzyme did not include in genomes of B. subtilis and Pediococcus species. Our findings suggest a combination of bacterial species and/or unique strains in fermentation, for examples, two Lactobacillus strains (DSM 21115 and ATCC 14869) with B. subtilis SRCM103689, would maximize the efficiency in reducing the ANFs concentration. In conclusion, this study provides insights into bacterial genomes analysis for maximizing nutritional value in plant-based food. Further investigations of gene numbers and repertories correlated to metabolism of different ANFs will help clarifying the efficiency of time consuming and food qualities.</p
Table_4_Wide-genome selection of lactic acid bacteria harboring genes that promote the elimination of antinutritional factors.xlsx
Anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) substances in plant products, such as indigestible non-starchy polysaccharides (α-galactooligosaccharides, α-GOS), phytate, tannins, and alkaloids can impede the absorption of many critical nutrients and cause major physiological disorders. To enhance silage quality and its tolerance threshold for humans as well as other animals, ANFs must be reduced. This study aims to identify and compare the bacterial species/strains that are potential use for industrial fermentation and ANFs reduction. A pan-genome study of 351 bacterial genomes was performed, and binary data was processed to quantify the number of genes involved in the removal of ANFs. Among four pan-genomes analysis, all 37 tested Bacillus subtilis genomes had one phytate degradation gene, while 91 out of 150 Enterobacteriacae genomes harbor at least one genes (maximum three). Although, no gene encoding phytase detected in genomes of Lactobacillus and Pediococcus species, they have genes involving indirectly in metabolism of phytate-derivatives to produce Myo-inositol, an important compound in animal cells physiology. In contrast, genes related to production of lectin, tannase and saponin degrading enzyme did not include in genomes of B. subtilis and Pediococcus species. Our findings suggest a combination of bacterial species and/or unique strains in fermentation, for examples, two Lactobacillus strains (DSM 21115 and ATCC 14869) with B. subtilis SRCM103689, would maximize the efficiency in reducing the ANFs concentration. In conclusion, this study provides insights into bacterial genomes analysis for maximizing nutritional value in plant-based food. Further investigations of gene numbers and repertories correlated to metabolism of different ANFs will help clarifying the efficiency of time consuming and food qualities.</p
Highly Efficient Red-Emitting Hybrid Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes via Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Based on Homogeneous Polymer Blends with the Same Polyfluorene Backbone
Highly efficient inverted-type red-emitting
hybrid polymeric light-emitting diodes (HyPLEDs) were successfully
demonstrated via Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and
interfacial engineering of metal oxide with a cationic conjugated
polyelectrolyte (CPE). Similarly structured green- and red-emissive
polyfluorene copolymers, F8BT and F8TBT, were homogeneously blended
as a FRET donor (host) and acceptor (dopant). A cationic polyfluorene-based
CPE was also used as an interfacial layer for optimizing the charge
injection/transport and improving the contact problem between the
hydrophilic ZnO and hydrophobic polymer layer. A long Förster
radius (<i>R</i><sub>0</sub> = 5.32 nm) and high FRET efficiency
(∼80%) was calculated due to the almost-perfect spectral overlap
between the emission of F8BT and the absorption of F8TBT. A HyPLED
containing 2 wt % F8TBT showed a pure red emission (λ<sub>max</sub> = 640 nm) with a CIE coordinate of (0.62, 0.38), a maximum
luminance of 26 400 cd/m<sup>2</sup> (at 12.8 V), a luminous
efficiency of 7.14 cd/A (at 12.8 V), and a power efficiency of 1.75
lm/W (at 12.8 V). Our FRET-based HyPLED realized the one of the highest
luminous efficiency values for pure red-emitting fluorescent polymeric
light-emitting diodes reported so far
A Planar Cyclopentadithiophene–Benzothiadiazole-Based Copolymer with sp<sup>2</sup>‑Hybridized Bis(alkylsulfanyl)methylene Substituents for Organic Thermoelectric Devices
A semicrystalline
p-type thermoelectric conjugated polymer based
on a polymer backbone of cyclopentadithiophene and benzothiadiazole,
polyÂ[(4,4′-(bisÂ(hexyldecylÂsulfanyl)Âmethylene)ÂcyclopentaÂ[2,1-<i>b</i>:3,4-<i>b</i>′]Âdithiophene)-<i>alt</i>-(benzoÂ[<i>c</i>]Â[1,2,5]Âthiadiazole)] (PCPDTSBT), is designed
and synthesized by replacing normal alkyl side-chains with bisÂ(alkylsulfanyl)Âmethylene
substituents. The sp<sup>2</sup>-hybridized olefinic bisÂ(alkylsulfanyl)Âmethylene
side-chains and the sulfur–sulfur (S–S) chalcogen interactions
extend a chain planarity with strong interchain packing, which is
confirmed by density functional calculations and morphological studies,
i.e., grazing incidence X-ray scattering measurement. The doping,
electrical, morphological, and thermoelectric characteristics of PCPDTSBT
are investigated by comparison with those of polyÂ[(4,4′-bisÂ(2-ethylhexyl)ÂcyclopentaÂ[2,1-<i>b</i>:3,4-<i>b</i>′]Âdithiophene)-<i>alt</i>-(benzoÂ[<i>c</i>]Â[1,2,5]Âthiadiazole)] (PCPDTBT) with ethylhexyl
side-chains. Upon doping with a Lewis acid, BÂ(C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub>, the maximum electrical conductivity (7.47 S cm<sup>–1</sup>) of PCPDTSBT is ∼1 order higher than that
(0.65 S cm<sup>–1</sup>) of PCPDTBT, and the best power factor
is measured to be 7.73 μW m<sup>–1</sup> K<sup>–2</sup> for PCPDTSBT with doping 9 mol % of BÂ(C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub>. The Seebeck coefficient–electrical conductivity
relation is analyzed by using a charge transport model for polymers,
suggesting that the doped PCPDTSBT film has superb charge transport
property based on a high crystallinity with olefinic side-chains.
This study emphasizes the importance of side-chain engineering by
using the sp<sup>2</sup>-hybridized olefinic substituents to modulate
interchain packing, crystalline morphology, and the resulting electrical
properties
Enhanced Photocurrent Generation by Förster Resonance Energy Transfer between Phospholipid-Assembled Conjugated Oligoelectrolytes and Nile Red
We show that Förster resonance energy transfer
(FRET) between
a conjugated oligoelectrolyte based on distyrylstilbene (DSSN+) and
Nile red can enhance photocurrent generation when the photoagents
are assembled vertically on gold electrodes. DSSN+ and Nile red intercalated
into phospholipid membranes of unilamellar vesicles were found to
form a useful FRET system because of the solvatochromic properties
of DSSN+, and the accompanying photophysical properties were suitable
for FRET with Nile red. As a result, a FRET efficiency of 93–94%
was achieved, as shown by steady-state and time-resolved spectra in
vesicle solutions. When Nile red was tethered in a self-assembled
monolayer of 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) on gold electrodes and
phospholipid-assembled DSSN+ was sequentially organized on the MUA
layer, the anodic photocurrent increased notably, reaching about 815
nA/cm<sup>2</sup> by virtue of FRET between the vertically aligned
dyes