Time series of joint torques.

<p>Typical examples of participant’s hip abduction/adduction torque (red, upper panel), and hip (red) and knee (blue) extension/flexion and ankle plantarflexion/dorsiflexion (black) torque (lower panel) in a choice-reaction sidestep, a non-weighted (NW) and guarding, and weighted (W) and penetrating trial. The vertical gray solid lines are defender’s initiation time (0 ms). The vertical dashed lines are choice-reaction signal illumination time in LED sidestep task and dribbler’s initiation time in 1-on-1 dribble task.</p

Comparison of Total power and high frequency (HF) power between the follicular and late luteal phases among the Control, PMS, and PMDD groups

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Altered autonomic nervous system activity as a potential etiological factor of premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder"</p><p>http://www.bpsmedicine.com/content/1/1/24</p><p>Biopsychosocial Medicine 2007;1():24-24.</p><p>Published online 20 Dec 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2253548.</p><p></p> Results are expressed as mean ± SE. for each group. p < 0.05 (follicular vs. luteal phases) [star] ; p < 0.05 (Control & PMS group vs. PMDD group) [yellow arrow]

Time series of the trunk and center of mass acceleration.

<p>Typical examples of participant’s mediolateral trunk (gray) and center of mass (CoM, black) accelerations (upper panel), and vertical mediolateral trunk and CoM accelerations (lower panel) in a choice-reaction sidestep, a non-weighted (NW) and guarding, and weighted (W) and penetrating trial. The vertical solid and dashed lines are defender’s (0 ms) and choice-reaction signal illumination or dribbler’s initiation times, respectively. Initiation phase is defined as the interval from 100 ms before the defender’s initiation to 100 ms after the initiation.</p

Scene selection.

<p>A) Experimental setup and schematic diagram of a basketball defender and dribbler. The objective of the dribbler was to get past the defender and invade the defended area behind the defender. According to the basketball rules, the dribbler was not permitted to cross the sideline and the defender was allowed to stop the dribbler from a head-on position only. (B) Time series of defender’s (red) and dribbler’s (black) mediolateral velocity and vertical ground reaction forces (Fz) of defender’s leading foot (blue) and trailing foot (pink) in a choice-reaction sidestep, a non-weighted (NW) and guarding, and weighted (W) and penetrating trial. The vertical solid and dashed lines are defender’s (0 ms) and choice-reaction signal illumination or dribbler’s initiation times, respectively. The horizontal dashed line for Fz is the criterion for determining non-weighted trials (120% body weight). Preparatory interval is defined as the 400 ms interval before the defender initiated his movement. (C) State transition diagrams with the probabilities of the preparatory GRF state on the outcome of 1-on-1 dribble. We confirmed the outcome probabilities of the non-weighted (NW) and weighted (W) trials. The thickness of arrows represents higher probabilities.</p

Examples of ECG R-R interval changes and the corresponding power spectra during the follicular and late luteal phase for subjects in the Control, PMS, and PMDD groups

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Altered autonomic nervous system activity as a potential etiological factor of premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder"</p><p>http://www.bpsmedicine.com/content/1/1/24</p><p>Biopsychosocial Medicine 2007;1():24-24.</p><p>Published online 20 Dec 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2253548.</p><p></p> LF: low frequency power (0.03–0.15 Hz); HF: high frequency power (0.15–0.5 Hz)

Number of trials at each vertical GRF threshold.

<p>Number of trials at each vertical ground reaction force (GRF) threshold shown in body weight (BW). There were 36 guarding trials and 37 penetrating trials. GRF state was categorized into non-weighted and weighted state based on each threshold. We selected the threshold of 1.2 BW as optimal in terms of the most biased tendency (confirmed by chi-squared test) and well-explained (i.e., non-weighted state tended to successful guard and vice versa).</p><p>Number of trials at each vertical GRF threshold.</p

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Edoxaban versus enoxaparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after total knee or hip arthroplasty: pooled analysis of coagulation biomarkers and primary efficacy and safety endpoints from two phase 3 trials

Median and range of plasma concentrations of coagulation biomarkers at various time points after total knee or total hip arthroplasty. (DOCX 14 kb

Development of an R4 dual-site (R4DS) gateway cloning system enabling the efficient simultaneous cloning of two desired sets of promoters and open reading frames in a binary vector for plant research

<div><p>Vast numbers of proteins work cooperatively to exert their functions in various cells. In order to understand the functions and molecular mechanisms of these proteins in plants, analyses of transgenic plants that concomitantly express two protein-coding genes are often required. We developed a novel Gateway cloning technology-compatible binary vector system, the R4 dual-site (R4DS) Gateway cloning system, which enables the easy and efficient cloning of two desired sets of promoters and open reading frames (ORFs) into a binary vector using promoter and ORF entry clones. In this system, C-terminal fusions with 17 kinds of tags including visible reporters and epitope tags are available for each ORF, and selection by four kinds of resistance markers is possible. We verified that the R4DS Gateway cloning system functioned well in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> by observing the expression and localization patterns of fluorescent proteins fused with organelle-targeting signals and driven by stomatal-lineage specific promoters. We also confirmed that the two cloning sites in the R4DS Gateway cloning system were equivalent and independently regulated. The results obtained indicate that the R4DS Gateway cloning system facilitates detailed comparisons of the expression patterns of two promoters as well as co-localization and interaction analyses of two proteins in specific cells in plants.</p></div

Line-up of R4DSB vectors (R4pGWB6xxx-MD8) and R4DD vectors (R4pDD6xx-MD8).

<p>(A) Structural diagrams of the four no tag-type R4DSB vectors: R4pGWB6401-MD8, R4pGWB6501-MD8, R4pGWB6601-MD8, and R4pGWB6701-MD8. Backbone and restriction sites were shown in R4pGWB6401-MD8. The only difference between these four vectors is the selection marker for plants. LB, left border; RB, right border; <i>sta</i>, the region conferring stability in <i>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</i>; <i>rep</i>, broad host range replication origin; <i>bom</i>, cis-acting element for conjugational transfer; <i>ori</i>, ColE1 replication origin; Pnos, nopaline synthase promoter; Tnos, nopaline synthase terminator. (B) Structural diagram of the no tag-type R4DD vector, R4pDD601-MD8. (C) Structural diagram of tag fusion-type R4DSB vectors (R4pGWB6xxx-MD8). These vectors have the same structure as the no tag-type vector R4pGWB6x01 represented in A, except for a tag downstream of <i>att</i>R2. (D) Structural diagram of tag fusion-type R4DD vectors (R4pDD6xx-MD8). These vectors have the same structure as no tag-type R4pDD601-MD8 represented in B, except for a tag downstream of <i>att</i>R2. (E) Tags carried in R4pGWB6xxx-MD8 and R4pDD6xx-MD8. Figures in A-D are not drawn to scale.</p

Illustration of ten R4pGWB64xx-MD8 constructs carrying Pro1:ORF1-tag1-Pro2:ORF2-tag2 and confirmation of structures by restriction digestion.

<p>(A) Structure of P_MUTE:ORF1-G3GFP-P_SDD1:ORF2-TagRFP constructed with R4pGWB6450-MD8 and R4pDD659-MD8 (binary clones 1–5). (B) Structure of P_MUTE:ORF1-TagRFP-P_SDD1:ORF2-G3GFP constructed with R4pGWB6459-MD8 and R4pDD650-MD8 (binary clones 6–9). (C) Structure of P_SDD1:Mt-TagRFP-P_MUTE:Mt-G3GFP constructed with R4pGWB6459-MD8 and R4pDD650-MD8 (binary clone 10). The positions of <i>Hin</i>dIII sites are indicated and the sizes of restriction fragments are shown in kilobase pairs (kbp). (D) Binary clones 1–10 were digested by <i>Hin</i>dIII and electrophoresed on 1.5% agarose gel. Lanes 1–10 show binary clones 1–10. Lane M shows the DNA ladder marker. The positions of 10, 5, 3, 2, 1, 0.5, and 0.1 kbp are indicated. P_MUTE, <i>MUTE</i> promoter; P_SDD1, <i>SDD1</i> promoter; Mt, mitochondria-targeting signal; PTS2, peroxisome-targeting signal type 2; Pt, plastid-targeting signal.</p