Psychophysical Training of Young People for Homeland Defence Using Means of Physical Culture and Sports

The research prominence lies in an increasing interest of the state in patriotic education and physical training of young people for homeland defenсe. There is an urgent today to reconstruct the ethnic model of patriotic education and its component, in particular military-and-patriotic education, identify the means of physical culture and sports (physical exercise; natural, artificial and hygienic factors) and justify their use under reforms in education following the needs and demands of the individual and the society in Ukraine. The research aims to theoretically justify and experimentally verify the effectiveness of military-and-patriotic education of young people using physical culture and sports based on ethnopedagogy, following neuropedagogical criteria of their psychophysical readiness for homeland defenсe. The authors of the research offer to introduce the specialized course on martial arts of Ukraine, which refers to the worldview and mindset of Ukrainians underlying the Ukrainian military (combat) culture, as well as strengthening and enhancement of neuropsychological properties and symptom complexes of character. The control group pupils (25) were taught based on the traditional system (they acquired and improved their knowledge, abilities and skills in preliminary military training). The experimental group pupils (25) purposefully studied the specialized course on the martial arts of Ukraine. Such methods as surveys, questionnaires, tests, interviews and observations were used to conduct neuropsychological diagnostics of young people’s readiness for homeland defenсe. In EG, the number of the respondents with a high level of psychophysical readiness for homeland defenсe has increased by 10.3%; the number of the respondents with an average level of psychophysical readiness for homeland defenсe has increased only by 2.2%; the number of the respondents with a low level of psychophysical readiness for homeland defenсe has decreased by 12.5%. Modern military-and-patriotic education of young people can be considered effective if the pedagogical model of military-and patriotic education using physical culture and sports and taking into account neuropsychological and neuropedagogical factors is integrated into the modern system of national education.</p

Development of Students’ Motor Qualities During Volleyball Training in the Process of Physical Education

Мета дослідження полягає у спробі систематизувати вправи загальної фізичної підготовки, що в комплексі слугуватимуть базою для навчання волейболу в процесі фізичного виховання. Даний комплекс можливо рекомендувати для студентів закладів вищої освіти у формі неформального та інформального навчання, що сприятиме вирішенню питання щодо зростаючих вимог до універсальної підготовки у волейболі Для досягнення поставленої мети використано такі методи дослідження: аналіз, узагальнення наукової літератури з питань сутності базових понять професійної термінології, систематизація вправ для розвитку окремих рухових якостей у процесі загальної фізичної підготовки.Volleyball today places high demands on players to develop their motor skills and functional capabilities. The game has many techniques of sudden movements, jumps, falls, and strokes. This requires comprehensive development of motor skills of students of higher education institutions. General physical preparation in volleyball training covers a wide range of exercises that develop motor qualities in such a ratio that is necessary in this sport, which aims at versatile physical development, strengthening health, correcting the posture, enhancing the body’s functional capabilities, expanding motor skills, development of motor skills (strength, speed, endurance, agility, flexibility), improving gameplay, competitive performance, stimulation of restorative processes in the body. Development of motor skills is closely interrelated and mutually conditioned. Development of one of them has a certain effect on the development of others. In this case, the impact can be positive, neutral and negative, for example, if more attention is paid to the development of strength, then flexibility and mobility in the joints are lost. Therefore, the issue of the most appropriate development of motor qualities is of great importance. Optimal development of motor qualities occurs with their complex application. Means of general physical training are all-round exercises aimed at motor skills development in the process of walking, running, jumping, throwing, as well as exercises on various projectiles, simulators, playing other sports. Periodically under the developmental exercises are allocated individual classes. The share of general developmental exercises in classes at different stages and periods of the educational process is different. Depending on their tasks, they can be included in the preparatory part of the session, the main and final. The purpose of the study is to make an attempt to systematize general physical training exercises that, in the complex, will serve as a base for volleyball training in the physical education process. This complex can be recommended for students of higher education institutions in the form of non-formal and informal education, which will help to solve the problem of increasing requirements for universal volleyball training To achieve this goal, the following research methods were used: analysis, generalization of scientific literature on the essence of basic concepts of professional terminology, systematization of exercises for the development of individual motor qualities in the process of general physical training

Nordic Walking as a Means of Reducing Excess Body Weight of Women in the Second Period of Mature Age in Conditions of Independent Classes

Вивчено вплив скандинавської ходьби на зниження надмірної маси тіла жінок 56–60 років. Визначено зміни рівня фізичного стану жінок, які займаються скандинавською ходьбою. Розроблено та експериментально перевірено методику зниження надмірної маси тіла жінок другого періоду зрілого віку в умовах самостійних занять. Мета роботи: обґрунтування та доведення ефективності експериментальної методики зниження надмірної маси тіла жінок другого періоду зрілого віку в умовах самостійних занять. Методологія. Методологічну основу дослідження становлять принципи теорії наукового пізнання, концептуальні положення психології, педагогіки, медицини, у яких вироблено найважливіші принципи аналізу соціально-психологічних та педагогічних явищ, теорія тренувального процесу. Наукова новизна. Гіпотеза дослідження полягає в тому, що поєднане застосування аеробних, силових, швидкісних, інтервальних вправ приведе до більш вираженої корекції форм тіла у жінок другого періоду зрілого віку в умовах самостійних занять. Висновки. У результаті аналізу літературних джерел було встановлено, що надмірна маса тіла є однією з основних проблем жінок сучасності. Нагальним завданням стає пошук засобів схуднення та запобігання подальшого набору маси тіла. В експериментальній групі була досягнута позитивна динаміка зменшення маси тіла, об’єму талії, підвищення рівня фізичного стану. У результаті дослідження встановлено, що поєднане застосування аеробних, силових, швидкісних, інтервальних вправ, які є складовими експериментальної методики, приводить до зниження маси тіла жінок другого періоду зрілого віку в умовах самостійних занять.The influence of Nordic walking on reducing excess body weight of 56–60 year old women is studied. Changes in the level of physical condition of women engaged in Nordic walking are determined. The methodology of reducing excess body weight of women of the second period of mature age in conditions of independent classes has been developed and experimentally tested. Purpose: to substantiate and prove the effectiveness of the experimental methodology of reducing excess body weight of women in the second period of mature age in conditions of independent classes. Methodology. Methodological basis of the study are the principles of the theory of scientific cognition, conceptual provisions of psychology, pedagogy, medicine, in which the most important principles of the analysis of socio-psychological and pedagogical phenomena have been developed, the theory of the training process. Scientific novelty. The hypothesis of the study is that combined application of aerobic, power, speed, interval exercises will lead to more vivid correction of body shape in women of the second period of mature age in conditions of independent classes. Conclusions. As a result of the analysis of literary sources, it has been found out that overweight is one of the main problems of modern women. An urgent task is to search for weight loss and prevent further weight gain. The experimental group achieved positive dynamics of weight loss, waist circumference, and increased physical condition. As a result of the study, it has been found out that combined application of aerobic, power, speed, interval exercises, which are components of the experimental methodology, leads to a decrease in the body weight of women in the second period of mature age in conditions of independent classes