Promene hemijskog sastava lista i stabla različitih sorti crvene deteline (Trifolium pratense L.) sa rastom i razvićem

The effect of growth stage on the changes of chemical composition of leaf and stem of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars Elena and K-22 and the red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) cultivars of K-27 and K-39 was investigated. The experimental design was two factorial experiment method 2 x 3 with three replications at the experimental field of Institute for forage crops, Kruševac - location Globoder. The highest protein content was detected in the red clover leaf (cv K-27), and lowest in the leaf of red clover (cv K-39). The leaf of red clover (cv K-27) contains the highest proportion of crude fiber in the early growth period. The results of these studies have confirmed the high nutritional value of foliage of red clover.Ispitivan je uticaj faze razvića na promene hemijskog sastava lista i stabla crvene deteline (Trifolium pratense L.) sorti K-27 i K-39. Ogled je postavljen po metodi dvofaktorijalnog ogleda 2 x 3 u tri ponavljanja na oglednom polju Instituta za krmno bilje, Kruševac – lokacija Globoder. Najveći sadržaj sirovih proteina je ustanovljen u listu crvene deteline (sorta K-27), a najmanji u stablu crvene deteline (sorta K-39). List crvene deteline (sorta K-27) sadrži veći udeo sirove celuloze u ranijim fazama razvića. Rezultati ovih istraživanja su potvrdili visoku hranljivu vrednost lisne mase crvene dateline

Primena gravitacionog stola u doradi semenske lucerke

Processing alfalfa seed from natural sources with admixture, grains of other species and various impurities are removed and clear grain of the basic culture is obtained. Grain of the basic culture is prepared for sowing machine and quality planting, germination and sprouting. Alfalfa seed loses during the processing depend on quantity and type of weed and other impurities of organic and inorganic origin present in the naturalized seed. In this paper is given the analyses of the efficiency during natural alfalfa seed processing of two different purities (B1, B2), processed on the same equipment that involves gravity table Oliver - 240. As the relevant parameters that define the effects of alfalfa seed were: clear grain (%), weed and other cultures seed (%), inert matter (%), quantity of processed seed (kg), time of seed processing (h), active (kWh) and reactive (kVArh) current consumption, processing output (%), and seed loses (%).Procesom dorade semenske lucerke iz naturalnog semena sa primesama uklanjaju se sva zrna stranih primesa i razne nečistoće i izdvaja čisto zrno osnovne kulture koje se priprema u što povoljnije stanje za sejalicu i kvalitetnu setvu, klijanje i nicanje. Gubici semena lucerke u procesu dorade zavise od vrste i količine korova i ostalih nečistoća, organskog i neorganskog porekla prisutnih u naturalnom semenu. U radu je data analiza efikasnosti pri doradi naturalnog semena lucerke dve različite čistoće (B1, B2) dorađene na istom sistemu mašina za doradu u okviru koga je korišćen gravitacioni sto Oliver - 240. Kao relevantni parametri koji definišu efekte dorade semena lucerke bili su: čisto seme (%), seme korova i seme drugih kultura (%), inertne materije (%), količina dorađenog semena (kg), vreme dorade semena (h), utrošak aktivne električne energije (kWh) i reaktivne električne energije (kVArh), randman dorade (%) i gubici semena (%)

UTICAJ NAČINA PRIMENE MINERALNIH ĐUBRIVA NA PRINOS KROMPIRA

This study showed the effect of different methods of application of mineral fertiliser rates on the yield of two potato cultivars grown under the agroenvironmental conditions of the Radočelo Mountain massif on a luvisol exhibiting rather favourable agrophysical and some what poorer agrochemical properties. In 2018 and 2019, a trial with potato cvs. ‘Arizona’ and ‘Esmee’ was established. Planned rates of mineral fertilisers (N200, P150, K150) were applied as two treatments: treatment 1 – fertiliser rates were ploughed in during autumn, and treatment 2 – one half of the planned rates was applied during seedbed preparation and the other half in-furrow at planting. The results showed that the treatment involving the application of one half of the fertiliser rate before planting, and the other half at planting resulted in higher total yields of both potato cultivars compared with the placement of the whole rate of fertilisers during deep ploughing in autumn.Publishe

Varijabilnost prinosa različitih sorti ozimog ječma

This paper presents the results of winter barley cultivars (Rekord, Grand, NS 565 and Nonijus). Varieties were grown in the experimental field of Agro-chemical school "Dr. Djordje Radic"-Kraljevo during two growing seasons. By examining the physical properties of grain, Nonijus was achieved the highest average yield in both growing seasons (4.140 t ha-1, 5.706 t ha-1). The significant difference in the significance between the impact of the year on grain quality in the examined barley varieties was significant for grain yield. The established differences in significance from the point of view of the genotype to the average values of grain yield were statistically not significant.U radu su prikazani rezultati ispitivanja ozimih sorti ječma (Rekord, Grand, NS 565 i Nonijus). Sorte su gajene na oglednom polju Poljoprivredno-hemijske škole „Dr Đorđe Radić“-Kraljevo, tokom dve vegetacione sezone. Ispitivanjem fizičkih osobina zrna, sorta Nonijus je ostvarila najveći prosečan prinos zrna u obe vegetacijske sezone (4,140 t ha-1; 5,706 t ha-1). Utvrđena razlika značajnosti između uticaja godine na kvalitet zrna kod ispitivanih sorti ječma, bila je značajna za prinos zrna. Ustanovljene razlike značajnosti sa stanovišta uticaja genotipa na prosečne vrednosti prinosa zrna statistički nisu bile signifikantne

Prinos sorti žutog zvezdana na zemljištu bazne reakcije

The aim of the study was to analyze the forage and seed yield of birdsfoot trefoil cultivars on the soil base reaction. The field trial was set 2014th in Čačak on soil type fluvisol (pHH2O 7.8). The experiment was set a randomized complete block design with three replications with a plot size of 6x1m. The birdsfoot trefoil cultivars K-37, Zora and Bull were planted at a row spacing of 12.5 cm and a seeding rate of 10 kg ha-1. Cultivars among themselves, did not differ significantly in terms of forage yield, hay yield and dry matter content. The average forage yield in the first cut in the second year of cultivation was 26.53 t ha-1. The forage yield in the first cut in the third year of cultivation was 26.56 t ha-1 and in the second cut 11.77 t ha-1. The average seed yield of cultivars in the second growth in the second year of cultivation was 472.3 kg ha-1. Birdsfoot trefoil cultivars among themselves, did not differ significantly in terms of seed yield components. However, Zora cultivar had significantly higher seed yield potential, compared to other cultivars. These results do not differ from results obtained under similar conditions on acid soil.Cilj istraživanja je bio da se analizira prinos krme i semena sorti žutog zvezdana na zemljištu bazne reakcije. Ogled je postavljen 2014. godine u Čačku na zemljištu tipa fluvisol (pHH2O 7,8). Poljski eksperiment je postavljen po potpuno slučajnom blok sistemu u tri ponavljanja, sa veličinom elementarne parcele 6x1m. Sorte žutog zvezdana K-37, zora i Bull su zasejane na rastojanju 12,5 cm međuredno, sa količinom semena 10 kg ha-1. Sorte se među sobom nisu značajno razlikovale u pogledu prinosa krme, prinosa sena i sadržaja suve materije. Prosečan prinos krme u prvom otkosu u drugoj godini proizvodnje je bio 26,53 t ha-1. Prinos krme u prvom otkosu u trećoj godini proizvodnje je bio 26,56 t ha-1, a u drugom otkosu 11,77 t ha-1. Prosečan prinos semena sorti u drugom porastu u drugoj godini gajenja je bio 472,3 kg ha-1. Sorte žutog zvezdana se među sobom nisu značajno razlikovale u pogledu komponenti prinosa semena. Međutim, sorta zora je imala značajno veći potencijalni prinos semena u odnosu na ostale sorte. Navedeni rezultati se ne razlikuju od rezultata dobijenih u sličnim uslovima na kiselom zemljišu

Утицај чистоће натуралног семена lуцерке на рандман дораде

To improve seed quality, harvested seed must be transported to processing facility. Harvested, naturalized alfalfa seed contains many different particles such as weed seed, seed of other raised plants ant inert matter. In the processing of small grained legumes, output is in direct dependence with percent of weed species and of quality of other particles in naturalized seed. High percent of purity of naturalized alfalfa seed is not always a guarantee for high processing output. It primary depends on species of present weed in naturalized seed. High purity seed with low percent of weed leads to high output. Weed usually makes processing more difficult and costly. In this study, was analyzed the effect of quantity of particles on utilization of alfalfa seed and two different kind of seed purity, that were processed on the same system of machine.У процесу дораде семена ситнозрних легуминоза висина рандмана семена директно зависи од заступљености коровских врста и осталих примеса у натуралном семену. Висок степен чистоће натуралног семена луцерке није увек гаранција и високог рандмана дораде, чак и при малом садржају корова, већ он првенствено зависи од врсте присутних корова у натуралном семену. Већи садржај штетних корова у натуралном семену луцерке са високом чистоћом смањује укупну количину дорађеног семена, отежава и поскупљује дораду. У раду је дата анализа утицаја садржаја примеса у натуралном семену луцерке, на искоришћење семена, односно добијену количину семена, при чему се дорада две различите чистоће семена обављала на истом систему машина за дораду

Energetska i proteinska vrednost kukuruza i sirka kao združenih useva sa sojom u postrnoj setvi

In this study, the energy and protein value of corn and sorghum were examined, as intercrops with soybeans in second croping. Both mixtures formed higher net energy value in milk and meat productionin the year when earlier sowing of crops was conducted. The greatest production of meat and milk on the basis of net energy in milk production and DCP provided the mixture of corn and soybeans. In the mixtures, increased production of meat and milk is possible based on the DCP, compared to the basis of net energy, which indicates a possibility of increasing of the corn or sorghum in the mixture. The mixtures showed that in double cropping, in conditions of irrigation, it ispossible to produce a significant amount of high-quality fodder.U ovim istraživanjima ispitivana je energetska i proteinska vrednost kukuruza i sirka kao združenih useva sa sojom u postrnoj setvi. Obe smeše su formirale veću neto energetsku vrednost u proizvodnji mesa i mleka u godini kada je obavljena ranija setva useva. Najveću produkciju mleka i mesa na bazi neto energije u proizvodnji mleka i mesa pruža smeša kukuruza i soje. U smešama veća proizvodnja mleka i mesa je moguća na bazi SSP nego na bazi neto energije, što ukazuje na mogućnost povećanja udela kukuruza ili sirka u smeši. Smeše su pokazale da je u postrnoj setvi u uslovima navodnjavanja moguće proizvesti značajnu količinu kvalitetne kabaste hrane

Hemijski sastav kukuruza i soje kao združenih useva u postrnoj setvi

In this study, the chemical composition of mixed crops of corn and soybeans in double cropping was investigated. Mixtures have uniform chemical composition in relation to the pure corn and soybeancrops. Mixtures of corn and soybean have resulted in higher content of protein, fat, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium compared to the pure corncrop. The quantity of nutrients in corn and soybean mixturemakes it a good forage for nutritionof ruminants.U ovim istraživanjima ispitivan je hemijski sastav kukuruza i soje i njihovih smeša u postrnoj setvi. Smeše imaju ujednačeniji hemijski sastav u odnosu na čist usev kukuruza i soje. Smeše kukuruza i soje su imale veći sadržaj proteina, masti, fosfora, kalcijima i magnezijuma u odnosu na čist usev kukuruza. Količine hranljivih materija u smešama kukuruza i soje predstavljaju dobru voluminoznu hranu za ishranu preživara

Effectiveness of the process of cleaning natural alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) seeds

This paper presents the results of the cleaning tests of three different natural alfalfa seed lots and three different red clover seed lots performed using seed processing machines. The alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and the red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) are two of the most important perennial forage legumes in the Republic of Serbia. Alfalfa and red clover seeds for sowing should be clean, i.e. free from weeds and foreign matter, and of high germination and genetic values. Such requirements can only be achieved by cleaning, i.e. removing all undesirable impurities and poor-quality seeds. The following parameters important for the seed cleaning process and equipment were observed: seed purity, contents of weed and other crop seeds, inert substance content, amounts of processed seeds (kg), seed loss and processing output. The results obtained facilitate (depending on the amount and type of weeds and other impurities found in the alfalfa and red clover seed lots considered) the proper adjustment of the seed processing equipment to obtain the largest possible quantity of quality seeds that are in compliance with the laws and regulations of Serbia

Kvantitativni i kvalitativni pokazatelji efikasnosti dorade semena lucerke

This paper represents analysis of the impact of initial purity of naturalized alfalfa seed on the resulting amount of processed seed in the process of processing. In the processing of was determined amount of processed seed and waste. When processing alfalfa seed is very important that the difference between the amount of pure seed that laboratory assessment and the actual amount obtained seed at the facility for processing is lower. One of the big problems in the processing alfalfa seed is that it is being worked out seeds with a certain percentage of weeds which are difficult to separate during processing, especially quarantine weed dodder and curly dock. By law the processed alfalfa seed is not allowed to attend any grain dodder. Were processed three parties of natural alfalfa seed variety purity. Also, after each stage of treatment, were determined losses seed.U radu je obavljena analiza uticaja početne čistoće naturalnog semena lucerke na dobijenu količinu dorađenog semena pri procesu dorade. U procesu dorade semena određivana je količina dorađenog semena i otpada. Pri doradi semena lucerke veoma je važno da razlika između količine čistog semena koja se laboratorijski proceni i stvarne količine dobijenog semena u pogonu za doradu bude što manja. Jedan od velikih problema pri doradi semena lucerke je taj da se dorađuje seme sa određenim procentom korova koji se veoma teško odvajaju pri doradi, naročito karantinski korovi kao što su vilina kosica i štavelj. Po zakonu u dorađenom semenu lucerke nije dozvoljeno prisustvo ni jednog zrna viline kosice. Dorađivane su tri partija naturalnog semena lucerke različite čistoće. Posle svake etape procesa dorade određivani su gubici semena