Rapid increases in obesity in Jamaica, compared to Nigeria and the United States-2

by time between measurements) by country, Nigeria, Jamaica, and the US for each of three BMI categories (BMI < 25, 25 = 30). Data were collected from 1995 to 1999 from Nigeria, Jamaica and the United States (US). Only participants with at least two weight determinations are depicted in this figure.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Rapid increases in obesity in Jamaica, compared to Nigeria and the United States"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/8/133</p><p>BMC Public Health 2008;8():133-133.</p><p>Published online 23 Apr 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2390537.</p><p></p

Rapid increases in obesity in Jamaica, compared to Nigeria and the United States-0

by time between measurements) by country, Nigeria, Jamaica, and the US for each of three BMI categories (BMI < 25, 25 = 30). Data were collected from 1995 to 1999 from Nigeria, Jamaica and the United States (US). Only participants with at least two weight determinations are depicted in this figure.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Rapid increases in obesity in Jamaica, compared to Nigeria and the United States"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/8/133</p><p>BMC Public Health 2008;8():133-133.</p><p>Published online 23 Apr 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2390537.</p><p></p

Rapid increases in obesity in Jamaica, compared to Nigeria and the United States-3

Ups in Illinois, United States. Data were collected between 1984 and 2006 for all adults 20–75 years of age, as part of the Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance System (BRFSS). ● Black Males, ▲ White Males, ■ Black Females, ◆ White Females. Estimated rate of weight change (standard errors) among these groups are: 0.47(0.05), 0.38 (0.01), 0.60(0.04), and 0.37 (0.02) for Black Males, White Males, Black Females and White Females, respectively.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Rapid increases in obesity in Jamaica, compared to Nigeria and the United States"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/8/133</p><p>BMC Public Health 2008;8():133-133.</p><p>Published online 23 Apr 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2390537.</p><p></p

Consent form.

IntroductionReversing malnutrition-induced impairment of cognition and emotional regulation is a critical global gap. We hypothesize that brain-targeted micronutrient supplemented nutritional rehabilitation in children with moderate acute malnutrition, followed by 2 years micronutrient supplementation will impact on the cognition and emotion regulation of these children.MethodsThe primary outcome of this prospective, randomized controlled trial is to study the development of executive functions (EFs) and emotion regulation (ER) in this cohort. Moderate acute malnourished (MAM; WLZ/WHZ -1SD), or for 3 months after enrollment (whichever is earlier). The randomized MAMs groups will be given either Small Quantity Lipid Based Nutrient Supplement (SQLNS) or Enhanced Small Quantity Lipid Based Nutrient Supplement (E-SQLNS), respectively until the end of the 2-year follow up period. Standard psychosocial stimulation will be provided to the MAMs intervention groups. Biological samples will be collected, anthropometric and neurocognitive assessments will be performed at 2 (22m-26m) and 3 (34m-38m) years of age. Two control groups will be recruited: 1), non-malnourished one-year (11m-13m) old children (WLZ/WHZ score>-1SD; n = 70); and 2) three—year (34m-38m) old children (n = 70) with untreated MAM (WHZ ™).</div

Flow chart of the study settings and participants.

Flow chart of the study settings and participants.</p

LEAP protocol (PR-21084) ERC approved.

IntroductionReversing malnutrition-induced impairment of cognition and emotional regulation is a critical global gap. We hypothesize that brain-targeted micronutrient supplemented nutritional rehabilitation in children with moderate acute malnutrition, followed by 2 years micronutrient supplementation will impact on the cognition and emotion regulation of these children.MethodsThe primary outcome of this prospective, randomized controlled trial is to study the development of executive functions (EFs) and emotion regulation (ER) in this cohort. Moderate acute malnourished (MAM; WLZ/WHZ -1SD), or for 3 months after enrollment (whichever is earlier). The randomized MAMs groups will be given either Small Quantity Lipid Based Nutrient Supplement (SQLNS) or Enhanced Small Quantity Lipid Based Nutrient Supplement (E-SQLNS), respectively until the end of the 2-year follow up period. Standard psychosocial stimulation will be provided to the MAMs intervention groups. Biological samples will be collected, anthropometric and neurocognitive assessments will be performed at 2 (22m-26m) and 3 (34m-38m) years of age. Two control groups will be recruited: 1), non-malnourished one-year (11m-13m) old children (WLZ/WHZ score>-1SD; n = 70); and 2) three—year (34m-38m) old children (n = 70) with untreated MAM (WHZ ™).</div

Supplementary SOPs.

IntroductionReversing malnutrition-induced impairment of cognition and emotional regulation is a critical global gap. We hypothesize that brain-targeted micronutrient supplemented nutritional rehabilitation in children with moderate acute malnutrition, followed by 2 years micronutrient supplementation will impact on the cognition and emotion regulation of these children.MethodsThe primary outcome of this prospective, randomized controlled trial is to study the development of executive functions (EFs) and emotion regulation (ER) in this cohort. Moderate acute malnourished (MAM; WLZ/WHZ -1SD), or for 3 months after enrollment (whichever is earlier). The randomized MAMs groups will be given either Small Quantity Lipid Based Nutrient Supplement (SQLNS) or Enhanced Small Quantity Lipid Based Nutrient Supplement (E-SQLNS), respectively until the end of the 2-year follow up period. Standard psychosocial stimulation will be provided to the MAMs intervention groups. Biological samples will be collected, anthropometric and neurocognitive assessments will be performed at 2 (22m-26m) and 3 (34m-38m) years of age. Two control groups will be recruited: 1), non-malnourished one-year (11m-13m) old children (WLZ/WHZ score>-1SD; n = 70); and 2) three—year (34m-38m) old children (n = 70) with untreated MAM (WHZ ™).</div

Intervention scheme.

IntroductionReversing malnutrition-induced impairment of cognition and emotional regulation is a critical global gap. We hypothesize that brain-targeted micronutrient supplemented nutritional rehabilitation in children with moderate acute malnutrition, followed by 2 years micronutrient supplementation will impact on the cognition and emotion regulation of these children.MethodsThe primary outcome of this prospective, randomized controlled trial is to study the development of executive functions (EFs) and emotion regulation (ER) in this cohort. Moderate acute malnourished (MAM; WLZ/WHZ -1SD), or for 3 months after enrollment (whichever is earlier). The randomized MAMs groups will be given either Small Quantity Lipid Based Nutrient Supplement (SQLNS) or Enhanced Small Quantity Lipid Based Nutrient Supplement (E-SQLNS), respectively until the end of the 2-year follow up period. Standard psychosocial stimulation will be provided to the MAMs intervention groups. Biological samples will be collected, anthropometric and neurocognitive assessments will be performed at 2 (22m-26m) and 3 (34m-38m) years of age. Two control groups will be recruited: 1), non-malnourished one-year (11m-13m) old children (WLZ/WHZ score>-1SD; n = 70); and 2) three—year (34m-38m) old children (n = 70) with untreated MAM (WHZ ™).</div

SPIRIT schedule.

Schedules of enrollment, interventions and assessments.</p

Eligibility criteria.

IntroductionReversing malnutrition-induced impairment of cognition and emotional regulation is a critical global gap. We hypothesize that brain-targeted micronutrient supplemented nutritional rehabilitation in children with moderate acute malnutrition, followed by 2 years micronutrient supplementation will impact on the cognition and emotion regulation of these children.MethodsThe primary outcome of this prospective, randomized controlled trial is to study the development of executive functions (EFs) and emotion regulation (ER) in this cohort. Moderate acute malnourished (MAM; WLZ/WHZ -1SD), or for 3 months after enrollment (whichever is earlier). The randomized MAMs groups will be given either Small Quantity Lipid Based Nutrient Supplement (SQLNS) or Enhanced Small Quantity Lipid Based Nutrient Supplement (E-SQLNS), respectively until the end of the 2-year follow up period. Standard psychosocial stimulation will be provided to the MAMs intervention groups. Biological samples will be collected, anthropometric and neurocognitive assessments will be performed at 2 (22m-26m) and 3 (34m-38m) years of age. Two control groups will be recruited: 1), non-malnourished one-year (11m-13m) old children (WLZ/WHZ score>-1SD; n = 70); and 2) three—year (34m-38m) old children (n = 70) with untreated MAM (WHZ ™).</div