936 research outputs found
Exploring the possibilities of smartphone-based young adult schizophrenia care: a participatory design study
Stream Processing using Grammars and Regular Expressions
In this dissertation we study regular expression based parsing and the use of
grammatical specifications for the synthesis of fast, streaming
string-processing programs.
In the first part we develop two linear-time algorithms for regular
expression based parsing with Perl-style greedy disambiguation. The first
algorithm operates in two passes in a semi-streaming fashion, using a constant
amount of working memory and an auxiliary tape storage which is written in the
first pass and consumed by the second. The second algorithm is a single-pass
and optimally streaming algorithm which outputs as much of the parse tree as is
semantically possible based on the input prefix read so far, and resorts to
buffering as many symbols as is required to resolve the next choice. Optimality
is obtained by performing a PSPACE-complete pre-analysis on the regular
expression.
In the second part we present Kleenex, a language for expressing
high-performance streaming string processing programs as regular grammars with
embedded semantic actions, and its compilation to streaming string transducers
with worst-case linear-time performance. Its underlying theory is based on
transducer decomposition into oracle and action machines, and a finite-state
specialization of the streaming parsing algorithm presented in the first part.
In the second part we also develop a new linear-time streaming parsing
algorithm for parsing expression grammars (PEG) which generalizes the regular
grammars of Kleenex. The algorithm is based on a bottom-up tabulation algorithm
reformulated using least fixed points and evaluated using an instance of the
chaotic iteration scheme by Cousot and Cousot
Administrative Law - Federal Communications Commission Fairness Doctrine - Applicability to Commercial Advertising. Friends of the Earth v. FCC, __F.2d__, 22 P&F Radio Reg. 2d 2145 (D.C. Cir. 1971)
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Penalties for Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act Violations Involving Obstetrical Emergencies
Introduction: The Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA) was intended to prevent inadequate, delayed, or denied treatment of emergent conditions by emergency departments (ED). While controversies exist regarding the scope of the law, there is no question that EMTALA applies to active labor, a key tenet of the statute and the only medical condition – labor – specifically included in the title of the law. In light of rising maternal mortality rates in the United States, further exploration into the state of emergency obstetrical (OB) care is warranted. Understanding civil monetary penalty settlements levied by the Office of the Inspector General (OIG) related to EMTALA violations involving labor and other OB emergencies will help to inform the current state of access to and quality of OB emergency care.Methods: We reviewed descriptions of all EMTALA-related OIG civil monetary penalty settlements from 2002-2018. OB-related cases were identified using keywords in settlement descriptions. We described characteristics of settlements including the nature of the allegation and compared them with non-OB settlements.Results: Of 232 EMTALA-related OIG settlements during the study period, 39 (17%) involved active labor and other OB emergencies. Between 2002 and 2018 the proportion of settlements involving OB emergencies increased from 17% to 40%. Seven (18%) of these settlements involved a pregnant minor. Most OB cases involved failure to provide screening exam (82%) and/or stabilizing treatment (51%). Failure to arrange appropriate transfer was more common for OB (36%) compared with non-OB settlements (21%) (p = 0.041). Fifteen (38%) involved a provider specifically directing a pregnant woman to proceed to another hospital, typically by private vehicle.Conclusion: Despite inclusion of the term “labor” in the law’s title, one in six settlements related to EMTALA violations involved OB emergencies. One in five settlements involved a pregnant minor, indicating that providers may benefit from education regarding obligations to evaluate and stabilize minors absent parental consent. Failure to arrange appropriate transfer was more common among OB settlements. Findings suggesting need for providers to understand EMTALA-specific requirements for appropriate transfer and for EDs at hospitals without dedicated OB services to implement policies for evaluation of active labor and protocols for transfer when indicated
DETERMINATION OF THE IMPACT MASS IN SOCCER HEADING
This study’s aim was to determine the body’s impact mass in soccer heading and the impact mass’s variations when altering the head’s mass. It was expected that initial impact mass would be larger than the head’s mass, due to muscle activity in the torso/neck. This enables the torso’s mass to contribute in impact. It was also expected that altering the head’s mass would have little effect on the impact mass. The hypotheses were tested in standing heading trials, where a skilled subject impacted soccer balls at low velocities. The study concluded that the above hypotheses could be supported. The impact mass was found to 9,94 kg (± 1,5 kg), which is clearly larger than the heads initial mass (6,4 kg). No significant distinct correlation between the impact mass and the extra head mass was found, though the impact mass was altered by the extra mass
A Process Evaluation of the HappyHealthy SocIal Marketing Campaign
Social marketing campaigns are effective in promoting health behavior changes in individuals and communities. Mississippi State University Extension Service’s (MSU Extension) Office of Nutrition Education launched a statewide social marketing campaign branded HappyHealthy to target nutrition and healthy lifestyle-related behaviors of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-eligible individuals and families. In this study, a process evaluation was conducted with MSU Extension staff to assess perceptions of the campaign’s relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability. In the early stages of the campaign, external evaluators conducted in-depth interviews with MSU Extension staff members (n = 17). After the campaign had been active for several months, the same external evaluators developed a web-based survey instrument for administration with MSU Extension staff (n = 54). Interview and survey responses were interpreted in accordance with Roger’s diffusion of innovation theory. Staff responses indicated it is important that campaign messages and materials align with and enhance staff members’ job responsibilities and that campaign messages are consistent with other education being delivered. Allowing staff to get familiar with some campaign materials before they are responsible for using them may also be advantageous for successful adoption and implementation
Ringing and impulsive exication of offshore wind turbines. Results from the Wave Loads project
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