Clinical characteristics of the subjects for Study 2.

<p>Data are mean ± SEM. OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test. Independent <i>t</i>-test *<i>P</i><0.05.</p><p>Clinical characteristics of the subjects for Study 2.</p

Mitochondrial enzyme activity is reduced in skeletal muscle of OGDM women.

<p>Quantitative bar graphs of mitochondrial DNA copy number (<i>A</i>) and enzyme activity of citrate synthase (<i>B</i>) complex I (<i>C</i>), complex II (<i>D</i>), complex III (<i>E</i>), and complex IV (<i>F</i>) of the respiratory chain in pyramidalis muscle collected during scheduled cesarean section. Data are mean ± SEM. *<i>P</i><0.05 <i>vs</i>. NGT.</p

Work flow of statistical analysis of single proteins.

<p>Work flow of statistical analysis of single proteins.</p

Mitochondrial respiratory chain complex proteins are not different between ONGT and OGDM women.

<p>Complex I (<i>A</i>), complex II (<i>B</i>), complex III (<i>C</i>), complex IV (<i>D</i>). Representative Western blots where calnexin is used as loading control (<i>E</i>).</p

AMPK phosphorylation is reduced in OGDM women, though regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis are not.

<p>Quantitative bar graphs of PPARα (<i>A</i>) and PGC-1α (<i>B</i>), total AMPK (<i>C</i>), and phospho-AMPK (<i>D</i>) protein content in pyramidalis muscle collected during scheduled cesarean section. Representative Western blots where calnexin is used as loading control (<i>E</i>). Data are mean ± SEM. *<i>P</i><0.05 <i>vs</i>. NGT.</p