転移性肝癌の病理学的研究: 癌転移巣と周囲微小環境の変化を中心に

取得学位 : 博士（医学）, 学位授与番号 : 医博甲第1172号, 学位授与年月日：平成7年3月25日,学位授与年：199

Imaging diagnosis of hepatic metastases of pancreatic carcinomas: Significance of transient wedge-shaped contrast enhancement mimicking arterioportal shunt

金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系We aimed to evaluate the imaging findings of hepatic metastases from pancreatic cancers, especially wedge-shaped enhancement and its etiology. Dynamic CT and MR images were performed in 87 patients with liver metastases from pancreatic carcinomas, and CT during arterial portography (CTAP) and CT during hepatic arteriography (CTHA) in 51 patients. Liver metastases were multiple in 84 patients (97%) and solitary in only three (3%). In 44 of 87 patients (51%), all liver metastases showed ring-like enhancement compatible with metastatic adenocarcinomas on dynamic CT and/or dynamic MR imaging. In 37 patients, more than one metastatic lesion showed wedge-shaped contrast enhancement on dynamic CT, dynamic MRI and CTHA, and wedge-shaped perfusion defect on CTAP adjacent to metastatic tumors. Six patients showed multiple wedge-shaped enhancements, which were initially diagnosed as multiple arterioportal shunts (AP shunts). However, metastatic tumors appeared within the area of wedge-shaped enhancement and increased in size on follow-up CT and/or MR images. After all, 43 of 87 patients (49%) had AP shunt like contrast enhancement adjacent to liver metastases. Liver metastases from pancreatic carcinomas frequently show transient wedge-shaped enhancement, and should not be misdiagnosed as nontumorous arterioportal shunts. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

Salt Dependence of the Chain Stiffness and Excluded-Volume Strength for the Polymethacrylate-Type Sulfopropylbetaine in Aqueous NaCl Solutions

A series of zwitterionic polyelectrolytes poly­[3-(<i>N</i>-2-methacryl­oyloxy­ethyl-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethyl)­ammonato­propane­sulfonate] (PMAPS) with a wide range of weight-average molecular weight (<i>M</i>_w) between 5.5 × 10³ and 1.6 × 10⁶ g mol^–1 with narrow molecular weight distribution (<i>M</i>_w/<i>M</i>_n = 1.07–1.19) were thoroughly characterized in aqueous NaCl solutions for salt concentration (<i>C</i>_s) over a range from theta <i>C</i>_s (0.074 M) to 1.0 M by synchrotron radiation small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), light scattering, and viscometry at 25 °C. To determine the chain stiffness parameter (λ^–1) and the excluded-volume strength (<i>B</i>) of PMAPS in an aqueous NaCl solution, SAXS profiles and the <i>M</i>_w dependences of the radius of gyration, the second virial coefficient, the interpenetration function, the hydrodynamic radius, and the intrinsic viscosity for PMAPS were analyzed on the basis of the (un)­perturbed cylindrical wormlike chain model. The experimental λ^–1 value for PMAPS chains in aqueous NaCl solutions barely decreased but was almost constant with the increasing <i>C</i>_s, whereas the value of <i>B</i> was increased gradually with the increasing <i>C</i>_s. Thus, the dominant factor for the chain dimension of PMAPS in aqueous NaCl solutions was the long-range interaction (i.e., <i>B</i>) than the short-range interaction (i.e., λ^–1). The observed <i>C</i>_s dependences of λ^–1 and <i>B</i> for PMAPS chains in aqueous NaCl solutions were fairly described by the theories of the polyampholyte with the nonrepulsive, the repulsive, and the attractive electrostatic interactions