And If Your Friends Jumped Off A Bridge, Would You Do It Too? : How Developmental Neuroscience Can Inform Legal Regimes Governing Adolescents

Legal models of adolescent autonomy and responsibility in various domains of law span a spectrum from categorical prohibitions of certain behaviors to recognitions of total adolescent autonomy. The piecemeal approach to the limited decision-making capacity of adolescents lacks an empirical foundation in the differences between adolescent and adult decision-making, leading to counterintuitive and inconsistent legal outcomes. The law limits adolescent autonomy with respect to some decisions that adolescents are perfectly competent to make, and in other areas, the law attributes adult responsibility and imposes adult punishments on adolescents for making decisions that implicate their unique volitional vulnerabilities. As developmental neuroscientists discover more about the biological underpinnings of juvenile decision-making, policymakers now have the opportunity to enhance consistency within and across the legal domains that regulate adolescent behavior. To serve this goal, our paper typologizes extant legal regimes that account for the limitations of adolescent decision making, reviews the neuroscientific evidence about how the brain’s developing structures and functions affect decision making, explores case studies of how certain youth behaviors that implicate the adolescent brain’s unique vulnerabilities intersect with the legal system, and proposes a matrix-based approach for the consistent legal evaluation of adolescent behavior

Prospective study to Identify Commonest Organisms and Antibiotic Sensitivity in Peritonitis due to Duodenal Ulcer Perforation in Government Rajaji Hospital

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: This is a prospective interventional study to identify the commonest bacteriological profile and its sensitive antibiotic pattern by collecting intra operative toxic peritoneal fluid in patients who are operated for perforative peritonitis due to Duodenal ulcer perforation and to administer the specific antibiotics according to culture sensitivity report instead of using routine empirical antibiotic therapy and thereby reduce the postoperative morbidity and mortality. METHODS: 140 patients who are admitted in Govt. Rajaji Hospital between January 2016 and August 2016 with Duodenal ulcer perforation peritonitis are studied. In such patients peritoneal toxic fluid is collected during laparotomy and the bacteriological profile and sensitive antibiotic pattern is identified. Out of 140 patients 70 patients are administered with empirical antibiotics and remaining 70 patients are administered with specific antibiotics according to culture and sensitivity report. Then comparison is done between these groups in terms of postoperative complications like wound infections, wound gaping, burst abdomen, septicaemia, lung infections, mortality, frequency of secondary minor procedures like secondary suturing & tension wire banding and days of hospital stay. RESULTS: The commonest organism isolated is E.coli (45% ie 63 out of 140 patients). The other organisms which are isolated include klebsiella, polymicrobial flora, pseudomonas, streptococcus and staphylococcus. The sensitive antibiotics are Piperacillin tazobactam 28.5% (40 out of 140 patients), cefotaxime 26.4%. Other sensitive antibiotics includes ceftriaxone, amikacin , ciprofloxacin, gentamycin. In terms of postoperative outcomes 39 pts in group I and 22 pts in group II had wound infections. 18 pts in group I and 14 pts in group II had wound gaping. 21% (30 out of 70 pts in group I) and 40% (56 out of 70 in group II) had postoperative hospital stay of less than 10 days. It is clearly evident that patients on specific antibiotic therapy (group II) had better postoperative outcomes. CONCLUSION: Perforative peritonitis is one the most common cases encountered in surgical casualty opd. In spite of easy diagnosis, operative procedure and presence of modern broad spectrum antibiotics, the postoperative morbidity and mortality is still a challenging task for all surgeons. This study concludes that administration of specific antibiotic therapy reduces the postoperative morbidity and mortality. Since few studies are conducted in this aspect, many studies are needed to be initiated in various institutions

Letter to Timothy Coggins regarding advertisements in the Southeastern Law Librarian, November 5, 1987

A letter from Joy Tennison to Timothy Coggins regarding information on advertisements in the Southeastern Law Librarian

Valois court politics in the time of Jean of Berry and the Collins Cit?? de Dieu: PMA Collins 1945-65-1

At the turn of the fifteenth-century, the Valois court was rife with contention and intrigue. A vocal pro-reform movement had publically exposed corruption and mismanagement at the highest levels of the court hierarchy and was actively attempting to persuade members of the court to implement reforms that would preserve the honor and dignity of the king and his kingdom in the face of the individual desires and needs of the Princes of the Blood. Within this environment, an extraordinary copy of Augustine???s City of God (PMA Collins 1945-65-1) was created for the duke of Berry, a key figure within the court and a celebrated mediator between his nephews the dukes of Burgundy and Orl??ans, leaders of the two opposing factions. Due in part to the manuscripts greatly expanded illumination cycle, PMA Collins 1945-65-1 alters the original text???s flow and introduces a changed mode of reader reception. This paper will explore the effect of the reading flow of this illuminated text on its reception, and examine how gaps introduced into the text by the image cycle facilitate an understanding of the City of God that reinforces contemporary Valois court politics

Identifying the Core Elements of Developing Student Leaders in a College Ambassador Program

Within the university system, student organizations have historically had multiple positive influences on the students who choose to participate in them. This study looked at a particular banner organization in the College of Agriculture, Food and Environment at the University of Kentucky. Using the Social Change Model of Leadership Development theory as a backbone, a survey was created to evaluate the impact UK CAFE Ambassador Program has on its participants, as well as to identify avenues for improvement. This is a program that seeks to represent the college through recruitment and to develop student leaders through soft skill building. After surveying current and past ambassadors, there is overwhelming evidence that the UK CAFE Ambassador Program has positively impacted the students whether it was through skills building, networking, or college experience

Surfactant Assisted Dispersion of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Polyvinylpyrrolidone Solutions

Obtaining stable aqueous dispersions is one of the main challenges hindering a widespread and effective use of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) in many applications. Although it has been recognized that their versatility makes them an extremely attractive material, the unique molecular structure that gives SWNTs their unmatched electronic, mechanical, and thermal properties is also responsible for strong van der Waals interactions. This, combined with extremely high aspect ratios and flexibility, causes SWNTs to adhere strongly into tightly bundled ropes. In these bundles, SWNTs are not as useful as their linearized unbundled equivalents. Thus, in order to take advantage of their properties effectively, SWNTs must be debundled. In this contribution we will report the characterization of a novel non-covalent system using the surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and the polymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) at different molecular weights. Initial tests using Vis-NIR spectroscopy showed that although individually these molecules are poor dispersers of SWNTs, they show a synergic effect when combined for all cases. We have probed for a mechanism using a battery of characterization techniques including Vis-NIR, atomic force microscopy (AFM), viscosity, dynamic light scattering (DLS), surface tension, and pH. Our data suggests that CTAB binds normally to nanotubes while PVP is augmenting dispersion through a physical mechanism specifically linked to its hydrodynamic radius. We propose our approach as a facile way of augmenting current nanotube dispersion techniques, potentially allowing for increased usage in the world today

CH 502 Church History II

Justo Gonzalez, The Story of Christianity, Vol. 2. (1985). Adrian Hastings, ed. A World History of Christianity, (1999). Phillip Jenkins, The Next Christendom (2001). Hugh T. Kerr, editor. Readings in Christian Thought (1990).https://place.asburyseminary.edu/syllabi/2960/thumbnail.jp

What to do with the sword : the appropriateness of violence in Christian civil disobedience in the theologies of Martin Luther King, Jr. and Dietrich Bonhoeffer

https://place.asburyseminary.edu/ecommonsatsdissertations/2075/thumbnail.jp

Relationship Between Selected Demographic Variables And Self-Esteem In Female Adolescents In The Rural South

Self-esteem is recognized as a basic personality- characteristic of positive and productive behavior. The view the adolescent female has of herself is of utmost importance and may have an impact on behavior, achievement, social functioning, and physical and emotional health. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was a relationship between sociodemographic variables and self-esteem in adolescent females. Roy\u27s Adaptation Model was used to guide this descriptive correlation investigation. Data were collected from a sample of 3 0 adolescent females from a small rural high school in East Central Mississippi. Participants were surveyed using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and a researcher-designed demographic survey. Data analysis using Pearson correlations, the ANOVA procedure, and two- tailed t tests revealed a significant positive correlation between self-esteem and having experienced sexual intercourse. Self-esteem was also positively related to higher academic standing. Additional correlations were 1 1 1 assessed between participants\u27 overall feeling about self and the educational level of their mothers as well as personal body image

Historical shifts in knowledge, skill and identity in the South African plant baking industry : implications for curriculum

The South African economy, as with the rest of the world economy, has been influenced by the trends of globalisation and the knowledge economy (Castells, 2001). The South African plant (large scale) baking industry is an industry undergoing significant change with the introduction of cutting edge technology and automation. The aim of this study is to examine the shifts in organisation of work in the South African plant baking industry and, in doing so, identify the corresponding shifts in knowledge, skill and identity of production supervisors. By examining how the work organisation of the bakeries has changed, as well as the adaptations of knowledge, skill and identity, the aim is to draw implications for the development of production supervisors in the future. This, combined with an analysis of the current curricula, is then drawn on to consider the possible implications for a curriculum that addresses the needs of production supervisors in the changing plant baking industry. This qualitative research made use of a case study approach. The first phase of the study examined views on shifts in the organisation of work, and the relative importance of knowledge, skill and identity, via interviews with employees of a national plant baking company that has multiple bakeries at varying stages of automation. Changes in the organisation of work and knowledge, skill and identity were then analysed through the lens of Marx’ Labour Process Theory and Barnett and Coate (2005)’s model for professional curriculum, respectively. The second phase of this study made use of documentary evidence of two different curricula currently available for the development of production supervisors; one developed by the South African Qualifications Authority and the other by the South African Chamber of Baking. This phase sought to examine their ability to address the new organisation of work identified in the first phase of the study, drawing again on the Barnett and Coate (2005) model for professional curriculum. Findings from the first phase of the study point to changes to the organisation of work as seen in the decrease in the amount of labour required to operate an increasingly automated plant and a shift in the role of the production supervisor. These changes have resulted in shifts in the relative importance of knowledge, skill and identity, according to those interviewed. The most significant of these shifts was the perceived increase in the relative importance of identity as interviewees identified the need for a strengthened occupational identity for production supervisors, and a relative devaluing of skill within the bakeries as the role of operators has shifted more towards monitoring instead of operating the machines. These findings might be explained by the increase in automation that has led both to a weakening of occupational identity and a change in the knowledge base required by production supervisors. The need for multi-skilling has increased the need for context independent knowledge. At the same time the need for the situated, tactile, knowledge of the bread making process remains. It is argued that it is this situated knowledge held by the older, more experienced production supervisors that enables the ability to solve problems on the line and potentially strengthens their occupational identity. It was found that neither of the two curricula examined addressed the current and future needs of production supervisors. The findings of both the first and second phases of the study point to the need for a new form of curriculum that addresses the needs of production supervisors who are required to function within the new organisation of work. Conclusions are that it is not possible to confer an identity through formal curriculum alone and work experience remains central to the identity of a production supervisor. Yet there remains a need to provide production supervisors with the context independent knowledge base of, and skill in, the bread making process; elements that can be addressed within a formal curriculum framework. The development of a mixed disciplinary knowledge base that consists of both situated knowledge and context independent knowledge may provide a way for the changes in knowledge, skill and identity to be accommodated in a curriculum that caters more effectively for both workers and an industry whose drive towards automation continues