Assessment of Sustainability of Community Managed Potable Rural Water Supply Schemes: Points in Saharti-Samre Woreda

The concern in the provision of water to rural areas in Ethiopia is lack of sustainability due to an emphasis on construction with inadequate post-construction support and various other related factors. The main objective of this study was thus to assess and determine the sustainability of community managed rural potable water supply systems in Seharti-Samre woreda by examining the main factors and identifying the limitation and key challenges. A total of 12 Functional and 4 Non-functional water points were identified from four Tabias in Seharti- Samre woreda, as unit of analysis for this research. A sampling procedure with both probability and non-probability sampling method was used to identify the 4 Tabias and 16 water points, and the survey was carried out with 112 HH. Cross-sectional design with descriptive analysis was applied using different data collection methods. Findings of the study demonstrated that although water management Committees were initially established, Five of the committees were no longer fulfilling their roles and responsibilities and the majority of the rest were not also effective. As a result majority of the studied Water Committees were frequently not collecting and managing sufficient funds for maintenance and operation costs. From the finding of the study the bottle necks in village level maintenance practices asides to lack of skill and poor fund raising were lack of spare parts and a set of toolkits. The institutional support after construction was also found very weak mainly due to limited capacity of the woreda office. The survey result also showed that due to semi arid nature of the woreda, poor construction designs, and lack of soil and water conservation activities almost half of the studied water points experienced seasonal fluctuation of water sources. Based on the study finding the majority of user households from the non-functional & partially functional water points were not satisfied with management of the water service by water Committees. Moreover, results of the sustainability score showed that none of studied water points are likely to be sustainable in the long term, and 62.5% are possibly sustainable, and the rest 37.5% of the water points are unlikely that the community will be able to overcome any significant challenge. Generally, the ineffectiveness and inability of the water committee to ensure regular payment for O&M of facilities, lack of spare part chain and a set of toolkits, seasonal fluctuation of many water sources, and limited external support were identified in this study as major challenges adversely affecting the sustainability of facilities

Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

As mortality rates decline, life expectancy increases, and populations age, non-fatal outcomes of diseases and injuries are becoming a larger component of the global burden of disease. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) for 328 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2016

Compliance with iron folic acid and associated factors among pregnant women through pill count in Hawassa city, South Ethiopia: a community based cross-sectional study

Abstract Background Iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy is a public health problem across the globe that adversely affects maternal and perinatal outcome. World Health Organization recommends that universal iron folic acid supplementation of pregnant women. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine compliance and identify factors associated with Iron folic acid among pregnant women. Methods Community based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 01–December 30, 2015 on pregnant women from Hawassa city. An Interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 422 selected study subjects using simple random sampling technique. Data were entered in to Epi-Data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were employed to test presence of association between dependent and independent variables. P value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result In this study prevalence of compliance with iron folic acid was reported 38.3% (95%CI: 33.1, 42.5). Women who know the importance of iron folic acid had 6 times higher odds of compliance with iron folic acid than counterpart (AOR = 6.1, 95% CI: 3.53, 10.24).Pregnant women who develop complication during the previous pregnancy had 0.34 times lower odds of compliance with counterpart (AOR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.16–0.76), experiencing iron folic acid related side effects during the previous pregnancy had 8.5 time higher odds to decrease compliance with than those did not experience iron folic acid related side effects (AOR = 8.5, 95% CI: 4.65.-15.35). Conclusion In this study demonstrated that compliance with iron folic acid among pregnant women through pill count is low. Women who know the importance of iron folic acid, women who develop complications during previous pregnancy, experiencing iron folic acid related side effects during the previous pregnancy were independent predictor of compliance with iron folic acid. Health care providers shall strongly counsel the importance and side effect of iron folic acid before prescribing. The responsible bodies avail suitable iron folic acid pill and less side effect brands. Health care providers and health extension workers shall be monitored iron folic acid by pill count during their home to home visits

Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine and associated factors among health professionals working in Hospitals of South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia

Background Health-care professions are among the highly exposed group of population affected by COVID-19 pandemic and identified as the target population to get vaccination against the spread of the infection. However, vaccine reluctance is still high, which may negatively affect the efforts to prevent the spread of the infection. Hence, this study was aimed to assess acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine and associated factors among health professionals working in Hospitals of South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods Institutional-based cross-sectional study was performed among 422 health professionals working in Hospitals of South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia, from March 1 to 30, 2021. Study participants were selected through simple random sampling techniques. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identified factors associated with acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine with a p-value < 0.05 at 95% CI considered as statistically significant. Result Overall, 45.3% of health professionals accepted COVID-19 vaccine. Age (AOR: 2.55; 95% CI: 1.32–4.92), being male (AOR: 1.729; 95% CI: 1.32–2.34), had higher risk of COVID-19 (AOR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.00–3.02), and positive attitude (AOR: 3.26, 95% CI: 2.14–4.96) were found to be statistically significant with the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusion The acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine among health professionals was significantly low. Participant’s age, sex, high risk of COVID-19, and attitude toward COVID-19 vaccine were significantly associated with vaccine acceptance. Therefore, the government with respective stakeholders should emphasize addressing the concern of the health professionals and increase attitudes regarding COVID-19 vaccine to scale up vaccine acceptance

Surgical outcome and predictors of neonates with esophageal atresia admitted at Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital.

BackgroundEsophageal atresia (EA) with or without tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is the most common congenital anomaly of the esophagus. This anomaly continues to cause considerable morbidity and mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa, presenting various concerns about how to treat esophageal atresia. Esophageal atresia-related neonatal mortality can be reduced by evaluating the surgical outcome and identifying associated factors.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the surgical outcome and identify predictors of neonates with esophageal atresia admitted at Tikur Anbesa specialized hospital.MethodsRetrospective crossectional study design was employed on 212 neonates with esophageal atresia who were undergone surgical intervention in Tikur Anbesa specialized hospital. Data were entered into epi data 4.6 and exported to Stata version 16 software for further analysis. A logistic regression model with Adjusted odds ratio (AOR), confidence interval (CI) and p-value ResultIn this study, 25% of newborns who underwent surgical intervention at TikurAbnbesa specialized hospital had successful surgical outcomes, compared to 75% of neonates with esophageal atresia who had poor surgical outcomes. Significant predictors of the poor surgical outcome of neonates with esophageal atresia were severe thrombocytopenia (AOR = 2.81(1.07-7.34)), timing of surgery (AOR = 3.7(1.34-10.1), aspiration pneumonia (AOR = 2.93(1.17-7.38)) and related abnormalities (AOR = 2.26(1.06-4.82)).ConclusionThe results of this study showed that, when compared to other studies, a substantial percentage of newborn children with esophageal atresia had poor surgical outcomes. Early surgical management, aspiration pneumonia and thrombocytopenia prevention and therapy play a big part in improving the surgical prognosis for newborns with esophageal atresia

Fig 3 -

a: Funnel plot to test the publication bias of 15 studies. b: Results of the trim and fill analyses for adjusting the publication bias of the 16 studies.</p

Subgroup analysis of the level of adherence to option B+ program among HIV-positive women in Ethiopia.

Subgroup analysis of the level of adherence to option B+ program among HIV-positive women in Ethiopia.</p

Factors affecting the level of adherence to the option B+ program among HIV-positive women in Ethiopia.

Factors affecting the level of adherence to the option B+ program among HIV-positive women in Ethiopia.</p

PRISMA checklist for systematic review and meta-analysis on level of adherence to the option B+ program and associated factors among HIV-positive women in Ethiopia.

PRISMA checklist for systematic review and meta-analysis on level of adherence to the option B+ program and associated factors among HIV-positive women in Ethiopia.</p

Flow chart of study selection for systematic review and meta-analysis of the level of adherence to the option B+ program among women in Ethiopia.

Flow chart of study selection for systematic review and meta-analysis of the level of adherence to the option B+ program among women in Ethiopia.</p