Identification of fertility restorer and sterility maintainer lines in chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)

Three cytoplasmic geneic male sterile lines of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) namely, JNKVVA1, ACBGA1 and ACBGA2 showed 100% male sterility when tested with 1% acetocarmine solution. Among the 50 chilli lines crossed with the three male sterile lines, 36 lines were stable for fertility restoration (Rf) while, two lines namely, AVNPC131 and X235 were identified as sterility maintainers (rf). &nbsp

Stability analysis in chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)

Twenty cytoplasmic genetic male sterility (CGMS) based F1 hybrids, three promising genotypes and a check were evaluated in three different environments for stability analysis. The correlation and path coefficient analysis were studied in 75 genotypes for 18 and 12 different quantitative characters, respectively. Variance due to genotypes × environment interactions were significant for all the characters except number of fruits plant-1 and fresh fruit weight plant-1. Considering all the stability parameters, JCH-47, BCH-24 and BVC-37 exhibited wider stability for dry fruit yield plant-1, JCH-01 had stability for favourable environment and JCH-05, JCH-14, JCH-23, JCH-24, JCH-54 and RCH-23 showed below average stability. Highest performing F1 hybrid JCH-54 was identified as stable performer under unfavourable environment for dry fruit yield. The highest correlations were found with dry fruit weight plant-1 and fresh fruit weight plant-1 (r=1.00), number of fruits plant-1 (r=0.63), dry fruit weight fruit-1 (r=0.44), number of seeds fruit-1 (r=0.35), fresh fruit weight fruit-1 (r=0.32) and fruit length (r=0.28). Path analysis indicated that the number of fruits plant-1 and fresh fruit weight fruit-1 were the two factors that exerted the greatest influence both directly and indirectly upon the dry fruit yield. These two traits were the most important components that involved dry fruit yield plant-1. &nbsp

Reaction of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes and hybrids against Fusarium wilt (Fusarium solani)

Field experiment was conducted to evaluate chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes and hybrids against Fusarium solani. About 56 restorer lines and 38 F1 hybrids were evaluated for resistance to Fusarium solani under laboratory conditions. Among the 56 genotypes, none of them were immune or resistant. However, only one genotype viz., P3 was found moderately resistant in both seed inoculation and rapid root dip transplanting techniques. However, out of 38, two hybrids, viz., JNA2 × ACB1 × 9608D and Rajaput × P3 showed resistance under sick pot culture condition. &nbsp

le

Purification of bluetongue virus (BTV) group-specific VP7 protein, expressed in prokaryotic system as histidine-tagged fusion protein is described in the present study. The major antigenic portion of VP7 gene of BTV 23 was amplified from the extracted RNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and cloned. The recombinant expression construct (pET-VP7) was identified by the polymerase chain reaction and sequencing analysis. Expression of histidine-tagged fusion truncated VP7 protein with a molecular mass of 36 kDa was determined by Western blot analysis using anti-His antibody. The expressed VP7 was purified to near homogeneity by chromatography on nickel-agarose column as judged by sodium dodesyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis. The purified VP7 protein was recognized by antibody to BTV in Western blot analysis. The capability of the recombinant VP7 protein to differentiate hyperimmune serum of rabbit to BTV from normal rabbit serum was evident in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The purified VP7 reacted well with the 24 BTV serotype-specific sera obtained from OIE Reference Laboratory on bluetongue. Our results indicated that the expressed VP7 protein could be used as antigen for development of antibody-capture ELISA for detection BTV group-specific antibodies. This recombinant protein may also be used as antigen in competitive ELISA format

Studies of Skewness, Kurtosis and Transgressive Segregants in F2:3 Populations of Cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata L.)

The present investigation was carried out to study gene action and pattern of inheritance of different traits in cowpea. Two different F3 segregating generation of crosses viz., VBN-1 × RC-19 and KBC-9 × PGCP-6 were studied during summer 2021 using augmented random block design at College of Agriculture, Kalaburagi. Data were recorded on 10 different quantitative traits. Transgressive segregants with values exceeding the better parent were observed in both the F2:3 populations for seed yield. In both the populations, negative skewness was observed for days to initiation of flowering, days to physiological maturity and number of pods/plant whereas test weight exhibited positive skewness suggesting a mild and intense selection would be sufficient to gain maximum genetic-gain in negatively and positively skewed traits, respectively. In both the F2:3 populations, positive kurtosis was observed for number of branches / plant, test weight and dry matter content/plant indicating that these traits are governed by fewer numbers of genes

Evaluation of Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) Genotypes for Growth, Phenological and Yield under North-Eastern Dry Zone of Karnataka, India

Eight grape genotypes were evaluated during 2021-2022 at New orchard, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Block Design with three replication. The grape cultivars of five year old vines planted at spacing of 3.0m× 1.5m and trained on Y system of training. The forward pruning was done on 21st October, 2021. There were eight table grape genotypes under the evaluation study, i.e., Thompson Seedless, Manik Chaman, Sharad Seedless, 2A Clone, K.R. White, Manjari Naveen, Fantasy Seedless and Medica. Among genotypes, Medica recorded the maximum pruning weight (1.39 Kg vine-1), number of fruitful canes vine-1(36.00). Thompson Seedless observed maximum shoot length (126.49 cm). Manik Chaman recorded maximum cane diameter (10.31 mm). The genotype Thompson Seedless has recorded earliness in bud sprouting (7.10 days), minimum number of days to anthesis (29.12 days) and fruitset (35.25 days). The early ripening genotypes was Sharad Seedless (98.70 days). The maximum bunch weight was recorded in the genotype 2A Clone (598.87 g). The genotype Medica recorded the maximum number of bunches vine-1(112.00) with highest bunch yield (41.32 kg vine-1

Not Available

Not AvailableSheep pox and Goat pox are highly contagious viral diseases of small ruminants. These diseases were earlier thought to be caused by a single species of virus, as they are serologically indistinguishable. P32, one of the major immunogenic genes of Capripoxvirus, was isolated and Sequenced from two Indian isolates of goat poxvirus (GPV) and a vaccine strain of sheep poxvirus (SPV). The sequences were compared with other P32 sequences of capripoxviruses available in the database. Sequence analysis revealed that sheep pox and goat poxviruses share 97.5 and 94.7% homology at nucleotide and amino acid level, respectively. A major difference between them is the presence of an additional aspartic acid at 55th position of P32 of sheep poxvirus that is absent in both goat poxvirus and lumpy skin disease virus. Further, six unique neutral nucleotide substitutions were observed at positions 77, 275, 403, 552, 867 and 964 in the sequence of goat poxvirus, which can be taken as GPV signature residues. Similar unique nucleotide signatures could be identified in SPV and LSDV sequences also. Phylogenetic analysis showed that members of the Capripoxvirus could be delineated into three distinct clusters of GPV, SPV and LSDV based on the P32 genomic sequence. Using this information, a PCR-RFLP method has been developed for unequivocal genomic differentiation of SPV and GPV.Not Availabl

Introgression of Stay Green Quantitative Trait Locus (QTLS) into Elite Sorghum Variety by MABC

Sorghum is a major staple food crop for the people in semi-arid areas of Asia. Post-flowering drought is a global constraint of sorghum production. The study aimed to improve stay-green characteristics of GS-23 sorghum variety by transferring stg3A and stg3B QTL`s respectively from donor genotypes K260 and K359w of ICRISAT by using marker assisted backcrossing. The experimental material comprised of six basic generations P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 developed from crossing GS-23 × K260 and GS-23 × K359 were genotyped using a set of 133 SNPs and 79 SSR markers. Whereas, 53 polymorphic SNPs among parents and backcross F1s for stay green trait at maturity were used to track introgression of stay green trait. Similarly,10 SSR markers were found to be polymorphic were used to track introgression of stay green trait i.e., stay green trait QTL`s stg3A and stg3B from donor parent K260 and K359w respectively in GS-23 background across backcross population and to identify plants that were homozygous for the desired allele. In which 02 SNPs SnpSB0039 and SnpSB0093 were identified as polymorphic for both K260 and K359w. Whereas 17 SNPs identified polymorphic for K260 and 34 SNPs for K359w. These SNPs were validated in both F1 and BC1F1 populations of both the crosses. Similarly, out of 10 SSR markers utilized, 02 SSRs were identified polymorphic to K260 and 02 SSRs were identified for K359w. Whereas 06 SSRs were polymorphic to both the parents K260 and K359w. Prominent 02 SSRs viz., Xtxp 141_Fam and Xgap84_Vic found to be more reliable and polymorphic to both the parents. These SSRs were validated in both F1 and BC1F1 populations of both the crosses. The genotypic analysis revealed the presence of favorable alleles in homozygous conditions at markers loci associated with stg3A and stg3B  QTL`s in BC populations, suggesting successful introgression of stay green QTLs from the donor parents to the recurrent parent. Therefore, our study demonstrated the utility of marker-assisted backcrossing for drought tolerance improvement of locally adapted sorghum variety