Prevalence and Predictors of Depression among Pregnant Women in Debretabor Town, Northwest Ethiopia.

BACKGROUND:Depression during pregnancy is a major health problem because it is prevalent and chronic, and its impact on birth outcome and child health is serious. Several psychosocial and obstetric factors have been identified as predictors. Evidence on the prevalence and predictors of antenatal depression is very limited in Ethiopia. This study aims to determine prevalence and associated factors with antenatal depression. METHODS:Community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 527 pregnant women recruited in a cluster sampling method. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews on socio-demographic, obstetric, and psychosocial characteristics. Depression symptoms were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The List of Threatening Experiences questionnaire (LTE-Q) and the Oslo Social Support Scale (OSS-3) were used to assess stressful events and social support, respectively. Data were entered into Epi-info and analyzed using SPSS-20. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were carried out. RESULTS:The prevalence of antenatal depression was found to be 11.8%. Having debt (OR = 2.79, 95% CI = 1.33, 5.85), unplanned pregnancy (OR = 2.39, 95% CI = (1.20, 4.76), history of stillbirth (OR = 3.97, 95% CI = (1.67,9.41), history of abortion (OR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.005, 6.61), being in the third trimester of pregnancy (OR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.07,2.72), presence of a complication in the current pregnancy (OR = 3.29, 95% CI = 1.66,6.53), and previous history of depression (OR = 3.48, 95% CI = 1.71,7.06) were factors significantly associated with antenatal depression. CONCLUSION:The prevalence of antenatal depression was high, especially in the third trimester. Poverty, unmet reproductive health needs, and obstetric complications are the main determinants of antenatal depression. For early detection and appropriate intervention, screening for depression during the routine antenatal care should be promoted

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Teenage Pregnancy, Northeast Ethiopia, 2017: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction. Though teen age pregnancy had poor maternal and perinatal health outcomes, its magnitude and determinants are not well understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of teenage pregnancy in Wogedi, northeast Ethiopia. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 514 teenagers in Wogedi, northeast Ethiopia, from April to May 2017. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, entered, and analyzed appropriately. Odds ratios with 95% confidence interval and P-values were computed using appropriate logistic regression models to determine the presence and strength of associations between the dependent and independent variables. Results. The prevalence of teenage pregnancy in Wogedi was 28.6% (95% CI: 24.9, 32.5). Age (AOR=2.10; 95% CI: 1.55, 2.88), rural residence (AOR=3.93; 95% CI: 1.20, 12.83), contraceptive nonuse (AOR=10.62; 95% CI: 5.28, 21.36), and parental marital status (divorce) (AOR=1.98; 95%CI: 1.13, 3.93) were found to have statistically significant associations with teenage pregnancy. Conclusions. There is high prevalence of teenage pregnancy in the area. Age, residence, contraceptive nonuse, and parental divorce were found to have a statistically significant association. Strengthening contraceptive use by giving special attention to rural dwellers and showing the consequences of divorce to the community are strongly recommended

Prevalence of mental distress and associated factors among undergraduate students of University of Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional institutional based study.

Mental health problems affect society as a whole and no group is immune to mental disorders; however, students have significantly high level of mental distress than their community peers.The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of mental distress among undergraduate students of University of Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia.Institution based cross sectional study was conducted among 836 students from April 9-11/2014. Stratified multistage sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data were collected using pretested and structured self-administered questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with mental distress among students. An adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was computed to determine the level of significance.Prevalence of mental distress among students was found to be 40.9%. Female sex (AOR = 1.65; 95% CI 1.17-2.30), lack of interest towards their field of study (AOR = 2.28; 95% CI 1.49-3.50), not having close friends (AOR = 1.48; 95% CI 1.03-2.14), never attend religious programs (AOR = 1.58; 95% CI 1.02-2.46), conflict with friends (AOR = 1.93; 95% CI 1.41-2.65), having financial distress (AOR1.49 = 95% CI 1.05, 2.10), family history of mental illness (AOR = 2.12; 95% CI 1.31-3.45), Ever use of Khat (AOR = 1.71; 95% CI 1.12-2.59), lower grade than anticipated(AOR = 2.07; 95% CI 1.51-2.83), lack of vacation or break (AOR = 1.46; 95% CI 1.06-2.02), and low social support(AOR = 2.58; 95% CI 1.58-4.22) were significantly associated with mental distress.The overall prevalence of mental distress among students was found to be high. Therefore, it is recommended that mental distress needs due attention and remedial action from policy makers, college officials, non-governmental organizations, parents, students and other concerned bodies

High prevalence of substance use and associated factors among high school adolescents in Woreta Town, Northwest Ethiopia: multi-domain factor analysis

Background: Substance use is a major public health concern in global settings, and is very common during adolescence period leading to physical and/or mental health complications. This study assessed the prevalence of substance use and associated factors among high school adolescents in Woreta Town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2012.Methods: A school based cross -sectional study was conducted from April 7 to April 15, 2012 amongst 684 9th to 12th grade high school students in the town of Woreta. Participants were selected by stratified sampling, and data were collected using an anonymous questionnaire adapted from the 2008 Community That Care Youth Survey. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with substance use.Results: A total of 651 students participated in the study with a response rate of 95.2%. The current prevalence of substance use among Woreta high school students was 47.9% and life -time prevalence was 65.4%. The current and lifetime prevalence of alcohol use was 40.9% and 59% respectively. Siblings' use of substances (AOR [95% CI]: 2.72 [1.79, 4.14]), family history of alcohol and substance use (AOR [95% CI] 2.24 [1.39 - 3.59]) and friends' use of substances ( AOR [95% CI] 2.14 [1.44 - 3.18]) were factors positively associated with substance use. On the other hand, religiosity and social skill were found to be 54% ( AOR [95% CI] 0.46, [0.31 - 0.68]) and 39% ( AOR [95% CI] 0.6 [0.40 - 0.91]) negatively associated with substance use.Conclusions: The prevalence of substance use amongst adolescents was high for the three substances namely alcohol, cigarette and khat with alcohol being the most common. Community norms favorable to substance use, family history of alcohol and substance use, siblings' substance use, poor academic performance, low perceived risk of substances and friends' use of substances had positive association with adolescent substance use while religiosity and social skills were found to have negative association with adolescent substance use. Initiate public awareness campaigns to inform adolescents and adults, particularly parents, of the risk of substance use. Developing culture friendly, gender based adolescent and family based programs and initiating public awareness are recommended to decrease substance use by adolescents

Demographic and obstetric factors associated with depression among pregnant women at Debretabor town, North West Ethiopia, 2013.

<p>Demographic and obstetric factors associated with depression among pregnant women at Debretabor town, North West Ethiopia, 2013.</p

Frequency distribution of Socio-demographic and socio-economic factors among pregnant women at Debretabor town, North West Ethiopia, 2013(n = 527).

<p>Frequency distribution of Socio-demographic and socio-economic factors among pregnant women at Debretabor town, North West Ethiopia, 2013(n = 527).</p

Bivariate and multivariate analysis of psychosocial factors (stressful events and social support) and their association with depression among pregnant women at Debretabor town, North West Ethiopia, 2013.

<p>Bivariate and multivariate analysis of psychosocial factors (stressful events and social support) and their association with depression among pregnant women at Debretabor town, North West Ethiopia, 2013.</p

Poor sleep quality and associated factors among pregnant women on antenatal care follow up at Nekemte Referral Hospital and Wollega University Hospital, Nekemte, Ethiopia, 2019: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Sleep disturbances are common in women, especially during pregnancy. This can result in emotional and psychological consequences for pregnant women, and it could lead to some serious complications for both mothers and their babies. However, it is not well recognized and has not been studied in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Objective To assess the quality of sleep and associated factors among pregnant women on antenatal care follow-up at Nekemte Referral Hospital and Wollega University Hospital, Nekemte, Ethiopia 2019. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to June 2019 at Nekemte Referral Hospital and Wollega University Hospital. A systematic random sampling technique was used to get 408 samples. Sleep quality was assessed using structured questionnaires of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index tool. Then, the collected data was coded and entered into Epi-Data 3.1 version and analyzed using SPSS version 20. A logistic regression analysis was computed to determine the association between independent variables and sleep quality. Statistically significant was considered at P-value < 0.05. Results With 96.4% response rate, the magnitude of poor sleep quality was found to be 59.1% [95% CI: (54.2, 64)]. Poor sleep quality was high among participants with unplanned pregnancy [AOR = 4.25,95%CI:(1.47,12.23)],poor sleep hygiene[AOR = 2.93,95%CI:(1.41,6.09)],depressed women[AOR = 5.73,95%CI:(2.49,13.21)], anxiety disorder[AOR = 6.62,95%CI:(2.61,16.82)] and third trimester participants [AOR = 5.84,95% CI:(2.49,13.21)]. Conclusion This study demonstrated that poor sleep quality among pregnant women is high. Factors like depression, anxiety, poor sleep hygiene, first time pregnancy, unplanned pregnancy, and late gestational age were found to be associated with poor sleep quality. This underlines health care planners’ needs to incorporate screening for poor sleep quality into routine ANC services

Depression among women with obstetric fistula, and pelvic organ prolapse in northwest Ethiopia

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of depression is not well studied among women with pelvic floor disorders. Hence, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression and its associated factors among women with pelvic floor disorders. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 306 women with one or more of the advanced pelvic floor disorders who attended at the gynaecologic outpatient clinic of Gondar university referral hospital in the six months data collection period. Women who complained of urinary or faecal incontinence or protruding mass per vagina were assessed and staged accordingly. Eligible women i.e. those with advanced pelvic organ prolapse or obstetric fistula were included consecutively. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain socio-demographic data and medical histories for all consenting women. Interviews were done by a female midwife nurse. Depression measures were obtained using the Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI) tool administered by the midwife nurse after intensive training. Data were entered into a computer using Epi Info version 3. 5.3, and then exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Multiple logistic regressions were fitted and Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to identify associated factors. RESULTS: Of the 306 women interviewed, 269 had advanced pelvic organ prolapse (stages 3 and 4), 37 had obstetric fistula. All four women (100%) with both faecal and urinary incontinence, 97.0% those with urinary incontinence due to obstetric fistula and 67.7% of those with advanced pelvic organ prolapse (stages 3 and 4) had symptoms of depression. Depression was significantly associated with age 50 years or older (P < 0.01), marital status (P < 0.05), history of divorce (p < 0.01), self perception of severe problem (P < 0.05), and having stage 3 pelvic organ prolapse (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Women with advanced pelvic organ prolapse, and obstetric fistula had high prevalence of depressive symptoms. A holistic management approach, including mental health care is recommended for women having such severe forms of pelvic floor disorders

Negative binomial regression for missed appointments over demographic, clinical, and behavioral factors.

Negative binomial regression for missed appointments over demographic, clinical, and behavioral factors.</p