Transit Migration in North Cyprus (TRNC)

This study aims at exploring the flows of transit migration to North Cyprus by type: whether or not it is labour, refugee or asylum. To determine that, the question of which push factors lay behind transit migration in the origin country tries to be answered. Also this study seeks to analyze origins, routes and destinations of transit migrants in TRNC from 2004 to 2008. In addition, the paper analyzes what kind of measures TRNC government was taking to deal with illegal transit migrants, human trafficking and smuggling through its borders, and how non-state institutions in TRNC considered and dealt with transit migrants and especially refugees.

ƉŝƉŚĂŶLJ͗ :ŽƵƌŶĂů ŽĨ dƌĂŶƐĚŝƐĐŝƉůŝŶĂƌLJ ^ƚƵĚŝĞƐ͕ sŽů͘ ϳ͕ EŽ͘ ϭ͕ ;ϮϬϭϰͿ Ξ &ĂĐƵůƚLJ ŽĨ ƌƚƐ ĂŶĚ ^ŽĐŝĂů ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞƐ Transit Migration in North Cyprus (TRNC) Yılmaz Çolak * * * *

Abstract This study aims at exploring the flows of transit migration to North Cyprus by type: whether or not it is labour, refugee or asylum. To determine that, the question of which push factors lay behind transit migration in the origin country tries to be answered

Transit Migration in North Cyprus (TRNC)

This study aims at exploring the flows of transit migration to North Cyprus by type: whether or not it is labour, refugee or asylum. To determine that, the question of which push factors lay behind transit migration in the origin country tries to be answered. Also this study seeks to analyze origins, routes and destinations of transit migrants in TRNC from 2004 to 2008. In addition, the paper analyzes what kind of measures TRNC government was taking to deal with illegal transit migrants, human trafficking and smuggling through its borders, and how non-state institutions in TRNC considered and dealt with transit migrants and especially refugees

Safety and Efficacy of Zonisamide in Refractory Epilepsy Patients: Clinical Experience from a Tertiary Center

Objectives:Zonisamide (ZnS) is a new generation antiepileptic agent used in the treatment of epilepsy patients with partial and generalized seizures. In this study, we aim to investigate the safety and efficacy of ZnS in the treatment of patients with refractory epilepsy who were being followed.Methods:Forty-five refractory epilepsy patients who received ZnS treatment were included in this study. Patients who received ZnS treatment for less than six months were excluded. Age, sex, types of seizures, examination findings, magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography findings, concurrent use of non-ZnS antiepileptic drugs, decrease in the seizure frequency and side effects of the drug were recorded.Results:Thirty-nine patients, whose mean age was 34.3±9.3 years, were evaluated. Complex partial seizures (CPS) and generalized tonic-clonic seizure (GTCS) were observed in 74.4% of the patients, whereas 10.3% had GTCS alone, 7.7% had CPS alone, 5.2% had GTCS and myoclonia and 2.6% of them had absence and myoclonia. In the follow-up, treatment was observed to be discontinued in 19 of the 39 patients due to drug side effects, or where there was an increase, or no change, in seizure frequency. Twenty patients responded to treatment. Seizure frequency was decreased by 25% in one patient; 50% in five patients, and 75% in seven patients. Three patients were seizure-free. Although there was no change in seizure frequency, seizure duration was shortened in four patients. Treatment-responsive patients were using ZnS at doses that ranged from 100 to 400 mg/day for 7 to 80 months.Conclusion:ZnS is a safe, tolerable and effective option for the additional treatment of refractory epilepsy patients at our center

Cranial imaging findings in neurobrucellosis: results of Istanbul-3 study

Objective: Neuroimaging abnormalities in central nervous system (CNS) brucellosis are not well documented. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of imaging abnormalities in neurobrucellosis and to identify factors associated with leptomeningeal and basal enhancement, which frequently results in unfavorable outcomes. Methods: Istanbul-3 study evaluated 263 adult patients with CNS brucellosis from 26 referral centers and reviewed their 242 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 226 computerized tomography (CT) scans of the brain. Results: A normal CT or MRI scan was seen in 143 of 263 patients (54.3 %). Abnormal imaging findings were grouped into the following four categories: (a) inflammatory findings: leptomeningeal involvements (44), basal meningeal enhancements (30), cranial nerve involvements (14), spinal nerve roots enhancement (8), brain abscesses (7), granulomas (6), and arachnoiditis (4). (b) White-matter involvement: white-matter involvement (32) with or without demyelinating lesions (7). (c) Vascular involvement: vascular involvement (42) mostly with chronic cerebral ischemic changes (37). (d) Hydrocephalus/cerebral edema: hydrocephalus (20) and brain edema (40). On multivariate logistic regression analysis duration of symptoms since the onset (OR 1.007; 95 % CI 1–28, p = 0.01), polyneuropathy and radiculopathy (OR 5.4; 95 % CI 1.002–1.013, p = 0.044), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/serum glucose rate (OR 0.001; 95 % CI 000–0.067, p = 0.001), and CSF protein (OR 2.5; 95 % CI 2.3–2.7, p = 0.0001) were associated with diffuse inflammation. Conclusions: In this study, 45 % of neurobrucellosis patients had abnormal neuroimaging findings. The duration of symptoms, polyneuropathy and radiculopathy, high CSF protein level, and low CSF/serum glucose rate were associated with inflammatory findings on imaging analyses. © 2016, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg