DESVENDANDO A ANEMIA HEMOLÍTICA INDUZIDA POR MEDICAMENTOS

Introduction: Anemia is characterized by a reduction in erythrocyte mass, measured by hemoglobin (Hb) concentration. Its etiologies are multifactorial, including nutritional deficiencies, blood loss and chronic diseases. Among the rare and serious causes are drug-induced anemias, which occur due to drug interactions that trigger the destruction of red blood cells. Methods: A bibliographic review was carried out in the main databases, resulting in the selection of 20 articles dealing with drug-induced hemolytic anemia. The inclusion criteria were articles published between 2016 and 2024, available in full and in English, Spanish or Portuguese. Results and Discussion: Antibiotics, especially penicillin and cephalosporins, are the main causes of drug-induced hemolytic anemia. Mechanisms involving drug interactions lead to the immunological destruction of red blood cells. Symptoms are non-specific and varied, including weakness, tachycardia and jaundice. Diagnosis requires clinical suspicion and laboratory tests, such as the direct antiglobulin test. Conclusion: The management of drug-induced hemolytic anemia involves discontinuing the causative drug, and glucocorticoids may be necessary in severe cases. Second-line therapies, such as splenectomy or immunosuppressants, are considered in situations of resistance to initial treatment. Interdisciplinary collaboration is essential for effective and individualized management.Introdução: A anemia é caracterizada pela redução da massa eritrocitária, medida pela concentração de hemoglobina (Hb). Suas etiologias são multifatoriais, incluindo deficiências nutricionais, perdas sanguíneas e doenças crônicas. Entre as causas raras e graves, destacam-se as anemias induzidas por fármacos, ocorrendo por interações medicamentosas que desencadeiam a destruição das hemácias. Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica nas principais bases de dados, resultando na seleção de 20 artigos que abordavam anemia hemolítica induzida por medicamentos. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos publicados entre 2016 e 2024, disponíveis na íntegra e em inglês, espanhol ou português. Resultados e Discussão: Os antibióticos, especialmente penicilinas e cefalosporinas, são os principais responsáveis pela anemia hemolítica induzida por medicamentos. Mecanismos envolvendo interações medicamentosas levam à destruição imunológica das hemácias. Os sintomas são inespecíficos e variados, incluindo fraqueza, taquicardia e icterícia. O diagnóstico requer a suspeita clínica e exames laboratoriais, como o teste antiglobulina direto. Conclusão: O manejo da anemia hemolítica induzida por medicamentos envolve a suspensão do fármaco causador, podendo ser necessária a administração de glicocorticoides em casos graves. Terapias de segunda linha, como esplenectomia ou imunossupressores, são consideradas em situações de resistência ao tratamento inicial. A colaboração interdisciplinar é essencial para um manejo eficaz e individualizado

Effects of Standardized Brazilian Green Propolis Extract (EPP-AF®) on Inflammation in Haemodialysis Patients: A Clinical Trial

Background. Patients on haemodialysis (HD) present a significant inflammatory status, which has a pronounced negative impact on their outcomes. Propolis is a natural resin with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. We assessed the safety and impact of a standardized Brazilian green propolis extract (EPP-AF®) on the inflammatory status in patients under conventional HD. Methods. Patients were assigned to receive 200 mg/day of EPP-AF® for 4 weeks followed by 4 weeks without the drug, and changes in plasma levels of interleukins (ILs), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and high-sensitivityc-reactive protein (HsCRP) were measured. A heatmap was used to illustrate trends in data variation. Results. In total, 37 patients were included in the final analysis. Patients presented an exacerbated inflammatory state at baseline. During EPP-AF® use, there was a significant reduction in IFN-γ (p=0.005), IL-13 (p=0.04 2), IL-17 (p=0.039), IL-1ra (p=0.008), IL-8 (p=0.009), and TNF-α (p < 0.001) levels compared to baseline, and significant changes were found in Hs-CRP levels. The heatmap demonstrated a pattern of pronounced proinflammatory status at baseline, especially in patients with primary glomerulopathies, and a clear reduction in this pattern during the use of EPP-AF®. There was a tendency to maintain this reduction after suspension of EPP-AF®. No significant side effects were observed. Conclusion. Patients under haemodialysis presented a pronounced inflammatory status, and EPP-AF® was demonstrated to be safe and associated with a significant and maintained reduction in proinflammatory cytokines in this population. This trial is registered with Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04072341

Preclinical development of kinetin as a safe error-prone SARS-CoV-2 antiviral able to attenuate virus-induced inflammation

The search for antivirals against SARS-CoV-2 continue due to the emergence of variants of concerns, able to escape the vaccinal humoral response. In this work, authors pre-clinically explore the potential of kinetin against SARS-CoV-2, which could be used alone or in combination with other antivirals

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2008

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq