Probiotic adhesion to skin keratinocytes and underlying mechanisms

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Strategi Bertahan (Survival Strategy) Pedagang Sayuran di Pasar Tradisional Pelita Kecamatan Kaliwates di Masa Covid-19

The Pelita market is always busy every day with buyers, but due to the current condition of the Covid-19 pandemic, it has an impact on economic activity at the Pelita market. This resulted in a decrease in the total income of traders. To survive during the Covid-19 pandemic, traders carried out a survival strategy to continue to generate income. This study uses qualitative research methods, the type of research is field research with a descriptive approach. The data collection techniques are through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used pre-field analysis and data analysis in the field with the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. Test the validity of the data using source triangulation. The results showed: 1) Active strategy, by increasing the quality of goods and services, having family members who help work, and increasing working hours, 2) Passive strategy, namely by reducing merchandise inventory, reducing the number of employees, 3) Network strategy, by establishing good relationships with buyers, depositing merchandise at nearby stalls, as well as doing a side online business

Probiotic growth in skin-like conditions

Although probiotics’ main known effects are in the digestive system, over the last years several benefits that come from their topical use, have been investigated. Several studies have reported beneficial effects on different skin disorders, such as atopic dermatitis, acne, eczema, psoriasis, wound healing, skin aging and reactive skin. Their main action is assigned to the inhibition of skin colonization by pathogens. In this work, the growths of three probiotic strains were evaluated in the presence of abiotic factors similar to those found in skin, namely, UV radiation, temperature, pH, NaCl and fatty acids. Lactobacillus rhamnosus showed increased growth under the pH of 6, but no differences in its growth were found for the various NaCl concentrations tested. Lactobacillus delbrueckii increased the number of bacterial cells in 88.8% when grown in 10 mM NaCl concentration, while Propioniferax innocua showed increased growth at 45 ℃. All tested probiotic bacteria were able to grow under skin-like conditions. However, L. rhamnosus was the probiotic that showed the best results. The results obtained in this study indicate that the used probiotics may be beneficial in the treatment of skin diseases, since they are able to successfully thrive in skin-like conditions.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Development of a postbiotic film to prevent dysbiosis

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Antimicrobial characterization of alginate edible films containing plant extracts

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Enzymatic activities of non-starter lactic acid bacteria isolated from a traditional Portuguese cheese

Four strains of lactic acid bacteria, previously isolated from traditional Serra da Estrela cheese and duly identified as Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei, Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. dextranicum, Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis and Enterococcus faecium, were tested for their aminotransferase, oxidase and dehydrogenase activities towards five amino acids in free form: two branched-chain (leucine and valine), one sulfur-containing (methionine) and two aromatic (phenylalanine and tryptophan) amino acids. For this purpose, both resting cells (RC) and crude cell-free extracts (CFE) were considered; their lyase and demethiolase activities (towards methionine and -keto- -methiolbutyric acid (KMBA), respectively) were also evaluated. Aminotransferase activity (AT) of RC was ca. 10-fold higher towards Met than towards Leu or Val. No AT activity was found in CFE, although these extracts displayed high dehydrogenase activity (DA) towards Phe, especially L. lactis ssp. lactis and E. faecium. In the case of L. paracasei ssp. paracasei and L. mesenteroides ssp. dextranicum, they showed high DA activity, which was ca. 10-fold higher towards Met than towards Leu or Val. E. faecium displayed high oxidase activity towards Met, and produced nine-fold more methanethiol from Met and five-fold more methanethiol from KMBA than the other three isolates under study

The impact of bioactive textiles on human skin microbiota

In order to support the elevated market demand for the development of textiles with specific benefits for a healthy and safe lifestyle, several bioactive textiles with defined properties, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-odor, and anti-repellent, anti-ultraviolet (UV) radiation, have been proposed. Antimicrobial textiles, particularly, have received special interest considering the search for smart, protective textiles that also impact health and well-being. Although the incorporation of antimicrobials into textile material has been well succeeded, the addition of such components in textile clothing can influence the balance of the skin microbiota of the wearer. While most antimicrobial textiles have demonstrated good biocompatibility and antimicrobial performance against bacteria, fungi, and viruses, some problems such as textile biodegradation, odor, and dissemination of unwanted microorganisms might arise. However, little is known about the impact of such antimicrobial textile-products on human skin microbiota. To address this issue, the present review, for the first time, gives an overview about the main effects of antimicrobial textiles, i.e., antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral, on skin microbiota while driving future investigation to elucidate their putative clinical relevance and possible applications according to their impact on skin microbiota. This knowledge may open doors for the development of more microbiota friendly textiles or antimicrobial textile-products able to target specific populations of the skin microbiota aiming to alleviate skin disorders, malodor, and allergies by avoiding the growth and spread of pathogenic microorganisms.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Relationships between flavour and microbiological profiles in Serra da Estrela cheese throughout ripening

Cheeses manufactured in certi"ed dairies in the Portuguese region of Serra da Estrela, using refrigerated and non-refrigerated raw sheep milk, were quantitatively evaluated in terms of indigenous micro#ora and volatile compounds during a ripening period of up to 6 mo. Viable counts were obtained for lactococci, lactobacilli, leuconostoc, enterococci, yeasts, Enterobacteriaceae and staphylococci; analyses of volatiles were performed by chromatography after solid-phase micro-extraction. Treatment of all analytical data produced by principal component analysis revealed correlations between the major microbial groups present in cheese and patterns of volatiles generated. End products resulting from the degradation of sugars, free amino acids and glycerides constituted the predominant volatiles of Serra da Estrela cheeses. Among volatile, short-chain carboxylic acids detected were acetic, propionic, iso-butyric and iso-valeric acids; these compounds are known to be breakdown products of Gly, Ala and Ser, of Thr, of Val, and of Ile, respectively, following oxidative deamination. Semi-volatile fatty acids and their corresponding ethyl esters appeared in the cheese, probably as a result of the activity of lipases produced by yeasts and Enterobacteriaceae. These ethyl esters, which are responsible for fruity #avours, were especially pronounced in cheeses manufactured from refrigerated milk

Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of chitosan on the oral pathogen Candida albicans

Oral candidiasis is particularly evident, not only in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, but also in elderly people with xerostomy. In general, Candida is an opportunistic pathogen, causing infections in immunocompromised people and, in some cases, when the natural microbiota is altered. Chitosan, a natural derivative of chitin, is a polysaccharide that has been proven to possess a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity that encompasses action against fungi, yeast and bacteria. While recent studies have revealed a significant antibiofilm activity upon several microorganisms, including C. albicans, little is known regarding the impact of chitosan upon the adhesive process or mature biofilms. With that in mind, the purpose of this work was to evaluate, in vitro, the capability of chitosan to inhibit C. albicans growth and biofilm formation. The results obtained showed that chitosan is capable of inhibiting C. albicans planktonic growth (HMW, 1 mg/mL; LMW, 3 mg/mL). Regarding biofilm growth, chitosan inhibited C. albicans adhesion (ca. 95%), biofilm formation (percentages above 90%) and reduced mature biofilms by ca. 65% and dual species biofilms (C. albicans and S. mutans) by ca. 70%. These results display the potential of this molecule to be used as an effective anti-Candida agent capable of acting upon C. albicans infections.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio