Flow cytometry analysis considering distinct phenotypical kinetics of monocytes (SSC^intermediateCD14^hight+) taking into account the non-infected dogs (NID), immunohistochemistry (IHQ) and xenodiagnosis (XENO) results.

<p>Panel A and B represent geometric mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) of CD11b and MHC II, inside previously select monocyte subpopulation, taking into consideration NID (n = 5) <i>versus</i> double positive XENO⁺/IHQ⁺ (n = 21) <i>versus</i> double negative XENO⁻/IHQ⁻ (n = 16) results. Panel C and D represent the percentage of fluorescent cells within the population CD11bFITC⁺.TLR2PE⁺ and CD11bFITC⁺.MHCIIPE⁺ considering NID (n = 5) <i>versus</i> double positive IHQ⁺/XENO⁺ (n = 21) <i>versus</i> double negative IHQ⁻/XENO⁻ (n = 16) results. MFI and Parent frequencies of constituent groups: CD11b - NID (mean =  24.016, 50^th percentile = 22.350), Xeno⁺/IHQ⁺ (mean = 10.83, 50^th percentile = 9.700), Xeno⁻/IHQ⁻ (mean = 19.23, 50^th percentile = 15.320); MHC class II - NID (mean = 14.32, 50^th percentile = 14.04), Xeno⁺/IHQ⁺ (mean = 30.35, 50^th percentile = 29.03), Xeno⁻/IHQ⁻ (mean = 61.64, 50^th percentile = 68.23); CD11b⁺.TLR2⁺ - NID (mean = 0.3276, 50^th percentile = 0.2500), Xeno⁺/IHQ⁺ (mean = 0.2687, 50^th percentile = 0.1410), Xeno⁻/IHQ⁻ (mean = 0.4806, 50^th percentile = 0.4620); CD11b⁺.MHCII⁺ - NID (mean = 0.4492, 50^th percentile = 0.4600), Xeno⁺/IHQ⁺ (mean = 0.3851, 50^th percentile = 0.4200), Xeno⁻/IHQ⁻ (mean = 0.5765, 50^th percentile = 0.5755). Significant differences, at a level of 5% of probability (p<0.05), between cohorts are identified by the lower case letter (a, b and c) through Kruskal-Wallis and One-way ANOVA</p

Identification of monocytes subpopulation of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in naturally infected dogs with <i>Leishmania (L.) infantum.</i>

<p>Panel A has depicted the gate of monocytes based on SSC <i>versus</i> CD14/FL3 expression dot plot (SSC^intermediateCD14^hight+) subpopulation; Panel B, geometric mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) of CD11b <i>versus</i> cells number (previous subpopulation selection). Panel C (representative dotplot) showing gates that were set, based on negative controls (cell and isotype)</p

Nitric Oxide (NO) plasma levels of non-infected dogs (NID) and naturally infected dogs with <i>Leishmania (L.) infantum</i>, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

<p>As an indirect measurement of NO production, the Griess reaction was used to determine the nitrite levels. These results are expressed in micromolar (µM). A comparison inside groups NID (mean = 21.93 µM) and dogs IHQ and XENO double positive (IHQ⁺/XENO⁺) (mean = 24.11 µM) or negative IHQ⁻/XENO⁻ (mean = 39.19 µM) was carried out. Significant differences, at a level of 5% of probability (p<0.05), between cohorts are identified by the lower case letter (a) through Kruskal-Wallis Test (p = 0.0358)</p

Quantitative study by Real Time PCR (RT-PCR) of the skin tissue parasite load.

<p>Dogs naturally infected with <i>Leishmania (L.) chagasi</i> of double positive XENO⁺/IHQ⁺ (n = 17) <i>versus</i> double negative XENO-/IHQ- (n = 16) groups were analyzed. The load was carried out using RT-PCR with primers specific for a simple-copy gene of DNA polymerase of <i>Leishmania chagasi.</i> Xeno⁺/IHQ⁺ (mean =  5.440.292,60), Xeno⁻/IHQ⁻ (mean =  1.495,217). Significant differences, at a level of 5% of probability, between cohorts were identified by the lower case letter (a) through Mann-Whitney Test.</p

Comparison between the results of immunohistochemistry (IHQ) and xenodiagnosis (XENO) in forty-eight dogs naturally infected with <i>Leishmania (L.) infantum</i>, in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

<p>Comparison between the results of immunohistochemistry (IHQ) and xenodiagnosis (XENO) in forty-eight dogs naturally infected with <i>Leishmania (L.) infantum</i>, in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</p

Clinical findings of forty-eight dogs naturally infected with <i>Leishmania (L.) infantum</i>, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

<p>Clinical findings of forty-eight dogs naturally infected with <i>Leishmania (L.) infantum</i>, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</p