Demographic and clinical characteristics of study population.

<p>Demographic and clinical characteristics of study population.</p

Anti TB drug resistance profile of TB patients with Drug Susceptibility results.

a<p>11 patients had unknown previous treatment.</p

Proportion of Symptomatic Inpatients with Culture confirmed Tuberculosis and MDR-TB by hospital and District of KwaZulu-Natal.

<p>Patients were defined as symptomatic if they were coughing on the day of sampling. The diameter of the circles representing hospitals is proportional to the proportion of all culture positive patients with MDR-TB. The shading of the circles shows whether the hospitals were adjacent to Church of Scotland Hospital (CoSH) at Tugela Ferry. The figures in brackets at each hospital indicate the proportion (%) of all sampled patients who were culture positive and the proportion who had confirmed MDR-TB.</p

Proportion of Culture Positive and MDR-TB Inpatients by hospital proximity to Church of Scotland Hospital.

CoSHa<p>refers to Church of Scotland Hospital at Tugela Ferry. Adjacent to CoSH corresponds to 8 hospitals in sub-districts neighbouring CoSH. Not adjacent to CoSH corresponds to 10 hospitals at locations not neighbouring CoSH. Culture positive is the number and percentage of sampled individuals with culture positive tuberculosis.</p>MDRb<p>is the number and percentage of sampled individuals with rifampicin and isoniazid resistance including XDR-TB.</p

Microbiology results for two phases of the study for all sampled inpatients.

<p>The symbols N^a and %^b correspond to the total number and percentage of sampled patients with the indicated result. Culture^c is a composite result of MGIT and 7H11 agar. Culture Positive refers to growth of <i>M. tuberculosis</i> on either media, and culture other to negative on both media or no result. MDR^d is resitance to both rifampicin and isoniazid and is inclusive of XDR.</p

Analysis of factors associated with MDR.

<p>Analysis of factors associated with MDR.</p

Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of MDR-TB patients (N = 1038).

<p>Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of MDR-TB patients (N = 1038).</p

Neighbour joining trees and Highlighter plots of longitudinal HIV-1 gag diversity from recently infected individuals.

<p>(A) Neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree of longitudinal (from 14 days to 1 year post infection) <i>gag</i> sequences from 22 recently infected HIV-1 participants and consensus subtype C reference sequence from the HIV database (<a href="http://www.hiv.lanl.gov" target="_blank">www.hiv.lanl.gov</a>). Gag sequences from the earliest time point are shown in red circles and in blue circles at 1 year post infection. (*) denotes samples sequenced later than 14 days post infection (AS3–0513, AS2–1037, AS2–0802, AS2–0945 and AS1–0876 were sequenced at 28, 34, 35, 46 and 101 days post-infection respectively). (B) Participant AS3_0513 with a highly homogeneous <i>gag</i> sequence population at screening (∼28 days post infection) displaying limited structure on a tree (left) and little or no nucleotide changes from the intrapatient consensus at 28 days post infection. (C) Participant AS3_0767 infected with four closely related <i>gag</i> populations based on the clustering of sequences. Heterogeneous, multiple variant <i>gag</i> sequences population at 14 days post infection visually represented by a phylogenetic tree (left) with extensive branching topology and Highlighter plots (right) with diverse pattern of nucleotide base mutations compared to consensus. Nucleotide polymorphisms are indicated by a colored tic mark (thymine in red, adenine in green, cytosine in blue and guanine in orange) and deletions are shown by gray tics in the Highlighter plots. (★) denotes the consensus sequence obtained from the earliest time point sequences.</p

Cost per MDR-TB patient treated for each care model in 2014 US dollars (USD)^* (N = 1038).

<p>Cost per MDR-TB patient treated for each care model in 2014 US dollars (USD)^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0196003#t005fn001" target="_blank">*</a>} (N = 1038).</p

Models of care for MDR-TB patients in KwaZulu-Natal 2009–2012.

<p>Models of care for MDR-TB patients in KwaZulu-Natal 2009–2012.</p