N-[(E)-3,4-Dimeth­oxy­benzyl­idene]-2,3-dimethyl­aniline

In the title compound, C17H19NO2, the aromatic rings are oriented at a dihedral angle of 59.27 (12)°. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of weak C—H⋯O inter­actions generate R 2 2(12) loops

5-[(E)-(2-Fluoro­benzyl­idene)amino]-2-hy­droxy­benzoic acid

In the title compound, C14H10FNO3, the dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 32.66 (14)°. An S(6) ring motif is formed due to an intra­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond between the hy­droxy and carbonyl groups. In the crystal, mol­ecules are consolidated into dimers with R 2 2(8) ring motifs by pairs of O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

N-{(E)-[4-(Dimethyl­amino)­phen­yl]methyl­idene}-2,3-dimethyl­aniline

There are two independent mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C17H20N2, in which the dihedral angles between the aromatic rings are 30.34 (11) and 41.44 (8)°. In the crystal, weak C—H⋯π inter­actions may help to establish the packing

An Empirical Analysis of the Relationship between International Trade and Quality of Life

Ever increasing trade restrictions have severe consequences for the quality of human life. Since improving the quality of life (QoL) is the core of economic development, therefore, it is important to investigate the factors affecting it. International trade is an important factor which affects QoL. Therefore, the current study is an attempt to analyze the nexus of international trade and QoL in the member countries of the United Nation Development Program (UNDP). Since QoL is a subjective measure, therefore, human development index (HDI) was used to empirically measure it. Data of 184 UNDP member countries for a period of 28 years (1990-2017) was analyzed in the current study. Both cross-sectional and panel data analysis techniques were used. The results indicated that international trade positively affects QoL. Hence, it was concluded that instead of remaining a closed economy, countries should promote international trade to improve the QoL of their people

An Invariant Dual-beam Snowflake Antenna for Future 5G Communications

A broadband snowflake antenna for future 5G and millimeter-wave communications is presented. The proposed antenna has a size of 8 × 5 mm 2 . The antenna consists of a central hexagon surrounded by a series of symmetrically placed smaller hexagons around it, resulting in broadband characteristics. The impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna ranges from 25.284-29.252 GHz. The antenna has a gain of 3.12 dBi at 28 GHz and is more than 98% efficient. A distinct feature of the proposed antenna is its dual-beam radiation pattern. The two beams remain fixed at ±50° even if the frequency is varied with in its operating band. The proposed antenna is modelled on thin Rogers substrate which makes it very useful for future 5G smart phones

2,3-Dimethyl-N-[(E)-2,4,5-trimeth­oxy­benzyl­idene]aniline

In the title compound, C18H21NO3, the C=N bond has a trans conformation and the benzene rings are oriented at a dihedral angle of 61.32 (6)°. The C atoms of the three meth­oxy groups are all roughly coplanar with their attached ring [deviations = 0.219 (2), −0.097 (2) and −0.137 (2) Å]. In the crystal, a weak C—H⋯π inter­action may help to establish the packing

(2Z)-2-[(2,3-Dimethyl­phen­yl)imino]-1,2-diphenyl­ethanone

In the title compound, C22H19NO, the 2,3-dimethyl­anilinic group is planar with an r.m.s. deviation of 0.0226 Å. The phenyl rings with the carbonyl and imine substituents are also planar with r.m.s. deviations of 0.0019 and 0.0048 Å, respectively. These phenyl rings are oriented at dihedral angles of 74.70 (5) and 79.43 (5)°, respectively, with the 2,3-dimethyl­anilinic group, whereas the dihedral angle between them is 88.28 (4)°. Weak intra­molecular C—H⋯N hydrogen bonding occurs and completes an S(5) ring motif in the mol­ecule. In the crystal, weak π–π inter­actions are present between the carbonyl-containing phenyl rings at a centroid–centroid distance of 3.5958 (12) Å. C—H⋯π inter­actions between the 2,3-dimethyl­anilinic and the carbonyl-containing phenyl rings are also present, where the C—H group is from the former

Knowledge, attitude and practices towards eye care, among primary health care workers in District Ckakwal.

Introduction: Despite the fact, that an estimated 80% of worldwide blindness is preventable or treatable, the number of individuals living with blindness or impaired vision is on a rise. According to epidemiological data, worldwide over 2.2 billion people are blind or have impaired vision and 90% of them live in underdeveloped countries. A large number of people consult primary health care workers for their health issues, whether it is general illness or eye problems. Objectives: To assess the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) of Primary Health Care workers with regard to Primary Eye Care (PEC) in District Chakwal, Pakistan. Methodology: A Quantitative Cross-sectional study design, using a Random Sampling technique was employed. Participants in the study were given a standardized semi-structured questionnaire to fill out. The questionnaire included questions on primary health care providers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices about PEC. The data were analyzed by using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 26. Results: Among the total of 232 Primary Health Care workers 73.7% were below 40 years of age. The majority of primary health care workers were female (60.8%). About 40.9% were having diplomas. The majority of workers (58.6%) had less than 5 years of experience as a Primary Health Care worker. Most of them (60%) had sufficient knowledge about the causes of eye diseases or injuries and (40.8%) had knowledge about conditions that may result in eye illnesses or injuries. The attitude toward referral of patients to medical doctors was 51.2%. The practices regarding method and approach for the treatment of eye diseases, of the majority of workers (58.9%) were not satisfactory. Conclusion: Knowledge regarding causes of eye diseases, diagnosis, and methods of treatment were not satisfactory amongst the primary health care workers. A positive attitude was noted for the will to improve the knowledge of eye care. The research revealed, the requirement for a training program for primary health care workers regarding modern primary eye care

Competitiveness among Asian Exporters in the World Rice Market.

With the gradual reduction in trade barriers led by the process of globalisation, more emphasis is now being placed on promoting export competitiveness. Asia is the home of many of the world’s top rice exporters. The food-price crisis has divided Asia into “rice haves” and “rice have-nots”. In order to describe the processes involved in securing and maintaining international competitiveness in rice exports, the present study has used the Balassa and White indices of revealed comparative advantage and revealed competitive advantage respectively. Results have revealed that Pakistan is the most competitive country in rice trade and ranks first in both agricultural product trade and total merchandise exports. JEL classification: C12, C43, Q17 Keywords: Asian Countries, Competitiveness, Revealed Comparative Advantage, Revealed Competitive Advantage