Assessment of Yield and Agronomic Traits of New Variety of Lentil (lens culinaris medik.)-“Chakwal Masoor” in Pothowar Plateau of Pakistan

A study was initiated in Pothowar Plateau of Pakistan to identify high yielding, disease and drought tolerant lentil genotype from the available genetic stock of lentil. A genotype was selected from Lentil International F3 nursery and designated as 98CL008. During Preliminary Yield Trial, the genotype 98CL008 produced 60% and 52.9% higher seed yield than the check varieties Masoor-85 and Masoor-93 respectively. In Regular and Micro Yield Trials the genotype produced 16% and 48% higher yield than the standard check variety of Masoor-93 respectively. On three year average basis in National Uniform Yield Trials the genotype produced 25% and 32% higher seed yield as compared to check varieties NM-2006 and Masoor-93 respectively. High yield potential, better morphological features and tolerance against diseases were the major attributes that led to adoption of genotype 98CL008 with the commercial nomenclature of “Chakwal Masoor” Keywords: Lentil, Genotype, Performance, Rainfed, Chakwal Masoor

Psoas abscess masquerading as a prosthetic hip infection: A case report

Introduction: Psoas abscess is an unusual condition and is defined as a collection of pus in the iliopsoas compartment. Due to the unique anatomy of psoas muscle it forms a conduit for spread of infection from upper part of body to hip joint in neglected cases.Case Presentation: A 67year old lady presented with left groin pain for three weeks. She underwent an uncemented unipolar hemiarthoplasty eight years back. Currently, she developed fever and was unable to do any active left hip range of motion. Passive motion of the left hip was restricted to 30° flexion, no internal rotation, 5° external rotation, and 10° abduction. Lab workup showed raised serum infective markers and radiographs of pelvis were normal with no evidence of any radiolucency. Ultrasound guided aspiration of left hip joint showed E coli. Arthrotomy revealed clear fluid in hip joint but pus was drained at psoas insertion. Later on, culture reported presence of E. coli and biopsy confirmed psoas abscess. Postoperatively CT scan abdomen showed pyelonephritis. Antibiotics were given for three months. Twenty months later, she remains asymptomatic without evidence of infection with normal gait.Discussion: Psoas abscess is a rare clinical entity that may mimic symptoms of a primary prosthetic hip infection. Treatment outcomes are directly related to early detection with adequate dissection of the psoas muscle up to sites of attachment and complete eradication of infection.Conclusion: This case highlights importance of thorough initial clinical examination, lab workup and radiological assessment to rule out rare causes of hip joint pain

Characters Association Analysis in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

Twenty genotypes of safflower was evaluated to study the genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficients and path effects of yield related traits on grain yield during rabi cropping season 2011-12 at Barani Agricultural Research Institute, Chakwal, Pakistan. Grain yield (kg/ha) correlated significantly and positively with plant height, boll diameter, number of grains per boll, 1000 grain weight and days to maturity. Thus these characters are the key yield contributing attributes to be given selection pressure for improving yield. The result of path analysis showed highest and positive direct effect of number of grains per boll followed by 1000 grain weight and plant height on grain yield (kg/ha). Key words: Genotypic correlations, phenotypic correlation, path analysis, safflowe

Effectiveness of NA External Fixator with T-clamp in treating Open proximal and Distal Fractures of Tibia

Objective: To compare the outcomes of the open proximal and distal fractures of tibia treated by Nasser Awais External Fixator with T-clamp. Methodology: This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of orthopaedics Nishtar hospital, Multan in one year duration from July 2016 to July 2017. Study was started after ethical approval from hospital ethical board. Collected data of all patients was entered in SPSS software version 23 and analyzed. Mean and SD was calculated for quantitative data like age, frequency and percentages were calculated for qualitative data gender. Chi square was applied to see association of outcome variables with other variables and confounder. P value ≤ 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Overall, there were 100% (n=180) patients; 50% (n=90) in each of the two groups. Clinical results were excellent in 88.9% (n=80) patients, good in 7.8% (n=7) patients and fair in 3.3% (n=3) patients in group A. While, in group B, the clinical results were excellent in 83.3% (n=75) patients, good in 10% (n=9) patients and fair in 6.7% (n=6) patients. No association was found between clinical results and the groups (χ2= 1.411 DF = 2, P value=0.494). Conclusion: Nasser Awais External Fixator with T-Clamp is a safe and effective technique that enhances the union rate with a low complication rate with less union time in distal tibial fracture compared to proximal fracture. Keywords: NAEF, Tibia, Open proximal, T Clamp, External Fixator.

Genetics And Interrelationship of Yield and Yield Related Attributes in Some Genotypes of Safflower (Carthamus Tinctorius L.) Under Rainfed Conditions

In order to estimate variability, heritability, genetic advance and relationship of grain yield with other yield related attributes, the experiments were carried out in field research Area of Barani Agricultural Research Institute, Chakwal, Pakistan during two rabi growing seasons 2011-12 and 2012-13. The experimental materials were comprised of 40 genotypes of safflower and were sown in randomized complete block design with three replications each year. The analysis of variance showed that all the safflower genotypes were significantly different for all the traits studied except days to physiological maturity. Among the attributes studied the estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were generally higher than the genetic coefficient of variation (GCV).  Highest GCV was found in grain filing rate plant-1 (49.34 & 48.25) followed by seed yield plant-1 (49.09 & 48.18) during 2011-12 & 2012-13 respectively. Grain filing rate plant-1 showed maximum PCV (49.78 & 48.96) followed by seed yield plant-1 (49.64 & 49.44) during both years (2011-12 & 2012-13) respectively. The high heritability coupled with high genetic advance was measured in biological yield plant-1, harvest index (%), number of heads plant-1, and seed yield plant-1. These results revealed that high estimates of heritability and genetic advance for these traits would be helpful for the plant breeders to select the suitable combination and to achieve the enviable level of seed yield potential in safflower under arid environment conditions. The correlation results of two year studies revealed that seed yield plant-1 had significant and positive relationship with days to maturity, plant height, biological yield plant-1, number of seeds head-1, 1000-grain weight, grain filing rate plant-1, effective head weight, number of primary branches  plant-1 and plant height. On the other hand, days to 50% flowering, days to physiological maturity, number of seeds head-1, seed weight head-1 and 1000- grain weight showed low heritability with low genetic advance. Key words: Safflower, Rainfed, Variability, Heritability, Genetic Advance, Correlatio

Association Analysis in Linseed (Linum Usitatissimum L.)

Fifteen advanced lines of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) were evaluated to identify the relationship of grain yield and its related attributes during 2010-11 at Barani Agricultural Research Institute, Chakwal, Pakistan. Grain yield (kg/ha) had significant and positive association with plant height, number of primary branches plant-1, number of capsule plant-1, number of grains capsule-1 and 1000 grain weight both at genotypic and phenotypic levels. Therefore focusing on these traits would improve breeding efficiency of linseed in the future breeding programs. Path analysis demonstrated that plant height, number of primary branches plant-1, number of capsule plant-1, number of grains capsule-1 and 1000 grain weight had the positive direct effect in determining the grain yield (kg/ha) in linseed. According to these results, breeding for high grain yielding cultivars of linseed, number of capsule plant-1 should be kept in mind firstly followed by 1000 grain weight, number of grains capsule-1, number of primary branches plant-1and plant height. Key Words: genotypic correlation, phenotypic correlation, path analysis, Linsee

The Point Prevalence, Etiological and Hemato-Biochemical Investigations of Post-Parturient Haemoglobinuria (PPHU) in Buffalo Population in Tehsil Bhalwal, Pakistan

The current study was designed to explore all possible etiological features including mineral composition of soil and their effects on hemato-biochemical profile in buffaloes suffering from post-parturient hemoglobinuria. The total 384 buffaloes were randomly selected from Tehsil Bhalwal, District Sargodha, Pakistan. The post parturient hemoglobinuria was observed during the period of four months, from November 2016 to February 2017. The parameters including point prevalence of PPHU and hemato-biochemical profile were investigated. The data was analyzed using T-test and regression analysis through SPSS software. Out of 384 animals, 40 (10.4%) were confirmed with PPHU. All hemato-biochemical profile showed significant difference between healthy and affected groups instead mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), serum calcium and glucose, which were not significant. Vital signs including pulse and respiration showed significant difference but heart rate was found non-significant between both groups. The results regarding mineral analysis of the soil showed significant difference in phosphorus and copper and non-significant difference in calcium and molybdenum. Moreover, strong positive correlation was associated with phosphorus and molybdenum level while moderate positive correlation was attributed to the calcium and copper level in the soil. It is concluded that post parturient hemoglobinuria in buffaloes of Tehsil Bhalwal was associated with variation of soil composition, particularly the deficiency of phosphorus which is main cause of hemoglobinuria. It is necessary to fulfill the minerals requirement of soil and animal’s feed to overcome the problems of PPHU in affected areas.

Performance Based Evaluation and Selection of Different Promising Lines of Rapeseed (Brassica Napus L.) for the Shattering Tolerance

To evaluate the ten promising lines of Brassica napus against the shattering tolerance, the experiments were carried out in split plot design in the research area of Barani Agricultural Research Institute; Chakwal, Pakistan during two rabi growing season 2011-12 & 2012-13 under rainfed conditions. The main plot was harvested in five different harvesting dates including: HarD1 = Harvesting at physiological maturity of crop, HarD2= 7 days after the first harvesting of each promising line, HarD3= 15 days after the first harvesting of each promising line, HarD4= 21 days after the first harvesting of each promising line, HarD5= 30 days after the first harvesting of each promising line. The difference of grain yield (kg/ha) of each promising line in different harvesting dates with compare to its grain yield (kg/ha) in first harvesting date (HarD1-HarDi) were measured as indices of shattering. The combine analysis of variance of two year revealed that all the promising lines were significant different for harvesting date, harvesting date x promising lines interaction effect and also year and its interaction effects to each study factors. In the present experiment, the promising line 12CBN008 & 10CBN004 had grain yield 1089 kg/ha & 897 kg/ha respectively. The significant difference of genotypes x harvesting dates confirmed different level of shattering of all promising lines in different harvesting dates. The magnitude of grain yield shattering loss was increased in 4th and 5th harvesting dates. On the basis of shattering tolerance among all the promising lines the 11CBN010 was more tolerant to shattering and 11CBN005 were relatively more susceptible to shattering. Keywords: Rapeseed, Harvesting date, Shattering toleranc

Antioxidant Effect of Ocimum basilicum Essential Oil and Its Effect on Cooking Qualities of Supplemented Chicken Nuggets

A commonly observed chicken meat issue is its lipid oxidation that leads to deterioration of its organoleptic and nutritional properties and its further-processed products. Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is one of the traditional culinary herbs exhibiting food preservation properties. The current study investigated the essential oil composition, antioxidant activity and in vitro cytotoxic capacity of the essential oil of basil indigenous to Pakistan. GC–MS analysis of the essential oil revealed the presence of 59 compounds that constituted 98.6% of the essential oil. O. basilicum essential oil (OB-EO) exhibited excellent antioxidant activity, i.e., IC50 5.92 ± 0.15 µg/mL as assayed by the DPPH assay, 23.4 ± 0.02 µmoL Fe/g by FRAP, and 14.6 ± 0.59% inhibition by H2O2. The brine shrimp lethality assay identified an average mortality of ~18% with OB-EO at 10–1000 µg/mL, while that of the same concentration range of the standard drug (etoposide) was 72%. OB-EO was found to be non-toxic to HeLa and PC-3 cell lines. TBARS contents were significantly decreased with increase of OB-EO in chicken nuggets. The lowest TBARS contents were recorded in nuggets supplemented with 0.3% OB-EO, whereas the highest overall acceptability score was marked to the treatments carrying 0.2% OB-EO. The results suggest OB-EO as a promising carrier of bioactive compounds with a broad range of food preservation properties, and which has a sensory acceptability threshold level for chicken nuggets falling between 0.2-0.3% supplementation. Future research must investigate the antibacterial impact of OB-EO on meat products preserved with natural rather than synthetic preservatives