Hypertension and its correlates among pregnant women consuming tobacco in India: Findings from the National Family health Survey-4

Background: Hypertension (high blood pressure) during pregnancy has significant implications on maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Tobacco use during pregnancy amplifies this burden and increases the risk of hypertensive disorders along with adverse birth outcomes. The current study aimed to evaluate the joint risk atpopulation-level of tobacco use and hypertension among pregnant women in India. Methodology: Data of 32,428 “currently pregnant” women aged 15–49 years was obtained from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4) 2015-16to estimate bivariate (tobacco user vs. non-user) and binomial logistic regression analysis in order to get odds ratios of having hypertension. The analysis included socio-demographic variables such as the respondent’s age, type of residence, wealth index, and education status. Results: Prevalence of hypertension among pregnant tobacco users (7.5%) was significantly higher than that of non-users (6.1%). The unadjusted odds of having hypertension were 1.17 (95% CI: 1.02–1.35) times among tobacco users than non-users and increased with age (p 0.05; NS) and wealth quintile (p = 0.01).Conclusion: The present study identifies the higher co-existence of hypertension among tobacco-using pregnant women and highlights the need for tobacco control/cessation and hypertension prevention and management during pregnancy considering socio-demographic disparities.</p

Additional file 1: of Are they there yet? Linkage of patients with tuberculosis to services for tobacco cessation and alcohol abuse – a mixed methods study from Karnataka, India

Interview guide. The Additional file 1 contains the interview guide which was used to collect qualitative data by patient interviews and key informant interviews of health care providers. (DOCX 17 kb

Evaluating Awareness and Practices Pertaining to Radioactive Waste Management among Scrap Dealers in Delhi, India

<div><p>Objectives</p><p>With nuclear technology rapidly taking the spotlight in the last 50 years, radiation accidents seem to be a harsh reality of the modern world. The Mayapuri Radiation accident of 2010 was the worst radiation accident India has yet dealt with. Two years thereafter, we designed a study to assess the awareness and practices regarding radioactive waste among scrap dealers aiming to assess deficiencies in radiation disaster preparedness.</p><p>Methodology</p><p>A community based cross-sectional study. The study population consisted of 209 volunteers (from 108 scrap dealerships) including 108 shop-owners and 101 workers segregated as Group A consisting of 54 dealerships in Mayapuri and Group B of 54 dealerships from the rest of the city. Subjects were then interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire.</p><p>Results</p><p>Awareness about radioactive waste varied significantly with level of education (p = 0.024), Kuppuswamy's socio-economic scale (p = 0.005), age of the scrap dealer (p = 0.049) and his work experience (p = 0.045). The larger dealerships in Mayapuri were more aware about radioactive waste (p = 0.0004), the accident in 2010 (p = 0.0002), the symbol for radiation hazard (p = 0.016), as well as the emergency guidelines and the agencies to contact in the event of a radiation accident.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Our findings seem to signify that while governmental and non-governmental agencies were successful in implementing prompt disaster response and awareness programs, the community continues to be inadequately prepared. These go on to suggest that though concerted awareness and training programs do benefit the affected community, economic and social development is the key to disaster prevention and mitigation.</p></div

Number needed to screen (NNS) for Diabetes mellitus and hypertension according to some selected risk factors.

Number needed to screen (NNS) for Diabetes mellitus and hypertension according to some selected risk factors.</p

Operational definitions of NCD risk factors and NCDs (DM and hypertension).

Operational definitions of NCD risk factors and NCDs (DM and hypertension).</p

Spatial associations for the symbol for radioactive hazard.

<p>Spatial associations for the symbol for radioactive hazard.</p

Comparison of Awareness and Practices regarding Radioactive Waste and its management within and outside Mayapuri.

<p>*Percentages expressed as a fraction of dealers aware about radioactive waste.</p

Chronology of events in the Mayapuri Radiation Accident, 2010.

<p>Chronology of events in the Mayapuri Radiation Accident, 2010.</p

Percieved acceptability and relevance of screening of NCDs and their risk factors amongs TB patients and health providers.

Percieved acceptability and relevance of screening of NCDs and their risk factors amongs TB patients and health providers.</p

NCD risk factors and NCDs detected among TB patients aged ≥20 years treated at 2 DOTS centres in Delhi, India between Oct 2016 –Mar 2017.

NCD risk factors and NCDs detected among TB patients aged ≥20 years treated at 2 DOTS centres in Delhi, India between Oct 2016 –Mar 2017.</p