115 research outputs found
Nature of Philosophy
The aim of this paper is to examine the nature, scope and importance of philosophy in the light of its relation to other disciplines.
This work pays its focus on the various fundamental problems of philosophy, relating to Ethics, Metaphysics, Epistemology Logic,
and its association with scientific realism. It will also highlight the various facets of these problems and the role of philosophers to
point out the various issues relating to human issues. It is widely agreed that philosophy as a multi-dimensional subject that shows
affinity to others branches of philosophy like, Philosophy of Science, Humanities, Physics and Mathematics, but this paper also
seeks, a philosophical nature towards the universal problems of nature. It evaluates the contribution and sacrifices of the great
sages of philosophers to promote the clarity and progress in the field of philosophy
Leveraging on Consumer Ethnocentrism: A Potential Strategic Tool for Future Marketers
Current phenomena of globalization is changing the world economy at an accelerating pace as the domestic consumption basket of an average household now comprises of wide varieties of goods and services being marketed by companies located in different parts of the world. In this regard, it has become necessary to assess the consumer preferences for different types of domestic and foreign products. Industrial revolution followed by the phenomena of globalization and liberalization have not only led to the exponential growth of world trade but also played significant role in convergence of economic ideologies. Furthermore, technological innovations have created virtual character of markets offering a wide choice to make or buy decisions which maximizes consumer welfare. Keeping in view the pace of integration of world economies, the formal tariff barriers are likely to be reduced considerably but the informal tariff barriers will continue to have the wide scope in the international markets and as such ethnocentrism may play a crucial role in global market place. The present study is undertaken in Jammu and Kashmir state, India using multistage sampling method and is focused on to assess the ethnocentric tendencies of Indian consumers particularly the younger generation so as to suggest the measures for domestic and international marketers to widen their market base. Keywords: Globalization, Economic Integration, Consumer Ethnocentrism, Markets
A critical relation between mind and logic in the philosophy of wittgenstein: An analytical study
This paper deals with the study of the nature of mind, its processes and its relations with the other filed
known as logic, especially the contribution of most notable contemporary analytical philosophy
Ludwig Wittgenstein. Wittgenstein showed a critical relation between the mind and logic. He assumed
that every mental process is logical. Mental field is field of space and time and logical field is a field of
reasoning (inductive and deductive). It is only with the advancement in logic, we are today in the era of
scientific progress and technology. Logic played an important role in the cognitive part or we can say
in the ‗philosophy of mind‘ that this branch is developed only because of three crucial theories i.e.
rationalism, empiricism, and criticism. In this paper, it is argued that innate ideas or truth are equated
with deduction and acquired truths are related with induction. This article also enhance the role of
language in the makeup of the world of mind, although mind and the thought are the terms that are used
by the philosophers synonymously but in this paper they are taken and interpreted differently. It shows
the development in the analytical tradition subjected to the areas of mind and logic and their critical
relation
A study on proposition and sentence in english grammar
Proposition and sentence are two separate entities indicating their specific purposes, definitions and problems. A
proposition is a logical entity. A proposition asserts that something is or not the case, any proposition may be affirmed or
denied, all proportions are either true (1’s) or false (0’s). All proportions are sentences but all sentences are not
propositions. Propositions are factual contains three terms: subject, predicate and copula and are always in indicative or
declarative mood. While sentence is a grammatical entity, a unit of language that expresses a complete thought; a sentence
may express a proposition, but is distinct from the proposition it may be used to express: categories, declarative sentences,
exclamatory, imperative and interrogative sentences. Not all sentences are propositions, propositions express sentence.
Sentence is a proposition only in condition when it bears truth values i.e. true or false. We use English sentences governed
by imprecise rule to state the precise rules of proposition. In logic we use sentence as logical entity having propositional
function but grammatical sentences are different from logical sentences while the former are having only two divisions
namely subject and predicate and may express wishes, orders, surprise or facts and also have multiple subjects and
predicates and the latter must be in a propositional form which states quantity of the subject and the quality of the
proposition and multiple subjects and multiple predicate make the proposition multiple
Wittgenstein on critique of language
This paper tries to determine the philosophical nature of language, its functions, structure and content. It also explains the concept of
natural language, ordinary and ideal language i.e. how there is a need of artificial perfect logical language without errors and
unclearness in that language. This paper further shows the logical form of language with its syntactical, semantical, innate and
acquired criteria for the evaluation of the languages. It deals with the analysis of language to clear what is unclear, to know what is
unknown, to make definite what is vague. In this paper I used the method; logical method for interpretation and argumentation,
analytical method for simplification, and critical method to investigate the real domain of language. This paper does not deal with
ordinary functions of the language but it deals with the conceptual and modular functions of the language. The fundamental aim of
this written up is to determine the analytical approach of Wittgenstein to sketch the ‘language as a tool to discuss the state of affairs
or facts of the worlds that is also what philosophy does. This paper describes the contributions of rationalism and empiricism in the
field of knowing the truths of languag
Chomsky’s Theory of Mind: Concepts and Contents
Nowadays, it is very debatable among philosophers, psychologists, linguists and artificial intelligence scientists that what mind actually is, where it exists and how it works? Chomsky, the great philosopher and the main exponent of cognitive revolution tries to sketch the description of mind, its nature, mental processes, its structure as well as its relation with its other cognitive modules. It also examines innate and acquired knowledge of mind. In this paper, I shall argue about the capacities of the mind, why Chomsky called mind capacity as different from its ability and other faculties. This paper also describes the theories that are connected with the field of mind i.e, mind and language, linguistic mentalism, Modular mind, Cartesian mind, mind-body problem, Philosophical grammar, and thought processes like reasoning and perceptions. Firstly, I shall argue about, does Chomsky consider mind different from brain, consciousness and thought? Secondly, does Chomsky consider mind as a separate concept or he regards it as the constituent of language only? And thirdly, how Chomsky responds to rationalists and empiricists
Hegel’s Idealistic Approach to Philosophy of History
Philosophy of history is the conceptual and technical study of the relation which exists between philosophy and history. This paper
tries to analyze and examine the nature of philosophy of history, its methodology and ideal development. In this I have tried to set the
limits of knowledge to know the special account of Hegel’s idealistic view about philosophy of history. In this paper I have also used
the philosophical methodology and philosophy inquiry, quest and hypothesis to discuss the Hegel’s idealistic concept of philosophy of
history. It also examines and demonstrates the views of other idealist philosophers like, Socrates, Plato and Aristotle. It also shows the
how history of mathematics is a complementary of idealism as most of philosophers who were idealists are also great mathematicians.
In this paper we are investigation the epistemological approach, logical and metaphysical approach to study the nature of history,
meaning of history and structure of history
Reason, Authority and Consciousness: An Analytical Approach to Religious Pluralism
Present world is the victim of conflicts on the basis of misunderstanding of religious dogmas of different
religions, irrationality, ignorance and intolerance. People are moving away from knowledge, truth and reason. Indeed
people accept false beliefs, hallucinations and myths. The role of religious plurality in philosophy is not to integrate and
harmonize religions, especially religions cannot, and rather it is the business of religious pluralism to learn, think and
acquire knowledge about the variety of religious beliefs, statements and injunctions. This paper determines the function of
intelligence/intellect to understand religious pluralism. How and where we make mistake in the plurality of religions. In
this paper there is no issue to describe the conflict between faith and reason however reason is only to think and clear the
ambiguities which we are using either to integrate one religion with another or to refute the religious dogmas of other
religions. That is why authority places a significant part which teaches humans how to use their reason to bring peace,
tranquility and acceptance in the plurality of religions. Mostly the scholar who practicing their religions and without
having the authority and knowledge of other religions they are vehemently criticizing other religions. This paper shows
that what is authority and where to use it. Who are authoritative persons? If authority in one religion is transferred to
another what would happen. What would happen if authority is misrepresented? This paper further illuminates the
concept of rational outlook to modify and learn from different religious; furthermore we can discuss the nature of
consciousness or awareness in exploring religious pluralism. Is it necessary for a person who believes in one religion to
learn another religion in order to resolve the controversies and evils in different religions conditional to authority? The
more we mixing up religions into each other, the more religious conflicts arise. Therefore this paper tries to furnish
people's mind with consciousness about religions realities and state of affair, inculcate world with rational outlook to
ponder, analyze, understand and evaluate as well tolerate and accept the truth and authenticity in the domain of religions.
This study analyzes and stress on the exertion of relative vision in accordance and intimation with reason, authority and
moral consciousness to resolve the conflicts, diversities and issues in the field of religious pluralism
Language and education: A critical approach to Gandhi and Wittgenstein
This paper examines the function of language in the domain of education and it‘s vice versa. As
we are aware of the fact that language and education are endemic elements of human
development and evolution. According to Gandhi, education is the recognition of mind-body,
soul and spirit. It is the attainment of the values through morality and ethics. Gandhi accepts
communicative aspect of language where as Wittgenstein accepts analytical and conceptual
aspect of language. Wittgenstein realized that education is the constituent of what we know,
believe and learn. Gandhi asserts on Mother tongue, primary- secondary languages and national
languages whereas Wittgenstein emphasis on the natural languages, meta-languages and ideal
languages. In this paper I shall demonstrate the problems of language which becomes hurdles in
the process of education. For both Gandhi and Wittgenstein, there are problems not in language
but in its ordinary usage, speaking, writing, meaning and communication
Philosophy and Anthropology: A critical relation
This paper determines the relation between philosophy and anthropology. It further shows the intimate
correspondence on the basis of metaphysics, ethics, epistemology, language, culture and environment.
This paper examines the evolution of anthropology with respect to history of philosophy which
includes; Ancient Greek, Medieval and Modern philosophy. In this write up I assume to show that how
philosophers have interpreted the subject matter anthropology. Since anthropology is the study of
humans and what this science acquires has been explained and clarified in the science of philosophy,
whether it is a metaphysical study of human person, his ethical, aesthetic, rational, environmental,
physical and psychological investigations. This paper exhibits the role and dimensions of humans
within the scope of time, space, environment, existence and languag
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