22-knots with the same knot group but different knot quandles

We give a first example of 2-knots with the same knot group but different knot quandles by analyzing the knot quandles of twist spins. As a byproduct of the analysis, we also give a classification of all twist spins with finite knot quandles.Comment: 11 page

Long Rayleigh length confocal microscope: A fast evaluation tool for obtaining quantum properties of color centers

Color centers in wide band-gap semiconductors, which have superior quantum properties even at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, have been actively applied to quantum sensing devices. Characterization of the quantum properties of the color centers in the semiconductor materials and ensuring that these properties are uniform over a wide area are key issues for developing quantum sensing devices based on color center. In this article, we will describe the principle and performance of a newly developed confocal microscope system with a long Rayleigh length (LRCFM). This system can characterize a wider area faster than the confocal microscope systems commonly used for color center evaluation

Plate : persistent memory management for nonvolatile main memory

Over the past few years, nonvolatile memory has actively been researched and developed. Therefore, studying operating system (OS) designs predicated on the main memory in the form of a nonvolatile memory and studying methods to manage persistent data in a virtual memory are crucial to encourage the widespread use of nonvolatile memory in the future. However, the main memory in most computers today is volatile, and replacing highcapacity main memory with nonvolatile memory is extremely cost-prohibitive. This paper proposes an OS structure for nonvolatile main memory. The proposed OS structure consists of three functions to study and develop OSs for nonvolatile main memory computers. First, a structure, which is called plate, is proposed whereby persistent data are managed assuming that nonvolatile main memory is present in a computer. Second, we propose a persistent-data mechanism to make a volatile memory function as nonvolatile main memory, which serves as a basis for the development of OSs for computers with nonvolatile main memory. Third, we propose a continuous operation control using the persistent-data mechanism and plates. This paper describes the design and implementation of the OS structure based on the three functions on The ENduring operating system for Distributed EnviRonment and describes the evaluation results of the proposed functions

The relationship of perceived discrimination in healthcare and future falls among community-dwelling older persons from an English longitudinal cohort [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]

Background: The objective of this study is to examine the relation between the perceived discrimination suffered by older adults aged 60 and over during a healthcare encounter and its effects on the likelihood of falling 4 and 8 years later.   Methods: To identify discrimination, we used the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) data collected in 2010-2011 (wave 5) that asked respondents about feeling discriminated against by doctors or at hospitals in the past year. Falls were assessed by the question: “Have you fallen down in the last two years?” in subsequent waves. We performed longitudinal analyses using the 2014-2015 (wave 7) and 2018-2019 (wave 9) follow-ups. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios of falling.  Results: At baseline, 707 (15.1%) of all respondents experienced healthcare discrimination. Those suffering from discrimination in health care had 64% higher chances of falling 4 years later (odds ratio: 1.637, 95% confidence interval: 1.131-2.368) compared to those who did not, adjusting for age, sex, marital status, wealth, ethnicity, education levels, self-perceived health, depressive symptoms, and difficulties with basic and/or instrumental activities of daily living (ADL/IADL) and difficulties with walking. After 8 years, the effect was not statistically significant. Older age was the only significant detrimental factor at both 4 and 8 years.   Conclusions: Understanding discrimination in health care is important to enable safe and welcoming environments for the timely future use of services. These results remind us of the physical risk and the complex panorama of bio-psychosocial determinants involved in tackling discrimination over time

Direction of collaborative problem solving-based STEM learning by learning analytics approach.

The purpose of this study was to explore the factors that might affect learning performance and collaborative problem solving (CPS) awareness in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education. We collected and analyzed data on important factors in STEM education, including learning strategy and learning behaviors, and examined their interrelationships with learning performance and CPS awareness, respectively. Multiple data sources, including learning tests, questionnaire feedback, and learning logs, were collected and examined following a learning analytics approach. Significant positive correlations were found for the learning behavior of using markers with learning performance and CPS awareness in group discussion, while significant negative correlations were found for some factors of STEM learning strategy and learning behaviors in pre-learning with some factors of CPS awareness. The results imply the importance of an efficient approach to using learning strategies and functional tools in STEM education