Doing Deals in Japan: An Analysis of Recent Trends & Developments for the U.S. Practitioner

This article examines the process which is currently being played out in Japan by: (i) analyzing the recent changes in Japanese law of relevance to M&A deals, (ii) discussing some recent contested deals in Japan that may shed some light on current market practices, and (iii) providing an overview of the key issues that a U.S. practitioner will likely face when working on a Japanese deal…A good starting point in better understanding the remarkable changes in the Japanese M&A markets is to review the recent amendments to Japanese law, certain policy initiatives by the functional regulators, and other guidelines issued by Japanese government agencies… In concert with the changes in Japanese law, we have seen an increase in the number of contested deals in Japan in recent years…[T]he challenge for the U.S. practitioner is to boil down the complexity of Japanese M&A to a list of key issues that should be reviewed in any transaction which involves Japanese entities…[W]e have set forth some of the main issues under Japanese law and U.S. securities laws that have often come into play in Japanese deals…The current Japanese M&A market presents opportunities for U.S. companies and their advisors that are arguably the most promising in recent history…[G]iven the challenges posed by the opportunities in the Japanese M&A market, the importance of well informed and considered decision-making will be essential in order to ensure that U.S. companies compete and succeed in doing Japanese deals

Brillouin laser-driven terahertz oscillator up to 3 THz with femtosecond-level timing jitter

The terahertz (THz) frequency range, spanning 0.1 to 10 THz, is a field ripe for innovation with vast, developing potential in areas like wireless communication and molecular spectroscopy. Our work introduces a dual-wavelength laser design that utilizes stimulated Brillouin scattering in an optical fiber cavity to effectively generate two highly coherent optical Stokes waves with differential phase noise inherently mitigated. To guarantee robust operation, the Stokes waves are optically injected into their respective pump lasers, which also serves to greatly improve the resulting coherence. The frequency difference between the two wavelengths is converted into THz waves through a uni-traveling-carrier photodiode. This innovative design facilitates the generation of THz waves with phase noise levels of less than -100 dBc/Hz, translating to timing noise below 10~$\mathrm{as} / \sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ at 10 kHz Fourier frequency, over a carrier frequency range from 300 GHz to 3 THz. This development in phase noise reduction establishes a new benchmark in the spectral purity of tunable THz sources. Such advances are pivotal for applications to move beyond oscillator constraints

60 Gbps real-time wireless communications at 300 GHz carrier using a Kerr microcomb

Future wireless communication infrastructure will rely on terahertz systems that can support an increasing demand for large-bandwidth, ultra-fast wireless data transfer. In order to satisfy this demand, compact, low-power, and low noise sources of terahertz radiation are being developed. A promising route to achieving this goal is combining photonic-integrated optical frequency combs with fast photodiodes for difference frequency generation in the THz. Here, we demonstrate wireless communications using a 300 GHz carrier wave generated via photomixing of two optical tones originating from diode lasers that are injection locked to a dissipative Kerr soliton frequency microcomb. We achieve transfer rates of 80 Gbps using homodyne detection and 60 Gbps transmitting simultaneously both data and clock signals in a dual-path wireless link. This experimental demonstration paves a path towards low-noise and integrated photonic millimeter-wave transceivers for future wireless communication systems

シンタイ デザイン ノ レキシ ニ カンスル キソ ケンキュウ ト ソノ オウヨウ

Bodies must be dressed in almost all social encounters. In the Western society social and historical conditions promoted the emergence of fashion, and it is the body that fashion speaks to. The aim of the project is to \u27embody\u27 some of the historical bodies with 3-dimensional images, make some actual models for display on historical garments, and also examine how shape of the body changes in different social conditions. It is also exploring the possibility for new fashion design, such as design for individuals, universal design, smart design, and son

An association between systolic blood pressure and stroke among patients with impaired consciousness in out-of-hospital emergency settings

Background: Stroke is difficult to diagnose when consciousness is disturbed. However few reports have discussed the clinical predictors of stroke in out-of-hospital emergency settings. This study aims to evaluate the association between initial systolic blood pressure (SBP) value measured by emergency medical service (EMS) and diagnosis of stroke among impaired consciousness patients. Methods: We included all patients aged 18 years or older who were treated and transported by EMS, and had impaired consciousness (Japan Coma Scale ≧ 1) in Osaka City (2.7 million), Japan from January 1, 1998 through December 31, 2007. Data were prospectively collected by EMS personnel using a study-specific case report form. Multiple logistic regressions assessed the relationship between initial SBP and stroke and its subtypes adjusted for possible confounding factors. Results: During these 10 years, a total of 1,840,784 emergency patients who were treated and transported by EMS were documented during the study period in Osaka City. Out of 128,678 with impaired consciousness, 106,706 who had prehospital SBP measurements in the field were eligible for our analyses. The proportion of patients with severe impaired consciousness significantly increased from 14.5% in the =200 mmHg SBP group (P for trend =200 mmHg group versus the SBP 101-120 mmHg group was 5.26 (95% CI 4.93 to 5.60). The AOR of the SBP > =200 mmHg group versus the SBP 101-120 mmHg group was 9.76 in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), 16.16 in intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), and 1.52 in ischemic stroke (IS), and the AOR of SAH and ICH was greater than that of IS. Conclusions: Elevated SBP among emergency patients with impaired consciousness in the field was associated with increased diagnosis of stroke

Effectiveness of prehospital Magill forceps use for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to foreign body airway obstruction in Osaka City

Background: Although foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) accounts for many preventable unintentional accidents, little is known about the epidemiology of FBAO patients and the effect of forceps use on those patients. This study aimed to assess characteristics of FBAO patients transported to hospitals by emergency medical service (EMS) personnel, and to verify the relationship between prehospital Magill forceps use and outcomes among out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) patients with FBAO. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed ambulance records of all patients who suffered FBAO, and were treated by EMS in Osaka City from 2000 through 2007, and assessed the characteristics of those patients. We also performed a multivariate logistic-regression analysis to assess factors associated with neurologically favorable survival among bystander-witnessed OHCA patients with FBAO in larynx or pharynx. Results: A total of 2,354 patients suffered from FBAO during the study period. There was a bimodal distribution by age among infants and old adults. Among them, 466 (19.8%) had an OHCA when EMS arrived at the scene, and 344 were witnessed by bystanders. In the multivariate analysis, Magill forceps use for OHCA with FBAO in larynx or pharynx was an independent predictor of neurologically favorable survival (16.4% [24/146] in the Magill forceps use group versus 4.3% [4/94] in the non-use group; adjusted odds ratio, 3.96 [95% confidence interval, 1.21-13.00], p = 0.023).Conclusions: From this large registry in Osaka, we revealed that prehospital Magill forceps use was associated with the improved outcome of bystander-witnessed OHCA patients with FBAO

Association between atmospheric conditions and occurrence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: 10-year population-based survey in Osaka

Kayo Tanigawa-Sugihara, Taku Iwami, Chika Nishiyama, Tetsuhisa Kitamura, Masashi Goto, Masahiko Ando, Tatsuya Nishiuchi, Yasuyuki Hayashi, Takashi Kawamura, Association Between Atmospheric Conditions and Occurrence of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest, Circulation Journal, 2013, Volume 77, Issue 8, Pages 2073-2078, Released July 25, 2013, [Advance publication] Released May 23, 2013, Online ISSN 1347-4820, Print ISSN 1346-9843, https://doi.org/10.1253/circj.CJ-13-0076, https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/circj/77/8/77_CJ-13-0076/_article/-char/e

Feasibility of pupillary light reflex analysis to identify vitamin A deficiency in Japanese black cattle

To produce beef with a higher marbling standard, Japanese black cattle farmers usually actively attempt to lower the serum vitamin A level in the fattening period to a minimum desired level (about 30 IU/dL). However, early identification of suboptimal vitamin A deficiency in the cattle is important to prevent them from becoming susceptible to contracting serious diseases. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of using Pupillary Light Reflex (PLR) analysis to identify vitamin A deficient cattle during this fattening period. PLRs of 43 cattle were recorded monthly from June 2012 to February 2013 using a 2CCD camera based handheld machine vision system. A new image processing algorithm to segment the pupil from the background was developed. Compared with manually selected results, the root mean square error associated with the constriction amplitude (CA) acquired by the image processing algorithm was only 2.3%, indicating the effectiveness of this algorithm. No significant differences were found between results of CA from fattening cattle in the high (>60 IU/dL) and low (<30 IU/dL) vitamin A period. However, two fattening cattle were identified with severe vitamin A deficiency, because of their weak PLR (CA < 10%). Initial Pupil Roundness (IPR) results showed cattle in a dark environment possessed less-dilated pupils during the vitamin A deficient period (p < 0.05). These results highlight the potential, as well as the limitations of this method. Due to the natural variation of PLR in healthy cattle, monthly measurements are not sufficient to make accurate identification. To realize early identification of severe vitamin A deficiency in fattening cattle, a more frequent PLR measurements regime needs to be explored

Conserved Mode of Interaction between Yeast Bro1 Family V Domains and YP(X)nL Motif-Containing Target Proteins

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