117 research outputs found
DCCF: Deep Comprehensible Color Filter Learning Framework for High-Resolution Image Harmonization
Image color harmonization algorithm aims to automatically match the color
distribution of foreground and background images captured in different
conditions. Previous deep learning based models neglect two issues that are
critical for practical applications, namely high resolution (HR) image
processing and model comprehensibility. In this paper, we propose a novel Deep
Comprehensible Color Filter (DCCF) learning framework for high-resolution image
harmonization. Specifically, DCCF first downsamples the original input image to
its low-resolution (LR) counter-part, then learns four human comprehensible
neural filters (i.e. hue, saturation, value and attentive rendering filters) in
an end-to-end manner, finally applies these filters to the original input image
to get the harmonized result. Benefiting from the comprehensible neural
filters, we could provide a simple yet efficient handler for users to cooperate
with deep model to get the desired results with very little effort when
necessary. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of DCCF learning
framework and it outperforms state-of-the-art post-processing method on
iHarmony4 dataset on images' full-resolutions by achieving 7.63% and 1.69%
relative improvements on MSE and PSNR respectively.Comment: ECCV 2022 (Oral
A Kind of New Surface Modeling Method Based on DEM Data
Surface elevation changes greatly in the river erosion area. Due to the limitation of the acquisition equipment and cost, the traditional seismic acquisition data has sparse physical points both horizontally and longitudinally, the density of surface measurement data is not enough to survey the surface structure in detail. With the development of science and technology, and the application of satellite technology, the DEM elevation data obtained from the geographic information system (GIS) are becoming more and more accurate. In this paper, a precise modeling is performed on the surface based on the geographic information from the river erosion area and combined with the results of the surface survey control points, a good effect is achieved.Key words: River erosion area; Geographic information; Similarity coefficient; Kriging interpolation; Surface modeling; High and low frequency static
Suitable grazing during the regrowth period promotes plant diversity in winter pastures in the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT : The original contributions presented in this study are
included in the article/supplementary material, further inquiries
can be directed to the corresponding authors.Vegetation is a crucial component of any ecosystem and to preserve the
health and stability of grassland ecosystems, species diversity is important. The
primary form of grassland use globally is livestock grazing, hence many studies
focus on how plant diversity is affected by the grazing intensity, differential
use of grazing time and livestock species. Nevertheless, the impact of the
grazing time on plant diversity remains largely unexplored. We performed
a field survey on the winter pastures in alpine meadows of the Qinghai-
Tibetan Plateau (QTP) to examine the effects of grazing time on the vegetation
traits. Livestock species, grazing stocking rates and the initiation time of the
grazing were similar, but termination times of the grazing differed. The grazing
termination time has a significant effect on most of the vegetation traits in
the winter pastures. The vegetation height, above-ground biomass, and the
Graminoids biomass was negatively related to the grazing termination time in
the winter pastures. In contrast, vegetation cover and plant diversity initially
increased and subsequently decreased again as the grazing termination time
was extended. An extension of the grazing time did not have any effect
on the biomass of forbs. Our study is the first to investigate the effects
of grazing during the regrowth period on vegetation traits and imply that
the plant diversity is mediated by the grazing termination time during the
regrowth period in winter pastures. These findings could be used to improve
the guidelines for livestock grazing management and policies of summer and
winter pasture grazing of family pastures on the QTP from the perspective of
plant diversity protection.The Fundamental Research Funds of China West Normal University, the Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Program and the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan.http://frontiersin.org/Ecology_and_Evolutionam2023Mammal Research InstituteZoology and Entomolog
Corrigendum: DDX5 and DDX17—multifaceted proteins in the regulation of tumorigenesis and tumor progression
Pathological complete response and long-term clinical benefit in breast cancer: The CTNeoBC pooled analysis
"Background Pathological complete response has been proposed as a surrogate endpoint for prediction of long-term clinical benefit, such as disease-free survival, event-free survival (EFS), and overall survival (OS). We had four key objectives: to establish the association between pathological complete response and EFS and OS, to establish the definition of pathological complete response that correlates best with long-term outcome, to identify the breast cancer subtypes in which pathological complete response is best correlated with long-term outcome, and to assess whether an increase in frequency of pathological complete response between treatment groups predicts improved EFS and OS. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, and Medline for clinical trials of neoadjuvant treatment of breast cancer. To be eligible, studies had to meet three inclusion criteria: include at least 200 patients with primary breast cancer treated with preoperative chemotherapy followed by surgery; have available data for pathological complete response, EFS, and OS; and have a median follow-up of at least 3 years. We compared the three most commonly used definitions of pathological complete response—ypT0 ypN0, ypT0/is ypN0, and ypT0/is—for their association with EFS and OS in a responder analysis. We assessed the association between pathological complete response and EFS and OS in various subgroups. Finally, we did a trial-level analysis to assess whether pathological complete response could be used as a surrogate endpoint for EFS or OS. Findings We obtained data from 12 identified international trials and 11 955 patients were included in our responder analysis. Eradication of tumour from both breast and lymph nodes (ypT0 ypN0 or ypT0/is ypN0) was better associated with improved EFS (ypT0 ypN0: hazard ratio [HR] 0·44, 95% CI 0·39–0·51; ypT0/is ypN0: 0·48, 0·43–0·54) and OS (0·36, 0·30–0·44; 0·36, 0·31–0·42) than was tumour eradication from the breast alone (ypT0/is; EFS: HR 0·60, 95% CI 0·55–0·66; OS 0·51, 0·45–0·58). We used the ypT0/is ypN0 definition for all subsequent analyses. The association between pathological complete response and long-term outcomes was strongest in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (EFS: HR 0·24, 95% CI 0·18–0·33; OS: 0·16, 0·11–0·25) and in those with HER2-positive, hormone-receptor-negative tumours who received trastuzumab (EFS: 0·15, 0·09–0·27; OS: 0·08, 0·03, 0·22). In the trial-level analysis, we recorded little association between increases in frequency of pathological complete response and EFS (R2=0·03, 95% CI 0·00–0·25) and OS (R2=0·24, 0·00–0·70). Interpretation Patients who attain pathological complete response defined as ypT0 ypN0 or ypT0/is ypN0 have improved survival. The prognostic value is greatest in aggressive tumour subtypes. Our pooled analysis could not validate pathological complete response as a surrogate endpoint for improved EFS and OS. Funding US Food and Drug Administration.
Real-time Monitoring for the Next Core-Collapse Supernova in JUNO
Core-collapse supernova (CCSN) is one of the most energetic astrophysical
events in the Universe. The early and prompt detection of neutrinos before
(pre-SN) and during the SN burst is a unique opportunity to realize the
multi-messenger observation of the CCSN events. In this work, we describe the
monitoring concept and present the sensitivity of the system to the pre-SN and
SN neutrinos at the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), which is
a 20 kton liquid scintillator detector under construction in South China. The
real-time monitoring system is designed with both the prompt monitors on the
electronic board and online monitors at the data acquisition stage, in order to
ensure both the alert speed and alert coverage of progenitor stars. By assuming
a false alert rate of 1 per year, this monitoring system can be sensitive to
the pre-SN neutrinos up to the distance of about 1.6 (0.9) kpc and SN neutrinos
up to about 370 (360) kpc for a progenitor mass of 30 for the case
of normal (inverted) mass ordering. The pointing ability of the CCSN is
evaluated by using the accumulated event anisotropy of the inverse beta decay
interactions from pre-SN or SN neutrinos, which, along with the early alert,
can play important roles for the followup multi-messenger observations of the
next Galactic or nearby extragalactic CCSN.Comment: 24 pages, 9 figure
Dynamic Changes of Nitrogen Loads in Source–Sink Landscapes under Urbanization
The dynamic changes of nitrogen (N) loads have been significantly impacted by the rapid expansion of many cities, potentially escalating the risk of N pollution in cities. However, the spatiotemporal changes of N loads in source and sink landscapes remain unclear in urbanization. In this research, we used source–sink landscape theory to identify the source–sink landscape in the process of N flow at the city scale and investigated the spatiotemporal changes of N loads in the source–sink landscape from 2005 to 2015 in Xiamen, a rapidly urbanizing city in southern China. The total N loads of source landscapes increased by 2 times between 2005 and 2015, with an average annual growth of 26%, while the total N loads of sink landscapes climbed gradually, with an average annual increase of 8%, according to our findings. Moreover, in terms of the spatial gradient, the N loads of the source landscape fluctuated downward and reached their peak in the urban center, whereas the N loads of the sink landscape tended to rise and reached their peak outside of the city. Our findings offered a fresh viewpoint on the source–sink landscape in N flows at the city scale and offered useful guidance for N spatial management to support sustainable city development
Dynamic Changes of Nitrogen Loads in Source–Sink Landscapes under Urbanization
The dynamic changes of nitrogen (N) loads have been significantly impacted by the rapid expansion of many cities, potentially escalating the risk of N pollution in cities. However, the spatiotemporal changes of N loads in source and sink landscapes remain unclear in urbanization. In this research, we used source–sink landscape theory to identify the source–sink landscape in the process of N flow at the city scale and investigated the spatiotemporal changes of N loads in the source–sink landscape from 2005 to 2015 in Xiamen, a rapidly urbanizing city in southern China. The total N loads of source landscapes increased by 2 times between 2005 and 2015, with an average annual growth of 26%, while the total N loads of sink landscapes climbed gradually, with an average annual increase of 8%, according to our findings. Moreover, in terms of the spatial gradient, the N loads of the source landscape fluctuated downward and reached their peak in the urban center, whereas the N loads of the sink landscape tended to rise and reached their peak outside of the city. Our findings offered a fresh viewpoint on the source–sink landscape in N flows at the city scale and offered useful guidance for N spatial management to support sustainable city development
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