An Evaluation Study on the Level of China's Low-Carbon Manufacturing Based on Factor Analysis

AbstractBased on the absorption of some relevant research results, this paper establishes an evaluation model of the level of China's low-carbon manufacturing and uses the factor analysis method for empirical research. Then it analyses the exist problems of China's low-carbon manufacturing and puts forward some relevant countermeasures and suggestions

A newly identified virus in the family potyviridae encodes two leader cysteine proteases in tandem that evolved contrasting RNA silencing suppression functions

Potyviridae is the largest family of plant-infecting RNA viruses and includes many agriculturally and economically important viral pathogens. The viruses in the family, known as potyvirids, possess single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genomes with polyprotein processing as a gene expression strategy. The N-terminal regions of potyvirid polyproteins vary greatly in sequence. Previously, we identified a novel virus species within the family, Areca palm necrotic spindle-spot virus (ANSSV), which was predicted to encode two cysteine proteases, HCPro1 and HCPro2, in tandem at the N-terminal region. Here, we present evidence showing self-cleavage activity of these two proteins and define their cis-cleavage sites. We demonstrate that HCPro2 is a viral suppressor of RNA silencing (VSR), and both the variable N-terminal and conserved C-terminal (protease domain) moieties have antisilencing activity. Intriguingly, the N-terminal region of HCPro1 also has RNA silencing suppression activity, which is, however, suppressed by its C-terminal protease domain, leading to the functional divergence of HCPro1 and HCPro2 in RNA silencing suppression. Moreover, the deletion of HCPro1 or HCPro2 in a newly created infectious clone abolishes viral infection, and the deletion mutants cannot be rescued by addition of corresponding counterparts of a potyvirus. Altogether, these data suggest that the two closely related leader proteases of ANSSV have evolved differential and essential functions to concertedly maintain viral viability.This work is supported by grants from the Hainan Major Research Fund of Science and Technology (ZDKJ201817), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32060603), and the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund for the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (grant no. 19CXTD-33).Peer reviewe

Crystal structure of diaqua-bis(μ2-5-chloro-salicylato-κ3O,O′:O′)-bis(5-chloro-salicylato-κ2O,O′)-bis(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2N,N′) dilead(II) – water (1/2), C52H36C14N4O14Pb2·2(H2O)

C52H36C14N4O14Pb2·2(H2O), triclinic, P1‾P‾{1} (no. 2), a = 9.1186(4) Å, b = 12.8031(6) Å, c = 13.0111(6) Å, α = 63.504(4)°, β = 79.400(4)°, γ = 77.198(4)°, V = 1319.34(12) Å3, Z = 1, Rgt(F) = 0.0342, wRref(F2) = 0.0554, T = 293 K

Air Pollution, Environmental Protection Tax and Well-Being

The effective control of air pollution to advance human health and improve well-being has risen to the forefront of discussion in recent years. Based on China’s 2019 environmental protection tax data and China Social Survey (CSS) data, this paper studies the effects of subjective air pollution and the environmental protection tax on residents’ well-being using an econometric mediation effect model. The research conclusions are as follows: (1) Subjective air pollution can significantly reduce residents’ well-being, (2) an environmental protection tax can significantly improve residents’ well-being and it can eliminate some of the negative influence of subjective air pollution on residents’ well-being, and (3) the grouping test of residents’ income, regional distribution, urban and rural structure, age structure, gender structure, and other variables shows that the effects of subjective air pollution on residents’ well-being are heterogeneous among different populations. After further endogeneity testing with the instrumental variables method, adjusting the primary variables, and altering the research procedures, the results are still robust. Based on these findings, we should vigorously promote the development of ecological civilization and good air quality and support reforming the environmental protection tax system to enhance well-being. It is also necessary to shift from a crude development model to a green industry and business model. While emphasizing social equity and production efficiency, we should ensure the synchronous development of cities and villages. Additionally, tangible steps should be implemented to raise people’s incomes, expand young people’s work options, and enhance their satisfaction. The article focuses on the impact of subjective air pollution on residents’ well-being, adding air pollution to the factors affecting well-being. Furthermore, the article finds that the environmental protection tax has two advantages: it can govern air pollution and promote green development, and, at the same time, it can enhance social harmony and improve residents’ well-being

Design of an intelligent accurate personnel positioning system for mine

In view of problems of difficult deployment and high cost caused by a lot of wired communication cable and low intelligence of request for help in emergency existed in current accurate personnel positioning system of coal mine underground, an intelligent accurate personnel positioning system for mine was designed. In the system, personnel label position is acquired exactly by use of time of arrival ranging method based on ultra wide band positioning technology, personnel label information collected by card reader is uploaded to substation through data concentrator by use of LoRa wireless communication technology, and information of request for help is sent to manager automatically through emergency processing plan when persons lose ability of triggering help button manually. The test results show that the system can achieve reliable wireless data transmission with bit error rate of less than 5% within 2 km, whose positioning accuracy is 1 m, and automatic alarm rate is above 93.5% when persons lose ability of triggering help button manually

Research on Green Total Factor Productivity of Yangtze River Economic Belt Based on Environmental Regulation

With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) is facing many environmental problems that need to be solved in the process of development. This paper aims to analyze the environmental governance effects of nine provinces and two municipalities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2009 to 2018. Firstly, based on the input-output index, the slacks-based measure (SBM) undesirable model and Malmquist (ML) index were used to measure the green total factor productivity (GTFP) of the YREB from 2009 to 2018. The results showed that the technological progress index contributed the most to the GTFP of the YREB, followed by the pure technical efficiency index and the scale efficiency index. Environmental regulation has no significant impact on the GTFP of the YREB. Secondly, by analyzing the effect of environmental governance in the YREB, the results show that the main reasons for the ineffective environmental governance in the YREB are the redundant input of environmental resources, excessive unwanted output, and low harmless treatment rate of municipal solid waste, rather than the low level of urban environmental management. Finally, this paper provides recommendations for the ineffective provinces and municipalities of the YREB to further optimize the input-output factors of environmental governance

Design of coal mine blasting monitoring system based on accurate personnel positioning

In view of problem that existing coal mine blasting monitoring system could not accurately monitor position of personnel in blasting area, and it was easy to cause false detection and missed detection of personnel in blasting area, a coal mine blasting monitoring system based on accurate personnel positioning was designed. The system monitors position distribution and identity information of personnel in blasting area by use of dynamic target recognizer with accurate personnel positioning function. Combining with gas concentration in blasting area, it judges whether the blasting area meets safe blasting conditions such as group leader, blasting member and gas inspector are all near blasting warning point, no personnel in the blasting area and gas concentration do not exceed limit. When the safe blasting conditions are met, wireless exploder is unlocked for blasting operation, otherwise it is set in locked state. The field application results verify effectiveness of the system

A Comprehensive Evaluation of Carbon Emission Reduction Capability in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

The Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) is an essential part of China’s goal of reducing its national carbon emissions. Focusing on economic and social development, the development of science and technology, carbon sinks, energy consumption, and carbon emissions, this paper uses “the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution mode” (TOPSIS) and “an obstacle factor diagnosis method” to measure the reduction capacity of each province and municipality of the YREB. Key obstacles to achieving the goal of carbon emission reduction are also identified. The main finding is that the emission reduction capacities of Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang in China’s east is far greater than that of all other provinces and municipalities, the main obstacle of Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang are carbon sinks, energy consumption and carbon emission, and other provinces and municipalities are social and economic development. Taking into consideration those evaluation results and obstacles, paths for carbon emission reduction are delineated through a four-quadrant matrix method with intent to provide suitable references for the development of a low-carbon economy in the YREB

Yangtze River Basin Environmental Regulation Efficiency Based on the Empirical Analysis of 97 Cities from 2005 to 2016

The Yangtze River Basin (YRB) is an important area for China’s economic development and environmental governance. The aim of this paper is to analyze the total factor productivity across 97 cities in the YRB from 2005 to 2016. Based on the input and output indicators from 2005 to 2016, this paper selects the SE-SBM model to measure the environmental regulation efficiency (ERE) of 97 cities in the YRB and then uses the DEA–Malmquist index to measure the total factor productivity of the region. Results suggest that the overall ERE in the YRB is weakly ineffective, while ERE in the central and eastern coastal areas is relatively high. ERE matches the economic foundation and development of the city. YRB environmental regulation efficiency was in descending order in the middle stream, upstream, and downstream. The efficiency of regional environmental regulation shows an N-type development trend, with obvious characteristics of phased development. Moreover, the total factor productivity of the YRB has shown a downward trend. The scale efficiency index and the technical efficiency index have positively boosted the total factor productivity, while the technological progress index has dragged down the total factor productivity of the area. The contribution to the total factor productivity index is in order of scale efficiency, technological progress index, and technological efficiency index in the downstream. The overall inputs and outputs of the YRB have great development potential. The inputs have not been fully utilized, the outputs have not been maximized, and the regional differentiation is significantly observable