Correlation between Quality of Life and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a disease characterized by the rise of stomach acid into the esophagus which leads to heartburn and regurgitation. The prevalence of adult GERD cases worldwide is 11-38.8%. This study aimed to determine the correlation between GERD and quality of life among patients affected by this disease. This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 92 GERD patients in Atma Jaya Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia from April 2018 to June 2018. Two questionnaires, GERD-Q and GERD-HRQL were used in this study. A validation of the Indonesian version of the GERD-HRQL questionnaire was performed prior to this study. The Mann Whitney test was used to identify the correlation between GERD and the quality of life in patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms. This study indicated that the GERD-HRQL questionnaire showed good validity and reliability. Results showed that there was a correlation between GERD and quality of life (p = 0.005) in patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms. In conclusion, GERD affects the quality of life of patients affected by this disease. Korelasi antara Kualitas Hidup dan Penyakit Refluks GastroesofagusGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) atau penyakit refluks gastroesofagus adalah penyakit yang ditandai dengan naiknya asam lambung ke kerongkongan yang menyebabkan sensasi terbakar di dada dan regurgitasi. Prevalensi kasus GERD di seluruh dunia pada orang dewasa adalah 11–38,8%. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui korelasi antara GERD dan kualitas hidup di antara pasien yang terkena penyakit ini. Penelitian dilakukan pada 92 pasien GERD di Rumah Sakit Atma Jaya, Jakarta, Indonesia dari April 2018 hingga Juni 2018. Dua kuesioner, GERD-Q dan GERD-HRQL digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Validasi kuesioner GERD-HRQL versi bahasa Indonesia dilakukan sebelum penelitian ini. Analisis uji Mann Whitney digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi korelasi antara GERD dan kualitas hidup pada pasien dengan gejala gastrointestinal bagian atas. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kuesioner GERD-HRQL memperlihatkan validitas dan reliabilitas yang baik. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan erdapat korelasi antara GERD dan kualitas hidup (p=0,005) pada pasien dengan gejala gastrointestinal atas. Simpulan, GERD mempengaruhi kualitas hidup pasien yang terkena penyakit ini

The Role of ZFH-04269, Pilicides ec240, and Mannosides as FimH Adhesins Inhibitor of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) and Multiplex Real-Time PCR as a Potential Method in Diagnosing Urinary Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) can be difficult to diagnose and therefore a quicker and cheaper method but still having a high reliability result is needed. Multiplex real-time PCR can diagnose UTI better, as it has a high accuracy and time-efficiency. In other hand, as many infection is caused by bacterial attachment to cells, anti-adhesion therapeutics can be an option for treatment methods. Our objective is to analyse whether real-time multiplex PCR and anti-adhesive therapeutics can become the best methods for diagnosis and treatment options respectively. Results showed that it is feasible to identify uropathogens with more than 90% accuracy by using multiplex real-time PCR; while modified isoquinolone-mannoside is proved to have the highest FimH affinity and potency of any antagonists reported to date. Finally, we conclude that multiplex real-time PCR and the use of ZFH-04269, pilicides ec240, and mannosides as FimH adhesins inhibitor might be applicable as novel diagnostic method and treatment for UTIs

TERAPI NEUROPROTEKTIF ENDOGEN MENGGUNAKAN EBSELEN UNTUK MEMPERKUAT EFEK KONJUGASI SMALL UBIQUITIN-LIKE MODIFIER (SUMO) PADA STROKE ISKEMIK

Penyakit serebro-kardiovaskular semakin banyak dialami oleh masyarakat dunia hingga saat ini. Di Indonesia sendiri menurut data Riskesdas tahun 2018, kasus stroke tertinggi yang didiagnosa tenaga kesehatan adalah usia 75 tahun keatas (50,2%) dan terendah pada kelompok usia 15-24 tahun (0,6%). Salah satu jenis stroke yakni stroke iskemik terjadi karena adanya tromboembolisme yang menyumbat arteri di serebrum yang selanjutnya dapat menyebabkan iskemia otak fokal¸ kematian sel otak, kerusakan saraf sensoris, motoris, dan gangguan kognitif. Akhir-akhir ini ditemukan suatu inovasi terbaru dalam mencegah kematian sel neuron di otak dengan memanfaatkan protein small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) sebagai sumber neuroprotektif endogen ketika terjadi stroke iskemik. Ide ini berasal dari penemuan pada tupai tanah bergaris 13 (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus) yang ketika melakukan hibernasi terutama pada fase torpor, walaupun aliran darah ke otaknya berkurang, konsumsi energinya menurun, dan suhu tubuh berada dalam keadaan letal (sekitar 5oC), namun tetap dapat mempertahankan proses homeostasis dalam tubuh serta tanpa adanya kerusakan pada sel otak. SUMO ditemukan pada seluruh mamalia dan oleh karena itu protein ini dapat dijadikan sebagai target terapi untuk penyakit stroke iskemik pada manusia

Zoliflodacin, A Novel Antimirobial Agent Against neisseria Gonorhoeae: A Systematic Rreview of Quasi-Experimental Studies

Background: The gram-negative bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the source of the STI known as gonorrhea. N. gonorrhoeae can adapt well to humans as a host and become a pathogen with sophisticated mechanisms to avoid the innate immune response as well as suppress the adaptive immune response. Lately, zoliflodacin was shown to have antibacterial activity against N. gonorrhoeae. Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the antibacterial activity of zoliflodacin against N. gonorrhoeae. Methods: We followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines to systematically search and collect literature in the following databases: ProQuest, EBSCOhost, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Taylor&Francis, SAGE, JSTOR, and Wiley, without time limitation (until October 9th,  2022). Titles and abstracts were reviewed for relevance. The inclusion criteria were original article written in English that investigated the effects of zoliflodacin in patients with gonorrhea. From 177 studies, we retrieved five studies for this study, published between 2015 and 2021. Results: Zoliflodacin was highly active in vitro against N. gonorrhoeae isolates from European countries, China, Thailand, and South Africa, and also showed potent antimicrobial activity against multi-resistant N. gonorrhoeae isolates in South Korea. There were three different kinds of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) evaluated, with the following results: modal MIC (0.064-0.25 μg/mL), MIC50 (0.03-0.125 μg/mL), and MIC90 (0.06-0.25 μg/mL). There was no cross-resistance to antimicrobials currently or previously used for gonorrhea treatment. This MIC range could be used for further studies

Skrining Berbasis Ponsel Pintar: Alat Deteksi Midkine, Adiponectin¸ Apolipoprotein C-1, Kidney Injury Molecule-1 sebagai Biomarker Obstruksi Arteri Koroner

Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK) adalah penyakit akibat penumpukan plak di dalam arteri koroner yang menyuplai oksigen ke jantung. Diketahui bahwa penyakit kardiovaskuler menyebabkan kematian sebanyak 17 juta orang setiap tahunnya dimana 42,3% diakibatkan oleh PJK. Melalui perkembangan teknologi kedokteran dan mengingat masyarakat dunia yang banyak memiliki ponsel pintar (6.4 triliun pengguna pada tahun 2021, maka kedua bidang ini mulai dikombinasikan. Cara deteksi biomarker ((midkine, adiponectin, apolipoprotein C-1 [ApoC-1], dan kidney injury molecule-1 [KIM-1]) melalui imunofluorosensi dengan alat portabel berbasis ponsel pintar dapat menjadi terobosan untuk mendeteksi Obstruksi Arteri Koroner yang Signifikan (OAKS). Dengan menggunakan konsep alat diagnosis portabel dan memiliki kemampuan multiplexing diharapkan 4 biomarker OAKS dapat terdeteksi dengan lebih mudah, cepat, tepat dan tanpa membutuhkan keahlian khusus sehingga pada akhirnya alat ini mampu menjangkau seluruh tingkat layanan kesehatan masyarakat terutama yang bersifat layanan primer

Peran Neuregulin-1 (NRG-1), Acidic Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF), dan Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) pada Sel Perisit sebagai Inovasi Terbaru Penanganan Infark Miokard akibat Aterosklerosis

Infark miokard telah mengakibatkan 17 juta kematian di seluruh dunia pada tahun 2005. Hal ini terutama disebabkan karena terjadinya nekrosis sel miokard akibat iskemia jangka panjang. Agen trombolitik tidak memiliki pengaruh dalam meregenerasi pembuluh darah yang pecah. Oleh karena itu, banyak sel induk pembuluh darah, terutama perisit, dibawa untuk merangsang pembangunan, pematangan, rekonstruksi, dan mempertahankan permeabilitas pembuluh baru. Di sisi lain, beberapa faktor pertumbuhan seperti Neuregulin-1 (NRG-1), Acidic Fibroblas Growth Factor  (FGF), dan Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) juga memainkan peran dalam angiogenesis yang merupakan jalur utama proses penyembuhan akibat iskemia. Tujuan dari kajian ilmiah ini adalah untuk menjelaskan peran perisit yang distimulasi oleh leptin, bersama dengan beberapa faktor pertumbuhan yang diselubungi oleh mikropartikel sebagai terapi baru infark miokard yang terutama disebabkan oleh aterosklerosis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa perisit memiliki kemampuan untuk berdiferensiasi menjadi sel otot polos, sel saraf, dan sel endotel. Proses ini dipengaruhi oleh leptin dan juga beberapa faktor pertumbuhan yang diselubungi oleh mikropartikel untuk meningkatkan stabilitas dan imunitas terhadap makrofag. Terapi sel punca dengan menggunakan perisit yang distimulasi oleh leptin dan faktor pertumbuhan yang diselubungi oleh mikropartikel dapat menjadi metode pengobatan infark miokard yang menjanjikan di masa depan.

The Efficacy of Preoperative Tamsulosin on Ureteroscopy Access in Pediatrics: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective: The incidence of urolithiasis in pediatrics increases to 4-10% annually. One of the methods for treating urolithiasis is ureteroscopy (URS). The small anatomy in pediatrics often makes the initial URS unsuccessful. Alpha blockers, a drug that can relax the ureteral muscles, is a therapy that can be considered before URS is carried out. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative  tamsulosin  for URS access in pediatrics. Materials and Methods: We conducted a search using four databases, including PubMed, EBSCO, Cochrane Library, and ProQuest. This study includes randomized controlled trials (RCTs), retrospective and prospective studies, which compared the efficacy of preoperative alpha blockers and placebo or non-placebo controls in pediatrics undergoing ureteroscopy. The outcome of interest was the success rate of URS access and the duration of surgery. Results: A total of 120 studies were identified from a database search. There were 3 studies included in this review involving 235 patients. The meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model. The results of the meta-analysis showed that alpha blockers provided a successful rate of ureteroscopy access in pediatric patients (Odds ratio (OR) 2.73; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.52 up to 4.91; p=0.0008). Duration of surgery did not show significant results (Mean difference (MD) 3.46; 95% CI -3.59 up to 10.50; p=0.34)

Efficacy of Pregabalin, Solifenacin, or Combination Therapy for Ureteral Stent Related Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective: The Double-J (DJ) ureteral stent is essential in urology but can lead to Ureteral Stent-Related Symptoms (USRS), prompting research into various therapies to enhance patient comfort. The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of pregabalin, solifenacin, or combined therapy on ureteral stent-related symptoms. Materials and Methods: We conducted thorough searches in four databases, which included PubMed, Cochrane, EBSCO, and ProQuest. PRISMA Guideline 2020 was applied in this study. The risk of bias was assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0. Results: Ten studies consisting of 1477 participants were included in this study. Solifenacin monotherapy could significantly decrease total USSQ (mean difference (MD) -16.62; p=0.001), urinary symptoms (MD -9.16; p=0.002), and sexual matters (MD -0.81; p=0.002). Pregabalin monotherapy could significantly decrease pain (MD -7.29; p<0.00001). Compared to solifenacin monotherapy, combination therapy of pregabalin and solifenacin could significantly decrease total USSQ (MD -12.40; p <0.0001), urinary symptoms (MD -1.88; p=0.007), pain (MD -6.82; p<0.00001), sexual matters (MD -0.77; p <0.00001), and additional problems (MD -1.51; p=0.0007). Conclusion: Combination therapy of pregabalin and solifenacin had the best advantages in lowering USRS, especially urinary symptoms, pain, sexual matters, and some other additional problems