Pattern Matching Analysis of Electron Backscatter Diffraction Patterns for Pattern Centre, Crystal Orientation and Absolute Elastic Strain Determination: Accuracy and Precision Assessment

Pattern matching between target electron backscatter patterns (EBSPs) and dynamically simulated EBSPs was used to determine the pattern centre (PC) and crystal orientation, using a global optimisation algorithm. Systematic analysis of error and precision with this approach was carried out using dynamically simulated target EBSPs with known PC positions and orientations. Results showed that the error in determining the PC and orientation was < 10$^{-5}$ of pattern width and < 0.01{\deg} respectively for the undistorted full resolution images (956x956 pixels). The introduction of noise, optical distortion and image binning was shown to have some influence on the error although better angular resolution was achieved with the pattern matching than using conventional Hough transform-based analysis. The accuracy of PC determination for the experimental case was explored using the High Resolution (HR-) EBSD method but using dynamically simulated EBSP as the reference pattern. This was demonstrated through a sample rotation experiment and strain analysis around an indent in interstitial free steel

Tetragonality of Fe-C martensite -- a pattern matching electron backscatter diffraction analysis compared to X-ray diffraction

Measurements of the local tetragonality in Fe-C martensite at microstructural length-scale through pattern matching of electron backscatter diffraction patterns (EBSPs) and careful calibration of detector geometry are presented. It is found that the local tetragonality varies within the complex microstructure by several per cent at largest and that the scatter in the axial ratio is increased at higher nominal carbon content. At some analysis points the local crystal structure can be regarded as lower symmetry than simple body centred tetragonal. A linear relation between the nominal carbon content and averaged local tetragonality measured by EBSD is also obtained, although the averaged axial ratio is slightly below that obtained from more classical X-ray diffraction measurements.Comment: 33 pages, 12 figures, 2 Table

Electrochemiluminescence Devices Consisting of ZnO Nanorods Vertically Grown on Substrate

Unique behaviors of electrochemiluminescence from a device consisting of ZnO nanorod (Cell-1) are reported. Cell-1 emitted more intense electrochemiluminescence than cell consisting of two flat electrodes (Cell-2). The onset potential at which the emission starts was 1.5 V for Cell-1, which was lower than 2.5 V for Cell-2. The unique behaviors were explained by asymmetric collision modes of emitting species (Ru-I and Ru-III) in the nanospace among ZnO nanorods and were characteristic to the ZnO nanorod array

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Suppression of single-wall carbon nanotube redox reaction by adsorbed proteins

Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are widely used in biological applications. In biological systems, proteins readily adsorb to SWCNTs. However, little is known about the effects of proteins on the physicochemical properties of SWCNTs, such as their redox reaction. In this study, we measured the absorption and Raman spectra of SWCNTs dispersed in the presence of proteins such as bovine serum albumin to observe the redox reaction of the protein-adsorbed SWCNTs. The adsorbed proteins suppressed the redox reaction by forming thick and dense layers around the SWCNTs. Our findings are useful for understanding the behaviors of SWCNTs in biological systems

Vibrational energy transfer from photoexcited carbon nanotubes to proteins observed by coherent phonon spectroscopy

Vibrational energy transfer from photoexcited single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) to coupled proteins is a key to engineering thermally induced biological reactions, for example, in photothermal therapy. Here, we explored vibrational energy transfer from photoexcited SWCNTs to different adsorbed biological materials by means of a femtosecond pump–probe technique. We show that the vibrational relaxation time of the radial breathing modes in SWCNTs depends significantly on the structure of the coupled materials, that is, proteins or biopolymers, indicating that the vibrational energy transfer is governed by overlapping of the phonon densities of states of the SWCNTs and coupled materials