Study support for an elementary school child with learning difficulties

This paper is a case report for a child with Learning Disabilities by cognitive counseling. The first author instructed elementary school children of fourth grade. He calculated with finger counting. We conducted cognitive counseling (Ichikawa, 1993) sessions weekly for him. There were 13 sessions for 4 month. These sessions include the training of calculation without finger counting. He calculated many times. As a result of this counseling session, he can calculate quickly without finger counting

What praise enhance children's motivation for learning?

The purpose of this study was investigate the teacher praise on elementary school children. Using questionnaire, praise words and scenes that were effective in improving learning motivation were answered by the elementary school children. The answer that was many was "You did your best". It also indicated that the child wanted to be praised alone

Planet(esimal)s Around Stars with TESS (PAST) III: A Search for Triplet He I in the Atmospheres of Two 200 Myr-old Planets

We report a search for excess absorption in the 1083.2 nm line of ortho (triplet) helium during transits of TOI-1807b and TOI-2076b, 1.25 and 2.5R$_{\rm Earth}$ planets on 0.55- and 10.4-day orbits around nearby $\sim$200~Myr-old K dwarf stars. We limit the equivalent width of any transit-associated absorption to $<$4 and $<$8 mA, respectively. We limit the escape of solar-composition atmospheres from TOI-1807b and TOI-2076b to $\lesssim$1 and $\lesssim$0.1M$_{\rm Earth}$ Gyr$^{-1}$, respectively, depending on wind temperature. The absence of a H/He signature for TOI-1807b is consistent with a measurement of mass indicating a rocky body and the prediction by a hydrodynamic model that any H-dominated atmosphere would be unstable and already have been lost. Differential spectra obtained during the transit of TOI-2076b contain a He I-like feature, but this closely resembles the stellar line and extends beyond the transit interval. Until additional transits are observed, we suspect this to be the result of variation in the stellar He I line produced by rotation of active regions and/or flaring on the young, active host star. Non-detection of escape could mean that TOI-2076b is more massive than expected, the star is less EUV-luminous, the models overestimate escape, or the planet has a H/He-poor atmosphere that is primarily molecules such as H$_2$O. Photochemical models of planetary winds predict a semi-major axis at which triplet He I observations are most sensitive to mass loss: TOI-2076b orbits near this optimum. Future surveys could use a distance criterion to increase the yield of detections.Comment: Accepted to MNRA

Study suport for an elementary school child who is underachiever

This paper is a case report of the study support for a child who hesitates in mathematics by cognitive counseling. The first author instructed an elementary school children of fifth grade. She calculated with finger counting, and She showed difficulties for solving word problem. We conducted cognitive counseling (Ichikawa, 1993)sessions weekly for her. There were 13 sessions for 4 month. These sessions include the training of culculation whithout finger counting and solving word problem based on the context. As a result of this counseling session, she can culculate without finger counting and formulate an equation of addition and subtraction. In addition, her self-esteem of mathematics was enhanced

Suppression of the synaptic localization of a subset of proteins including APP partially ameliorates phenotypes of the Drosophila Alzheimer's disease model.

APP (amyloid precursor protein), the causative molecule of Alzheimer's disease, is synthesized in neuronal cell bodies and subsequently transported to synapses. We previously showed that the yata gene is required for the synaptic transport of the APP orthologue in Drosophila melanogaster. In this study, we examined the effect of a reduction in yata expression in the Drosophila Alzheimer's disease model, in which expression of human mutant APP was induced. The synaptic localization of APP and other synaptic proteins was differentially inhibited by yata knockdown and null mutation. Expression of APP resulted in abnormal synaptic morphology and the premature death of animals. These phenotypes were partially but significantly rescued by yata knockdown, whereas yata knockdown itself caused no abnormality. Moreover, we observed that synaptic transmission accuracy was impaired in our model, and this phenotype was improved by yata knockdown. Thus, our data suggested that the phenotypes caused by APP can be partially prevented by inhibition of the synaptic localization of a subset of synaptic proteins including APP