Carotid artery wall mechanics in young males with high cardiorespiratory fitness

The influence of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) on arterial stiffness in young adults remains equivocal. Beyond conventional measures of arterial stiffness, 2D strain imaging of the common carotid artery (CCA) provides novel information related to the intrinsic properties of the arterial wall. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of CRF on both conventional indices of CCA stiffness and 2D strain parameters, at rest and following a bout of aerobic exercise in young healthy males. Short‐axis ultrasound images of the CCA were recorded in 34 healthy men [22 years (95%CI, 19–22)] before, and immediately after 5‐minutes of aerobic exercise (40% VO2max). Images were analysed for arterial diameter, peak circumferential strain (PCS), and peak systolic and diastolic strain rates (S‐SR, D‐SR). Heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) were simultaneously assessed and Petersons' elastic modulus (Ep) and Beta stiffness (β1) were calculated. Participants were separated post hoc into moderate and high fitness groups [VO2max: 48.9 ml.kg‐1 min‐1 (95%CI, 44.7–53.2) vs. 65.6 ml.kg‐1 min‐1 (95%CI, 63.1–68.1); P 0.13) but were elevated in the moderate‐fitness group post‐exercise (P 0.05). High‐fit individuals exhibit elevated CCA PCS and S‐SR, which may reflect training‐induced adaptations that help to buffer the rise in pulse‐pressure and stroke volume during exercise

Effects of Acute Febrile Diseases on the Periodontium of Rhesus Monkeys with Reference to Poliomyelitis

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/67269/2/10.1177_00220345510300050301.pd

Global data set of long-term summertime vertical temperature profiles in 153 lakes

peer reviewedClimate change and other anthropogenic stressors have led to long-term changes in the thermal structure, including surface temperatures, deepwater temperatures, and vertical thermal gradients, in many lakes around the world. Though many studies highlight warming of surface water temperatures in lakes worldwide, less is known about long-term trends in full vertical thermal structure and deepwater temperatures, which have been changing less consistently in both direction and magnitude. Here, we present a globally-expansive data set of summertime in-situ vertical temperature profiles from 153 lakes, with one time series beginning as early as 1894. We also compiled lake geographic, morphometric, and water quality variables that can influence vertical thermal structure through a variety of potential mechanisms in these lakes. These long-term time series of vertical temperature profiles and corresponding lake characteristics serve as valuable data to help understand changes and drivers of lake thermal structure in a time of rapid global and ecological change. © 2021, The Author(s)