Genetic parameters for quail body weights using a random regression model

A model including fixed and random linear regressions is described for analyzing body weights at different ages. In this study, (co)variance components, heritabilities for quail weekly weights and genetic correlations among these weights were estimated using a random regression model by DFREML under DXMRR option. Data of 1046 pedigreed quail were used. Individual live weights were obtained weekly from hatching to six weeks of age. Records for the same bird were taken as repeated measurements and single measurement error variance was assumed to be constant for all ages. Orthogonal polynomial regressions (on the Legendre scale) of sixth order were sufficient to model the additive genetic, phenotypic and permanent environmental (co)variances. Heritability estimates for ages were moderate, ranging from 0.007-0.61 and estimated measurement error variance was 9.60 g2. Correlations were found positive among weights. Genetic correlations were higher than phenotypic and permanent environmental correlations. The correlations between adjacent periods are more closely correlated than between remote periods. South African Journal of Animal Science Vol.34(2) 2004: 104-10

Odgovor adipokina i srčanog troponina na eksperimentalno izazvanu disfunkciju štitne žlijezde brojlera

This study was conducted to investigate adipokine [Apelin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)] and cardiac troponin (cTnI) response that emerged after adding an essential oil mixture (EOM) (Eucalytus glabutus labii, Thymus vulgaris, Cymbopogon nardus, and Syzygium aromaticum) at different rates to the drinking water of broilers in which thyroid dysfunction (hypo- and hyperthyroidism) had been experimentally induced. In the present study, 150 1-day-old Ross-308 male broiler chicks were used. They were divided into five groups, each with 30 animals. The groups were designed to include five subgroups: control (C), hypothyroid, hypothyroid + 250 ppm EOM, hyperthyroid, and hyperthyroid + 250 ppm EOM, with six animals in each group. At the end of the experiment, Apelin, p-BDNF, cTnI, T3, T4, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were investigated in blood serum samples obtained by cervical dislocation from four randomly selected animals from each subgroup, making 100 animals in total. It was found that EOM administration resulted in a dose-dependent increase in p-BDNF and apelin levels, and a decrease in T4 levels in the experimentally induced hypo- and hyper-thyroidism groups, but did not affect T3 and cTnI levels. Conversely, an increase in TSH level was observed in the hypothyroidism groups, whereas a decrease was observed in groups with hyperthyroidism. This study is the first to examine adipokine (Apelin and BDNF) and cTnI response to EOM administration in thyroid dysfunction.Cilj rada bio je istražiti odgovor adipokina [apelin i moždani neurotrofni faktor (BDNF)] i srčanog troponina (cTnI) nakon dodavanja različitih omjera mješavine esencijalnih ulja (EOM) (Eucalytus glabutus labii, Thymus vulgaris, Cymbopogon nardus i Syzygium aromaticum) u vodu za piće brojlerima kojima je eksperimentalno izazvana disfunkcija štitnjače (hipotireoidizam i hipertireoidizam). U istraživanju je upotrijebljeno 150 jednodnevnih muških brojlera Ross-308. Podijeljeni su u pet skupina po 30 jedinki. Skupine su osmišljene tako da uključe i pet podskupina sa po šest brojlera: kontrolna skupina (C), hipotireoidna, hipotireoidna s 250 ppm mješavine esencijalnih ulja, hipertireoidna i hipertireoidna s 250 ppm mješavine esencijalnih ulja. Na kraju istraživanja u krvnom su serumu analizirane razine apelina, p-BDNF-a, cTnI-ja, T3, T4 i tireoidnog stimulacijskog hormona (TSH) koji su dobiveni cervikalnom dislokacijom od četiriju nasumično odabranih jedinki iz svake podskupine, što je činilo ukupno 100 životinja. Zapaženo je da je primjena EOM-a uzrokovala porast razina p-BDNF-a i apelina i smanjenje razine T4 u skupinama u kojima su eksperimentalno izazvani hipotireoidizam i hipertireoidizam, ali nije utjecala na razine T3 i cTnI-ija. Nasuprot tomu, u skupinama s hipotireoidizmom zabilježen je porast razine TSH-a, dok je smanjenje razine zabilježeno u skupinama s hipertireoidizmom. Ovo je prvo istraživanje odgovora adipokina (apelina i BDNF-a) i cTnI-ija na primjenu mješavine esencijalnih ulja kod brojlera s disfunkcijom štitne žlijezde

Knowledge and Compliance of Oral Anticoagulation Therapy at Warfarin Clinic in Kathmandu: A Cross-sectional Study

Background: Warfarin is the most widely used anticoagulant drug worldwide due to its low cost and ease of use. Adequate knowledge and compliance to oral anticoagulation therapy are essential measures that decrease morbidity and mortality among cardiac patients. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge and compliance regarding oral anticoagulation therapy among patients with a mechanical heart valve. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among patients with mechanical heart valves on warfarin at Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre of Kathmandu, Nepal. Participants were selected through a systematic random sampling technique, and a face-to-face interview was conducted. Knowledge was assessed using validated oral anticoagulation knowledge questionnaires composed of 20 multiple-choice questions. Compliance was assessed using 8 items Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. The descriptive and bivariate analysis were carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16. Results: A total of 222 patients were included in this study. Only 35 (15.8%) had good knowledge, and 93 (41.9%) had high compliance to oral anticoagulation therapy. The mean adherence score was 1.81 ± 0.78. Age, literacy, and educational level of the patients were statistically significant with knowledge. The compliance was significantly related only with a duration of warfarin use (p=0.003). Conclusion: The patients had a moderate level of knowledge on warfarin therapy. However, they had good compliance with oral anticoagulation therapy. Based on the findings, education awareness program is recommended to improve the patient’s knowledge on oral anticoagulants

The Effect of Supplementary Feeding with Different Pollens in Autumn on Colony Development under Natural Environment and In Vitro Lifespan of Honey Bees

Simple Summary In the present study, the effect of feeding with pollen sources with different protein content on colony performance, wintering ability and in-vitro longevity of colonies that weakened after feeding with pine honey in autumn or that needed to enter the winter period were investigated. The experiment was carried out in 48 colonies divided into six groups as follows: control, syrup, mixed pollen, Cistus creticus pollen (Pink rock-rose), Papaver somniferum pollen (Opium poppy), and commercial bee cake group. The effect of nutritional differences on survival was found to be statistically significant in vitro and this supports the colony results in the natural environment. As a result, P. somniferum pollen is a good preference to be used in feeding colonies in beekeeping, due to its rich nutritional content. Honey bees need pollen and nectar sources to survive in nature. Particularly, having young bees in colonies is vital before wintering, and proper feeding is necessary to achieve this. In the present study, the effect of feeding with pollen sources of different protein content on colony performance, wintering ability and in-vitro longevity of colonies that weakened after feeding with pine honey in autumn, or that needed to enter the winter period, was investigated. The experiment was carried out in 48 colonies divided into six groups as follows: control, syrup, mixed pollen, Cistus creticus pollen (Pink rock-rose), Papaver somniferum pollen (Opium poppy), and commercial bee cake groups. In particular, the P. somniferum pollen group was different (p < 0.01) from the other experiment groups with the number of bee frames (3.44), the area with brood (1184.14 cm(2)) and the wintering ability of 92.19%. The effect of nutritional differences on survival was found to be statistically significant in vitro and this supports the colony results in the natural environment (p < 0.001). The P. somniferum group has the longest longevity with 23 days. Pollen preferences of honey bees were P. somniferum, C. creticus, and mixed pollen, respectively.Pollen Preferences of Honey bees [TAGEM/HAYSUD/B/20/A4/P5/1890]; Turkish Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies (TAGEM)This article was produced from the project The Pollen Preferences of Honey bees and the Effects of Pollen Use inWinter on Colony Dynamic (TAGEM/HAYSUD/B/20/A4/P5/1890) supported by The Turkish Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies (TAGEM)

Prediction of marketing live weights in hair goat kids using artificial neural network

In this study, marketing live weights (120th day) were predicted using artificial neural network model according to the herd, gender, birth type, maternal age, birth weight, body weight at 60th day and weaning weight (90th day) measurements of 12983 hair goat kids born between 2018-2021 years. Artificial neural networks (ANN) have been frequently used as an alternative to classical regression analysis in recent years, especially in future estimation studies in the field of livestock, and also in many different fields. In this study, it was aimed to predict the marketing weights of hair goats according to the holding, gender, birth type, maternal age, birth, 60th day and weaning weights with the ANN model. For this purpose, the multi-layer feed-forward backpropagation algorithm the ANN model, in which the number of hidden layers is one and the numbers of hidden neurons are three, was used. This model performance metrics were obtained for training set as 0.98, 0.62 and 0.55; for validation set as 0.97, 0.62 and 0.55, respectively. According to these results, it was determined that ANN can be used successfully in terms of estimation of marketing live weight in Hair goat kids. Estimating the marketing weight will enable the economic cost calculations to be obtained from kids to be evaluated both based on Turkey and on the farm basis, and to reveal future projections

A Status of Health-related Quality of Life of Renal Recipients at a Transplant Center in Kathmandu

Background: Renal transplant is considered as the best treatment available to restore renal function in patients with renal failure. Health-related quality of life (HrQoL) is an important indicator for evaluating therapeutic outcomes and mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease, including renal failure. This study aimed to assess the health-related quality of life (HrQoL) of renal transplant recipients. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study involved 165 post renal transplant patients (mean age ± SD, 37.5 ± 10.7 years) from Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital. Health-related quality of life was assessed by face-to-face interviews, using Kidney Transplant Questionnaire (KTQ-25) and scored according to the scoring algorithm of KTQ-25. Results: The mean score of HrQoL was 5.44 ± 0.80, with the highest score for appearance (6.65 ± 0.53) and the lowest for uncertainty/ fear dimension (4.29 ± 1.10). Several factors, including age, occupation, loan, length of renal replacement therapy, and time since transplantation were significantly associated with different dimensions KTQ-25 questionnaire (all, p < 0.05). Conclusion: As uncertainty/fear affected the quality of life most, counseling programs for recipients are needed focusing on psychological wellbeing. Although funding is available for patients with end-stage renal failure from the government, that does not seem to be adequate for them

Organik Sultani Çekirdeksiz Üzüm Yetiştiriciliği

Bu projede, organik ürün olarak, talebi oldukça fazla Sultani Çekirdeksiz kuru üzüm üretimi ele alınmıştır. Çalışma, iki alt projeden oluşturulmuştur. I. Alt projede organik tarımda istenen minimum toprak işlemesi yanında ülkemizde bulunan ve birçok olumlu özelliklere sahip Zeolit (Klinoptilolitie mineral [Agro-clıno (NMF 900)]) kullanımı da denemede yer almıştır. II. Alt proje de ise Ege Bölgesi bağlarının ana hastalığı olan külleme mücadelesinde NaHCO3’ (içme sodasının) mevcut koşullardaki kullanım olanakları projede ele alınmıştır Bağlardaki ana zararlı da salkım güvesi olup her iki alt projede, salkım güvesi mücadelesinde tuzaklar asılarak zararlının ergin populasyonu bu tuzaklarla ilk ergin çıkışından uçuşlar sona erinceye kadar haftalık olarak izlenmiştir. Uçuş eğrileri ile tahmin-uyarı istasyonlarından elde edilen meteorolojik veriler ışığında gerekli uygulamalar yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, KULTIVATOR ile toprak işleme sisteminin toprağa olumsuz etkisinin de en az düzeyde olduğu da dikkate alınarak önerilebileceği ortaya çıkmıştır. Yeşilyurt yöresi topraklarındaki mikrobiyal aktiviteyi arttırmada malç uygulaması önerilmesine karşın, bu uygulama diğer disiplinler tarafından uygun görülmediğinden alternatif olarak KULTIVATOR uygulaması tercih edilmektedir. Kükürt ve içme sodası uygulanan parsellerde külleme hastalık şiddeti konvansiyonel olan şahit parsele göre istatistiki öneme sahip düzeyde azalma kaydetmiştir. Konvansiyonel koşullardaki hastalığın daha fazla görülmesini uygun koşulları yaratacak yoğun vejetatif gelişmenin yaratmış olduğu düşünülmektedir. Kükürdün zararlıları baskılayıcı etkisi de bilindiğinden organik yetiştiricilikte Külleme mücadelesinde içme sodasına nazaran özellikle kükürdün tercih edilmesi uygun bulunmaktadır. Denemenin başladığı 2003 yılı baz alındığında Zeolit (Klinoptilolitie mineral [Agro-clıno (NMF 900)]) uygulamalarında verim ve kalite kriterlerinde artış olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Toprak işleme uygulamalarından toprağı çizerek işleme salkım sayısı ve verim bakımından önemli bulunurken pulluk+ diskharow ile işleme salkım ağırlığını; malç uygulamasının ise kuru maddeyi ve tane tutumunu arttırdığı görülmektedir. Yaprak alma uygulamalarından, 6 adet yaprak alınması kontrole nazaran verim, salkım sayısı ve salkım ağırlığını nispeten arttırmıştır. Proje konusu çalışma birimleri itibarıyla değerlendirildiğinde toprağın çizilerek işlenmesi (KULTIVATOR sistemi) ön plana çıkmaktadır