Fixed-mesh approach for different dimensional solids in fluid flows : application to biological mechanics

S. Miyauchi, A. Ito, S. Takeuchi and T. Kajishima, "Fixed-mesh approach for different dimensional solids in fluid flows : application to biological mechanics", Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences, Vol. 6, pp.818-844, UMP, 201

Lubrication pressure model in a non-negligible gap for fluid permeation through a membrane with finite permeability

Shintaro Takeuchi, Toshiaki Fukada, Shuji Yamada, Suguru Miyauchi, and Takeo Kajishima, "Lubrication pressure model in a non-negligible gap for fluid permeation through a membrane with finite permeability", Physical Review Fluids, 6(11), 114101, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.6.114101

Fluid permeation through a membrane with infinitesimal permeability under Reynolds lubrication

This article has been published in a revised form in Journal of Mechanics [https://doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2020.38]. This version is published under a Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND. No commercial re-distribution or re-use allowed. Derivative works cannot be distributed. © 2020 The Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

APOBEC3B is preferentially expressed at the G2/M phase of cell cycle

APOBEC3B (A3B) is a cytosine deaminase that converts cytosine to uracil in single-stranded DNA. Cytosine-to-thymine and cytosine-to-guanine base substitution mutations in trinucleotide motifs (APOBEC mutational signatures) were found in various cancers including lymphoid hematological malignancies such as multiple myeloma and A3B has been shown to be an enzymatic source of mutations in those cancers. Although the importance of A3B is being increasingly recognized, it is unclear how A3B expression is regulated in cancer cells as well as normal cells. To answer these fundamental questions, we analyzed 1276 primary myeloma cells using single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) and found that A3B was preferentially expressed at the G2/M phase, in sharp contrast to the expression patterns of other APOBEC3 genes. Consistently, we demonstrated that A3B protein was preferentially expressed at the G2/M phase in myeloma cells by cell sorting. We also demonstrated that normal blood cells expressing A3B were also enriched in G2/M-phase cells by analyzing scRNA-seq data from 86, 493 normal bone marrow mononuclear cells. Furthermore, we revealed that A3B was expressed mainly in plasma cells, CD10+ B cells and erythroid cells, but not in granulocyte-macrophage progenitors. A3B expression profiling in normal blood cells may contribute to understanding the defense mechanism of A3B against viruses, and partially explain the bias of APOBEC mutational signatures in lymphoid but not myeloid malignancies. This study identified the cells and cellular phase in which A3B is highly expressed, which may help reveal the mechanisms behind carcinogenesis and cancer heterogeneity, as well as the biological functions of A3B in normal blood cells

Analysis of the 619 Brånemark System TiUnite Implants : A Retrospective Study

The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the outcome of Brånemark System TiUnite® implants (Nobel Biocare/Sweden), and to identify the risk factors associated with implant failure. A total of 151 patients (83 maxillae and 91 mandibles) received 619 implants from July 2003 until May 2010. The patients included 86 males and 65 females, with a median age of 51.6 years and an age range of 16 to 90 years at the time of implant surgery. Seventeen maxillae and 16 mandibles were completely edentulous, and 66 maxillae and 75 mandibles were partially edentulous. All the patients were followed until June 2011. Among the 619 implants, 9 maxillary implants and 8 mandibular implants were unsuccessful. The overall survival rate was 96.82%. A logistic regression analysis identified that a history of steroid treatment, application of a dento-maxillary prosthesis, a lack of mechanical coupling between the implants, and the length of the implants (≤8.5mm) were significant predictors of implant failure

Novel Strategy for Diagnosis of Focal Nodular Hyperplasia Using Gadolinium Ethoxybenzyl Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic Acid: Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Elastography

Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) is the second most frequent benign liver tumor, and it is a fiber-rich stiff lesion. Typically, FNH can be diagnosed by imaging without biopsy. However, liver biopsy and diagnostic resection may be required to differentiate atypical FNH from other liver tumors, such as hepatocellular adenoma (HCA). Therefore, improved noninvasive diagnostic methods are needed. We experienced 2 cases where combination of magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) and gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) helped diagnose FNH. A 36-year-old woman and 17-year-old boy with liver tumors measuring 40 mm in diameter each showed hypointense nodule centers, indicating a central scar, surrounded by hyperintense signals during the hepatobiliary phase of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI. To rule out HCA, we performed MRE and liver biopsy. On MRE, the mean stiffness of the mass was 11.6 kPa (mean stiffness of the background liver was 1.7 kPa) and 11.1 kPa (mean stiffness of the background liver was 2.4 kPa) in the first and second patients, respectively. Histological examination of both specimens showed CK7-positive bile-ductular proliferations, abundant fibrous tissue, and few Ki-67-positive cells. Based on these results, we diagnosed these tumors as FNH. Combination of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI and MRE can evaluate the character and stiffness of lesion and help in the diagnosis of FNH

Recent Results from LHD Experiment with Emphasis on Relation to Theory from Experimentalist’s View

he Large Helical Device (LHD) has been extending an operational regime of net-current free plasmas towardsthe fusion relevant condition with taking advantage of a net current-free heliotron concept and employing a superconducting coil system. Heating capability has exceeded 10 MW and the central ion and electron temperatureshave reached 7 and 10 keV, respectively. The maximum value of β and pulse length have been extended to 3.2% and 150 s, respectively. Many encouraging physical findings have been obtained. Topics from recent experiments, which should be emphasized from the aspect of theoretical approaches, are reviewed. Those are (1) Prominent features in the inward shifted configuration, i.e., mitigation of an ideal interchange mode in the configuration with magnetic hill, and confinement improvement due to suppression of both anomalous and neoclassical transport, (2) Demonstration ofbifurcation of radial electric field and associated formation of an internal transport barrier, and (3) Dynamics of magnetic islands and clarification of the role of separatrix