94 research outputs found
Formation and characterization of phthalocyanine dimer/C60 solar cells
AbstractOrganic solar cells with ΞΌ-oxo-bridged gallium phthalocyanine dimer (GaPc dimer) and fullerene were produced by an evaporation method. A device based on the GaPc dimer provided a conversion efficiency of 4.2Γ10β3%, which is better compared to a device based on phthalocyanine monomer. Dimerization effect was discussed with a molecular orbital calculation, and the crystalline phases of the present solar cells were investigated by X-ray diffraction. Further improvement of the efficiency was discussed on the basis of the experimental results
Fabrication and Characterization of Element-Doped Perovskite Solar Cells
Perovskite solar cells were fabricated and characterized. X-ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscopy were used for investigation of the devices. The structure analysis by them showed structural transformation of the crystal structure of the perovskite, which indicated that a cubic-tetragonal crystal system depended on the annealing condition. The photovoltaic properties of the cells also depended on the structures. Metal doping and halogen doping to the perovskite and TiO2 were also investigated. The results showed an increase in the efficiencies of the devices, due to the structural change of the perovskite compound layers
Formation of Carbon Nanostructures with Ge and SiC Nanoparticles Prepared by Direct Current and Radio Frequency Hybrid Arc Discharge
Solar Cells and Energy Materials
ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ Adobe AcrobatSolar Cells and Energy Materials takes an in-depth look at the basics behind energy, solar energy as well as future and alternative energy materials. The author presents insights into the current state-of-the-art of solar cells, including their basic science, inorganic, organic and Perovskite-type cells. The author also gives an outlook into next generation energy materials and sources. The focus of this book is not only the presentation of available and developing energy materials, but their thorough examination and characterization.In addition to solar cell technology and the promising application of nanostructures like quantum dots, the author discusses the science and potential of nuclear fusion materials and other energy materials like hydrogen storage materials, BN nanomaterials, alternative fuel cells and SIC FET.Energy scarcity and solutions how to substitute conventional fuels is currently THE topic of the physical sciences.Focuses on timely and the cutting-edge technologies.Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΡ, Π½Π΅ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°Ρ
ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°. Π Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ, Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ Ρ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ BN, Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΈ SIC FET. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°, Π² Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ
Hydrogen Storage in Boron Nitride and Carbon Nanomaterials
Boron nitride (BN) nanomaterials were synthesized from LaB6 and Pd/boron powder, and the hydrogen storage was investigated by differential thermogravimetric analysis, which showed possibility of hydrogen storage of 1β3 wt%. The hydrogen gas storage in BN and carbon (C) clusters was also investigated by molecular orbital calculations, which indicated possible hydrogen storage of 6.5 and 4.9 wt%, respectively. Chemisorption calculation was also carried out for B24N24 cluster with changing endohedral elements in BN cluster to compare the bonding energy at nitrogen and boron, which showed that Li is a suitable element for hydrogenation to the BN cluster. The BN cluster materials would store H2 molecule easier than carbon fullerene materials, and its stability for high temperature would be good. Molecular dynamics calculations showed that a H2 molecule remains stable in a C60 cage at 298 K and 0.1 MPa, and that pressures over 5 MPa are needed to store H2 molecules in the C60 cage
- β¦