Study on the Floatability of Mineral Particles in the Presence of Surface Active Agents I : Relation between Adsorption of the Collector Ion and the Electrokinetic Potential in Flotation

The electro-osmotic velocity, the adsorption density and the floatability of mineral particles were measured for the following systems : fluorite-sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate, quartz-sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate, quartz-octadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, scheelite-octadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and quartz-dodecyl ammonium acetate. The relations among the differences in the zeta-potential, the adsorption density and the floatability are discussed. As a result of this research, it was found that the difference in the zeta-potential of the mineral can be correlated with the adsorption density of the collector on the mineral surface, and that, therefore, the floatability of the mineral can be correlated with the difference in the zeta-potential

臍帯由来間葉系細胞の神経向性と神経修復機序に関する検討

学位の種別: 課程博士審査委員会委員 : （主査）東京大学教授 岡 明, 東京大学教授 高橋 尚人, 東京大学特任准教授 池田 祐一, 東京大学講師 正本 庸介, 東京大学准教授 大津 真University of Tokyo(東京大学

Case report: Neonatal case of intrauterine gastrointestinal bleeding with suspected cow's milk allergy or neonatal transient eosinophilic colitis

The patient was a female newborn. Ultrasonography performed at 35 weeks and 3 days of gestation revealed honeycomb-like dilatation and peri-intestinal strong echo patterns in the gastrointestinal tract. Nonreassuring fetal status was also diagnosed, leading to an emergency Cesarean section. The baby's birth weight was 2,127 g, whereas the Apgar 1 min and 5 min scores were 8 and 9, respectively. The amniotic fluid showed fecal and hematogenous turbidity. After delivery, there was hematogenous intragastric residue and defecation. Thereafter, the bloody intragastric residue and fecal discharge improved. Aggregations of eosinophils in the stool were observed, and gastrointestinal allergy was suspected. Enteral feeding with the hydrolyzed protein formula was initiated and symptoms did not recur. The allergen-specific lymphocyte stimulation test was positive for lactoferrin, and the patient was suspected with neonatal cow's milk allergy or neonatal transient eosinophilic colitis. After her condition stabilized, an oral challenge test was performed using breast milk without dairy products, and the test was negative. Gastrointestinal allergy is rare even in utero, and when gastrointestinal bleeding is suspected in utero, hemorrhagic or surgical gastrointestinal diseases should be ruled out first; however, the possibility of gastrointestinal allergy should also be kept in mind

Neutron Shielding Design of Infrared Imaging Video Bolometer for LHD Deuterium Experiment

InfraRed imaging video bolometer (IRVB) is a powerful diagnostic for the plasma radiation measurement. Study on plasma radiation phenomena, e.g., plasma detachment, is one of the crucial issues to realize a fusion reactor. In order to apply the IRVB to such a study, a shielding is required to protect an IR camera from neutron irradiation. In the large helical device (LHD), deuterium experiment has started in 2017. Then, the shielding was designed using MCNP6 code with the 3-D modeling of LHD. The guideline of the neutron flux for the design was determined by the operational experience in JT-60U tokamak and by the result of the irradiation in OKTAVIAN. The strong neutron flux due to the location close to the vacuum vessel and the influx through the lens hole were reduced sufficiently. The designed shielding was applied to the LHD deuterium experiments and the IRVB with the shielding could be operated successfully without any dead pixels in the neutron emission rate up to 3.3×10 15 n·s -1 , which is the maximum rate in the first experimental campaign and in the total neutron emission of 3.6×10 18 n. These correspond to the neutron emission rate of 2.9×10 7 n·s -1 and the total neutron emission of 3.2 × 10 10 n at around the IR camera

Case report: A case of fetal umbilical vein varix presenting disseminated intravascular coagulation, polycythemia, and neonatal hepatitis in an extremely low birth weight infant

Reports on the clinical course of fetal umbilical vein varix in premature infants are limited. We report a case of an extremely low body weight infant with intra-abdominal umbilical vein varix who developed disseminated intravascular coagulation, polycythemia, and hyperbilirubinemia after birth; late-onset neonatal hepatitis; and fetal thrombotic vasculopathy confirmed by placental histopathology. Ultrasonography after birth showed a dilated portion of the umbilical vein at the hepatic hilum with thrombi inside. We speculate that the umbilical vein varix caused the fetal thrombotic vasculopathy, and the presence of umbilical vein varix and fetal thrombotic vasculopathy in combination with prematurity caused coagulopathy, polycythemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and hepatitis. Despite the favorable outcomes reported in the literature, premature infants with umbilical vein varix may require careful observation and management for coagulopathy and late-onset hepatitis. Furthermore, placental histopathology could aid in the understanding of various clinical outcomes in infants with umbilical vein varices

Estimates of foil thickness, signal, noise, and nuclear heating of imaging bolometers for ITER

Imaging bolometers have been studied for ITER to serve as a complementary diagnostic to the resistive bolometers for the measurement of radiated power. Two tangentially viewing InfraRed imaging Video Bolometers (IRVB) could be proposed for an ITER equatorial port, one having a view of the entire plasma cross-section (core viewing) and one tilted down 43 degrees from the horizontal to view the divertor (divertor viewing). The IRVBs have 7 cm (horizontal) by 9 cm (vertical) Pt sensor foils, 6 mm × 6 mm apertures, 15 × 20 pixels and focal lengths of 7.8 cm and 21 cm, respectively. Using SANCO and SOLPS models for a 840 m3 plasma radiating 67.3 MW, synthetic images from the IRVBs are calculated to estimate the maximum signal strengths to be 246 W/m2 and 62 W/m2, respectively. We propagate the X-ray energy spectra from the models through the synthetic diagnostics to give the photon energy spectrum for each IRVB pixel, which are used to calculate the fraction of the power absorbed by the foil as a function of foil thickness. Using a criteria of >95% absorbed power fraction, we selected foil thicknesses of 30 μm and 10 μm, respectively. We used these thicknesses and assumed IR systems having 105 fps, 1024×1280 pixels and sensitivities of 15 mK, to calculate the IRVB sensitivities of 3.19 W/m2 and 1.05 W/m2, and signal to noise ratios of 77 and 59, respectively. Using the Monte Carlo Nuclear Particle code we calculated for the core viewing IRVB the foil heating by neutrons to be 1.0 W/m2 and by gammas to be 117 W/m2. This indicates that countermeasures may be needed to remove the nuclear heating signal

Human Adrenocortical Remodeling Leading to Aldosterone-Producing Cell Cluster Generation

Background. The immunohistochemical detection of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) and steroid 11β-hydroxylase (CYP11B1) has enabled the identification of aldosterone-producing cell clusters (APCCs) in the subcapsular portion of the human adult adrenal cortex. We hypothesized that adrenals have layered zonation in early postnatal stages and are remodeled to possess APCCs over time. Purposes. To investigate changes in human adrenocortical zonation with age. Methods. We retrospectively analyzed adrenal tissues prepared from 33 autopsied patients aged between 0 and 50 years. They were immunostained for CYP11B2 and CYP11B1. The percentage of APCC areas over the whole adrenal area (AA/WAA, %) and the number of APCCs (NOA, APCCs/mm2) were calculated by four examiners. Average values were used in statistical analyses. Results. Adrenals under 11 years old had layered zona glomerulosa (ZG) and zona fasciculata (ZF) without apparent APCCs. Some adrenals had an unstained (CYP11B2/CYP11B1-negative) layer between ZG and ZF, resembling the rat undifferentiated cell zone. Average AA/WAA and NOA correlated with age, suggesting that APCC development is associated with aging. Possible APCC-to-APA transitional lesions were incidentally identified in two adult adrenals. Conclusions. The adrenal cortex with layered zonation remodels to possess APCCs over time. APCC generation may be associated with hypertension in adults

Impact of administering umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells to cynomolgus monkeys with endometriosis

Purpose: This study aimed to explore whether umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) could be used as a therapeutic resource for endometriosis. Methods: Of seven cynomolgus monkeys with endometriosis, five were administered UC-MSCs (intervention group) and two were administered saline (control group). First, intravenous US-MSC treatment was administered for three months. Second, weekly intravenous US-MSC administration combined with monthly intraperitoneal US-MSC administration was conducted for 3 months. Finally, weekly intraperitoneal US-MSC administration was conducted for 3 months. The dose of UC-MSCs was set to 2 × 106 cells/kg for all administration routes. Laparoscopic findings and serum cancer antigen 125 (CA125) levels were also evaluated. The Revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine classification was used for laparoscopic evaluation. Results: Laparoscopic findings showed exacerbation of endometriosis after intraperitoneal UC-MSC administration, although no changes were observed in the control group. Intravenous UC-MSC administration decreased the level of CA125 in all monkeys; however, the difference was not significant. Intraperitoneal UC-MSC administration significantly exacerbated endometriosis compared with intravenous administration (p = 0.02). Conclusions: This study revealed that intraperitoneal UC-MSC administration exacerbates endometriosis in a nonhuman primate model of the disease.journal articl

Aggravated brain injury after neonatal hypoxic ischemia in microglia-depleted mice.

BACKGROUND:Neuroinflammation plays an important role in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Although microglia are largely responsible for injury-induced inflammatory response, they play beneficial roles in both normal and disease states. However, the effects of microglial depletion on neonatal HIE remain unclear.METHODS:Tamoxifen was administered to Cx3cr1CreER/+Rosa26DTA/+ (microglia-depleted model) and Cx3cr1CreER/+Rosa26DTA/- (control) mice at P8 and P9 to assess the effect of microglial depletion. The density of microglia was quantified using Iba-1 staining. Moreover, the proportion of resident microglia after the HI insult was analyzed using flow cytometric analysis. At P10, the HI insult was conducted using the Rice-Vannucci procedure at P10. The infarct size and apoptotic cells were analyzed at P13. Cytokine analyses were performed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at P13.RESULTS:At P10, tamoxifen administration induced > 99% microglial depletion in DTA+ mice. Following HI insult, there was persisted microglial depletion over 97% at P13. Compared to male DTA- mice, male DTA+ mice exhibited significantly larger infarct volumes; however, there were no significant differences among females. Moreover, compared to male DTA- mice, male DTA+ mice had a significantly higher density of TUNEL+ cells in the caudoputamen, cerebral cortex, and thalamus. Moreover, compared to female DTA- mice, female DTA+ mice showed a significantly greater number of TUNEL+ cells in the hippocampus and thalamus. Compared to DTA- mice, ELISA revealed significantly lower IL-10 and TGF-β levels in both male and female DTA+ mice under both normal conditions and after HI (more pronounced).CONCLUSION:We established a microglial depletion model that aggravated neuronal damage and apoptosis after the HI insult, which was predominantly observed in males