Planificación, construcción y uso de simuladores artesanales para mejorar la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la obstetricia

Objetivo: describir el proceso de desarrollo y presentar los resultados de un estudio piloto sobre el uso de simuladores artesanales de bajo costo para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la obstetricia. Método: presentación del proceso de desarrollo de tres simuladores de bajo costo, basado en necesidades educativas identificadas en contextos de capacitación reales. El proceso de elaboración se presenta en detalle. Cada simulador fue testeado una y otra vez y se sometió a procesos de mejora hasta su versión final. Los simuladores presentados son: pantalones cortos simuladores de parto, útero de neoprene para tratamiento de sangrado y simulador de sutura de laceraciones perineales. Se realizó un estudio piloto para evaluar la percepción de los alumnos, utilizando un cuestionario estructurado y se siguió el modelo de evaluación Kirkpatrik. Se practicó el análisis descriptivo de datos. Resultados: los encuestados (31 aprendices) evaluaron positivamente los simuladores, habiendo notado ganancias significativas en el conocimiento teórico, capacidad para resolver problemas clínicos y disminución de la ansiedad para lidiar con situaciones similares a las simuladas. Conclusión: los simuladores artesanales de bajo costo son factibles y efectivos, lo que resulta en evaluaciones positivas de los aprendices. Su disponibilidad como tecnología abierta permite la difusión de su uso.Objetivo: descrever o processo de desenvolvimento e apresentar os resultados de um estudo piloto sobre o uso de simuladores artesanais de baixo custo para ensino e aprendizagem de obstetrícia. Método: apresentação do processo de desenvolvimento de três simuladores de baixo custo, a partir de necessidades educacionais identificadas em contextos reais de formação. O processo de elaboração é apresentado em detalhes e cada simulador foi testado e re-testado, sendo submetido a processos de melhorias até sua versão final. Os simuladores apresentados são: bermuda simuladora de parto, útero de Neoprene para tratamento de hemorragias e simulador de sutura de lacerações perineais. Foi realizado estudo piloto de avaliação da percepção dos aprendizes, através de questionário estruturado, empregando o modelo de avaliação de Kirkpatrik. Os dados foram analisados de forma descritiva. Resultados: os respondentes (31 aprendizes) avaliaram positivamente os simuladores, tendo percebido ganhos significativos em conhecimento teórico, habilidade para resolver problemas clínicos e diminuição da ansiedade para lidar com situações semelhantes às simuladas. Conclusão: simuladores artesanais e de baixo custo são factíveis e efetivos, resultando em avaliações positivas dos aprendizes. A disponibilidade dos mesmos como tecnologia aberta permite a disseminação de seu uso.Objetivo: to describe the development process and present the results of a pilot study on the use of low-cost handmade simulators for teaching and learning Obstetrics. Method: presentation of 3 low-cost simulators designing, based on educational needs identified in real-world training contexts. The developing process is presented in detail and each simulator was tested and re-tested, being submitted to improvements until their final version. The simulators presented are: delivery simulator shorts, Neoprene uterus for postpartum hemorrhage management, and perineal repair simulator. A pilot study was carried out to evaluate the perception of apprentices through a structured questionnaire, using the Kirkpatrick evaluation model. Data were descriptively analyzed. Results: the respondents (31 apprentices) positively evaluated the simulators, perceiving significant gains in theoretical knowledge, ability to solve clinical problems and decreased anxiety to deal with situations similar to those simulated. Conclusion: low-cost, handmade simulators are feasible and effective, resulting in positive learner evaluations. Their availability as open technology allows the dissemination of their use

Impact of an intrapartum care quality improvement intervention in Brazilian private hospitals on care safety measures and adverse outcomes

Plain Language Summary Cesarean section rates in Brazil are among the highest in the world, particularly in private hospitals. In 2015, a quality improvement project was implemented in private hospitals aiming to reduce the cesarean section (CS) rates (the Adequate Childbirth Project—PPA). In the 2017–2018 period, the Healthy Birth Study (HBS) was proposed to assess the effect of the PPA project in CS rates, as well as use of obstetric interventions, adoption of good practices during labor and birth care and outcomes for both women and their babies. This article presents the comparison of 4873 births analyzed in the HBS, 2589 who were exposed to the PPA project and 2284 who received standard care. The analysis aim was to compare CS rates at the same time to assess if women who were part of the PPA intervention were less likely to have a negative event for themselves or their babies. A group of 15 measures of safety of obstetric care and negative outcomes for women and their babies was compared. Women who were exposed to the PPA intervention had a lower chance of CS, late preterm and early term deliveries. At the same time, the PPA group did not have worse outcomes for women or babies. In terms of safety care, the PPA intervention was associated with both positive and negative effects. For instance, women exposed to the PPA group had a higher chance of not receiving antibiotics to prevent infections when they needed, when compared to standard care