Treatment with flunitrazepam of continuous spikes and waves during slow wave sleep (CSWS) in children

SummaryWe describe our treatment of two boys with continuous spikes and waves during slow wave sleep (CSWS). One of the boys was suffering from non-convulsive status epilepticus and the other from conscious disturbance with automatism. Their ictal EEG readings showed continuous diffuse spike and wave complexes, which were considered to show electrical status. The boys were diagnosed as having CSWS, and were later diagnosed with Landau–Kleffner syndrome (LKS). EEG readings returned to normal on intravenous injection of flunitazepam (FZP) at a dose of 0.02mg/kg, suggesting that FZP is an effective treatment for CSWS

Isolation of an X-factor-dependent but porphyrin-positive Escherichia coli from urine of a patient with hemorrhagic cystitis

An Escherichia coli isolate was recovered from a 92-year-old female patient with urinary tract infection. Gram-stained preparation of the urine sediment manifested some gram-negative rod-shaped cells, and the urine specimen culture yielded nonhemolytic colonies on sheep blood agar plate. However, no visible colonies appeared on modified Drigalski agar plate. The isolate was finally identified as an X-factor-dependent E. coli. The interesting finding was that the isolate revealed a positive reaction for porphyrin test despite the requirement of hemin. This finding suggested that some pyrrol-ring-containing porphyrin compounds or fluorescent porphyrins had been produced as chemical intermediates in the synthetic pathway from delta-amino-levulinic acid (ALA), although the isolate should be devoid of synthesizing hems from ALA. This was the first clinical isolation of such a strain, indicating that the E. coli isolate should possess incomplete synthetic pathways of hems from ALA.ArticleJOURNAL OF INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY. 19(4):764-766 (2013)journal articl

Bactericidal activities of woven cotton and nonwoven polypropylene fabrics coated with hydroxyapatite-binding silver/titanium dioxide ceramic nanocomposite “Earth-plus”

Background: Bacteria from the hospital environment, including linens and curtains, are often responsible for hospital-associated infections. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the bactericidal effects of fabrics coated with the hydroxyapatite-binding silver/titanium dioxide ceramic nanocomposite "Earth-plus". Methods: Bactericidal activities of woven and nonwoven fabrics coated with Earth-plus were investigated by the time-kill curve method using nine bacterial strains, including three Staphylococcus aureus, three Escherichia coli, and three Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Results: The numbers of viable S. aureus and E. coli cells on both fabrics coated with Earth-plus decreased to below 2 log(10) colony-forming units/mL in six hours and reached the detection limit in 18 hours. Viable cell counts of P. aeruginosa on both fabrics coated with Earth-plus could not be detected after 3-6 hours. Viable cells on woven fabrics showed a more rapid decline than those on nonwoven fabrics. Bacterial cell counts of the nine strains on fabrics without Earth-plus failed to decrease even after 18 hours. Conclusion: Woven cotton and nonwoven polypropylene fabrics were shown to have excellent antibacterial potential. The woven fabric was more bactericidal than the nonwoven fabric

重度大動脈弁狭窄症患者の大動脈弁置換術後における血小板機能および高分子量 von Willebrand 因子多量体の急速な回復

AIM: Patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) may have bleeding episodes due to the loss of high-molecular-weight (HMW) von Willebrand factor multimers (VWFMs). The absence of HMW-VWFMs and bleeding tendency are usually corrected after aortic valve replacement (AVR). To investigate the process of VWFM recovery and symptoms in patients with severe AS, we analyzed changes in VWF antigen (VWF:Ag), ADAMTS13 activity (ADAMTS13:AC), and platelet thrombus formation under high shear stress conditions. METHODS: Nine patients with severe AS undergoing AVR were analyzed. RESULTS: Evident deficiency of HMW-VWFMs was observed in six patients before surgery, which was rapidly restored within 8 days after AVR. Median levels of VWF:Ag before surgery, on postoperative days (PODs) 1, 8, 15, and 22, and one year after AVR were 78.1%, 130%, 224%, 155%, 134%, and 142%, respectively. In contrast, ADAMTS13:AC was 50.5%, 35.5%, 25.5%, 25.1%, 30.3%, and 84.6%, respectively. Preoperative thrombus formation but not surface coverage was significantly lower than that on POD 22, which was considered as normal level in each patient. Compared with preoperative levels, thrombus volume was significantly lower on POD 1, but rapidly increased by POD 8. CONCLUSION: Bleeding tendency and loss of HMW-VWFMs observed in patients with severe AS before surgery was rapidly corrected after AVR. Instead, patients were in a VWF-predominant state between POD 8 and 22.博士（医学）・乙第1395号・平成29年3月15日Copyright © 2016 Japan Atherosclerosis Society本論文の著作権は日本動脈硬化学会が保持しています。This article is distributed under the terms of the latest version of CC BY-NC-SA defined by the Creative Commons Attribution License

New flavonoid chemotypes from Asplenium normale (Aspleniaceae) in Malaysia

Seven Asplenium normale individuals in Malaysia were surveyed for flavonoid com¬pounds. They were divided into two chemotypes, H- and I-types. The flavonoids were isolated by various chromatography and identified by TLC, HPLC, UV spectroscopic, LC-MS and NMR sur¬veys. Two flavone O-glycosides, apigenin 7-O-rhamnosyl-(1→4)-rhamnoside (1) and apigenin 7- O-rhamnosyl-(1→4)-rhamnoside-4'-O-rhamnoside (2), and two flavone C-glycosides, vicenin-2 (6) and lucenin-2 (7), were contained in one chemotype (H-type). On the other hand, two flavonol O-glycosides, kaempferol 3-O-glucosylrhamnoside (3) and kaempferol 3,4'-di-O-glycoside (4) and a flavone O-glycoside, genkwanin 4'-O-glucosyl-(1→3)-rhamnoside (5), were found from another chemotype (I-type) together with 6 and 7. In cases of Japanese Asplenium normale and related species, seven chemotypes have been reported. However, their chemotypes did not include flavonol O-glycosides and apigenin trirhamnoside. Apigenin 7-O-rhamnosyl-(1→4)-rhamnoside (1) and apigenin 7-O-rhamnosyl-(1→4)-rhamnoside-4'-O-rhamnoside (2) were reported in nature for the first time

Self-assembled monolayer of light-harvesting core complexes of photosynthetic bacteria on an amino-terminated ITO electrode

Light-harvesting antenna core (LH1-RC) complexes isolated from Rhodospirillum rubrum and Rhodopseudomonas palustris were successfully self-assembled on an ITO electrode modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. Near infra-red (NIR) absorption, fluorescence, and IR spectra of these LH1-RC complexes indicated that these LH1-RC complexes on the electrode were stable on the electrode. An efficient energy transfer and photocurrent responses of these LH1-RC complexes on the electrode were observed upon illumination of the LH1 complex at 880 nm