20 research outputs found
Clinical Outcome of Renal Artery Stenting for Hypertension and Chronic Kidney Disease up to 12 Months in the J-RAS Study
Scalable and robust multi-people head tracking by combining distributed multiple sensors
Method for Enhancing Cell Penetration of Gd<sup>3+</sup>-based MRI Contrast Agents by Conjugation with Hydrophobic Fluorescent Dyes
Gadolinium ion (Gd<sup>3+</sup>) complexes are commonly
used as
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents to enhance signals
in <i>T</i><sub>1</sub>-weighted MR images. Recently, several
methods to achieve cell-permeation of Gd<sup>3+</sup> complexes have
been reported, but more general and efficient methodology is needed.
In this report, we describe a novel method to achieve cell permeation
of Gd<sup>3+</sup> complexes by using hydrophobic fluorescent dyes
as a cell-permeability-enhancing unit. We synthesized Gd<sup>3+</sup> complexes conjugated with boron dipyrromethene (<b>BDP-Gd</b>) and Cy7 dye (<b>Cy7-Gd</b>), and showed that these conjugates
can be introduced efficiently into cells. To examine the relationship
between cell permeability and dye structure, we further synthesized
a series of <b>Cy7-Gd</b> derivatives. On the basis of MR imaging,
flow cytometry, and ICP-MS analysis of cells loaded with <b>Cy7-Gd</b> derivatives, highly hydrophobic and nonanionic dyes were effective
for enhancing cell permeation of Gd<sup>3+</sup> complexes. Furthermore,
the behavior of these <b>Cy7-Gd</b> derivatives was examined
in mice. Thus, conjugation of hydrophobic fluorescent dyes appears
to be an effective approach to improve the cell permeability of Gd<sup>3+</sup> complexes, and should be applicable for further development
of Gd<sup>3+</sup>-based MRI contrast agents