A STUDY OF THE "LEADING" PARTICLE EFFECT IN HADRON PHYSICS OVER A WIDE ENERGY RANGE

[Abstract] A study of the "leading" particle effect is reported for the productions of Kaon, Lambda, anti-Lambda and Sigma in the interactions of proton-proton at 405 GeV/c[5,6,14], proton-antiproton at 3 and 4 GeV/c[18-20]. And we compare theother experimental data which includes strangeness or non-strangeness mesons andbaryons over a wide energy range, center of energy of 25 to 62 GeV. Even the in-teractions at low energy, it is shown that the "leading" particle effect is presented clearly for baryon productions and also observed for meson productions in case of the particles contain initial quarks

Background Events on the Kamiokande Observation of Solar Neutrino Flux

[Abstract] The main background events seem to be caused by the low enegy atmospheric neutrinos. However, the events number can not interpleted by the expected numbers from the relevant cross sections ν_e+p→n+e^- and ν^^-_e+p→n+e^-. We show the number of background to be consistent with contribution of neutrons generated in nuclear showers initiated by muons underground, following to Ryazhskaya\u27s estimation

ORIGIN OF BACKGROUND EVENTS IN THE KAMIOKANDE MEASUREMENT

[Abstract]The observed number of background 5958±87 in 1036 days of the Kamiokande III measurement is not inconsistent with contribution of neutron flux generated in showers initiated by underground muons, whereas the contribution of atmospheric νe is less than 0.1 events

An Evaluation of Scattered Angular Distributions of Low Energy Electrons to a Solar Neutrino Flux of the Kamiokande Observation

[Abstract] In solar neutrino observations, there seems much contradictions among the Homestake, the Kamiokande and the Sage experimental results. We used other scattering angle distribution for low energy electrons produced by ^8B solar neutrinos in a place of the EGS4 code which has been used in the Kamiokande analysis, and obtained a fewer solar neutrino flux than the Kamiokande one

A Statistical Test on the Spatial Angular Distributions of Electrons from Neutrino Burst from SN 1987A of IMB and Kamiokande Groups

[Abstract] Using some statistical methods, many investigators have claimed on a basis of the polar angle "cos θ" distribution of neutrinos emitted from SN 1987A that the IMB data seem to be of a non-isotropic distribution, whereas the Kamiokande data show an isotropic distribution. It seems to be difficult to explain the distribution only by the capture process: ν^^-_e→n+e^+. They, however, haven\u27t availed the method statistically tested on the spherical distributions in which both the polar and azimuthal angles must be utilized in polar co-ordinates. Also, the azimuthal angle distribution of the IMB burst has been affected by the lack of tracks due to the failure in the supply of high-voltage power to a part of the PMT\u27s at the SN explosion time. Taking into account the effect of the lack of tracks and using the Rayleigh test on the spherical data, we find that the significance probability of 11. 8% is for an isotropic "cos θ" distribution. Accordingly, we conclude that both bursts observed by the IMB and Kamiokande groups are not in contradiction to the assumption that all events are due to ν^^-_e→n+e^+ in accordance with the standard model of a supernova explosion