Combined use of repeated active shots and ambient noise to detect temporal changes in seismic velocity: application to Sakurajima volcano, Japan

Additional file 1. Comparison of the results of coda-wave interferometry and seismic interferometry on the almost identical wave paths. Gray dots in top two panels are daily dv/v values obtained from seismic interferometry. The dv/v values obtained from coda-wave interferometry are shown by red squares and are overwritten assuming that the results for the 2012 experiment are the same as those on the same day from seismic interferometry. Error bars show Âą one standard deviation. Spatial distribution of three seismometers (squares) and a shot point (star) used in top two panels is shown in the bottom panel with black letters and red letters, respectively

NAFLDの組織像と生活習慣病の関連性について 1)NASHにおけるHMG-CoA 還元酵素阻害剤の有効性について 2)NAFLDの線維化進行には２型糖尿病が関与する，日本人におけるラージコホート研究

内容の要旨 , 審査の要旨広島大学(Hiroshima University)博士(医学)Doctor of Philosophy in Medical Sciencedoctora

Charmonium near the deconfining transition on the lattice

We study the charmonium properties at finite temperature using quenched lattice QCD simulations. Although a simple potential model analysis indicates no bound state at $T>1.05T_c$, our analyses of the spatial correlation between quark and anti-quark and the spectral function indicate that a bound-state-like structure may survive even above $T_c$.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, Talk presented at the PANIC02 conference, Sept. 30 - Oct. 4, 2002, Osaka, Japa

Outcomes of Damage Control Surgery for Abdominal Trauma Evaluated Using the Trauma and Injury Severity Score and Lethal Triad in a Single Institution

In trauma management, damage control surgery is an effective approach to decrease the incidence of preventable trauma death. In this study, we aimed to investigate the survival outcomes and clinical factors in patients undergoing damage control surgery for severe abdominal trauma, in relation to trauma severity based on the trauma and injury severity score and lethal triad (hypothermia, metabolic acidosis, and coagulopathy), to assess the indicators of mortality and criteria for performing damage control surgery. Fifteen patients with severe abdominal trauma underwent damage control surgery from January 2011 to September 2017. We compared the short-term outcomes and perioperative factors associated with the trauma and injury severity score and the lethal triad between survivors and non-survivors. Of the 15 included patients, eight (53.3%) survived and seven (46.7%) died. No preventable deaths occurred. The patient characteristics, including age, sex, and mechanism of injury were not related to survival. The injury severity score (p = 0.035) and abbreviated injury scale score of the head (p = 0.005) were significantly higher among the nonsurvivors than among the survivors. Of the lethal triad, the incidence of metabolic acidosis was significantly higher in the non-survivors (p < 0.050). This study found that head injury and metabolic acidosis are predictors of mortality. These indications provide a practical basis for determining whether to use damage control surgery and postoperative management

TIME ANALYSIS OF SONKYO MOTION IN PROFESSIONAL SUMO-WRESTLERS

The purpose of this study was to investigate the spend time for sonkyo motion in professional sumo-wrestlers. The sumo tournament which held in September 2007 was videotaped. And using this film, the motion time was measured. Moreover 5 motion phases were defined in matches respectively. Results indicated that Yokoduna (the highest ranker) showed the longest motion time in these wrestlers. It is generous that slow speed motion indicates having room to breathe. This may suggest that Yokoduna has the dignity as the highest in rank. Therefore Yokoduna showed this result. However there is no evidence to clarify that thing. It is necessarily to correct more data of motion time in order to clarify the relationship between motion time and rank in further study

Reactivity of CA19-9 and CA125 in Histological Subtypes of Epithelial Ovarian Tumors and Ovarian Endometriosis

Previous reports have shown that some ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinomas and ovarian clear cell adenocarcinomas derive from ovarian endometriosis (OE), and that endocervical-like mucinous borderline ovarian tumors are associated with OE. We examined the relationship between the staging and histological subtypes of OE or epithelial ovarian tumors (EOT) and the serum levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) to evaluate the potential of these markers for preoperative diagnosis. First, we analyzed the preoperative serum levels of CA19-9 and CA125 in 195 patients who were histopathologically diagnosed with OE or EOT. We then performed a case-control study in which 308 women were enrolled, the 195 women described above and 113 healthy women as control subjects. Serum CA19-9 and CA125 levels were found to be useful in differentiating between OE and serous adenocarcinoma, but not between OE and other EOT. Moreover, serum CA19-9 levels were useful for preoperative assessment between OE and stage I mucinous borderline ovarian tumors, with or without the interstitial infiltration. In addition, considering that the serum CA19-9 levels in stage I mucinous borderline ovarian tumors were elevated via the interstitial infiltration of leukocytes and that precancerous lesions are associated with a cancerous glycosylation disorder in the process of inflammatory carcinogenesis, the CA19-9 level may be considered a suitable biomarker for estimating drug susceptibility

Covalent N-arylation by the pollutant 1,2-naphthoquinone activates the EGF receptor

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is the most intensively investigated receptor tyrosine kinase. Several EGFR mutations and modifications have been shown to lead to abnormal self-activation, which plays a critical role in carcinogenesis. Environmental air pollutants, which are associated with cancer and respiratory diseases, can also activate EGFR. Specifically, the environmental electrophile 1,2-naphthoquinone (1,2-NQ), a component of diesel exhaust particles and particulate matter more generally, has previously been shown to impact EGFR signaling. However, the detailed mechanism of 1,2-NQ function is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that 1,2-NQ is a novel chemical activator of EGFR but not other EGFR family proteins. We found that 1,2-NQ forms a covalent bond, in a reaction referred to as N-arylation, with Lys80, which is in the ligand-binding domain. This modification activates the EGFR–Akt signaling pathway, which inhibits serum deprivation–induced cell death in a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line. Our study reveals a novel mode of EGFR pathway activation and suggests a link between abnormal EGFR activation and environmental pollutant–associated diseases such as cancer

Proximal Vertebral Body Fracture after 4-Level Fusion Using L1 as the Upper Instrumented Vertebra for Lumbar Degenerative Disease: Report of 2 Cases with Literature Review

Some cases with lumbar degenerative diseases require multi-level fusion surgeries. At our institute, 27 and 4 procedures of 3- and 4-level fusion were performed out of a total 672 posterior lumbar interfusions (PLIFs) on patients with lumbar degenerative disease from 2005 to 2010. We present 2 osteoporotic patients who developed proximal vertebral body fracture after 4-level fusion. Both cases presented with gait disability for leg pain by degenerative lumbar scoliosis and canal stenosis at the levels of L1/2-4/5. After 4-level fusion using L1 as the upper instrumented vertebra, proximal vertebral body fractures were found along with the right pedicle fractures of L1 in both cases. One of these patients, aged 82 years, was treated as an outpatient using a hard corset for 24 months, but the fractures were exacerbated over time. In the other patient, posterolateral fusion was extended from Th10 to L5. Both patients can walk alone and have been thoroughly followed up. In both cases, the fracture of the right L1 pedicle might be related to the subsequent fractures and fusion failure. In consideration of multi-level fusion, L1 should be avoided as an upper instrumented vertebra to prevent junctional kyphosis, especially in cases with osteoporosis and flat back posture

Quantitative Analysis of the Effects of a Bangerter Filter on Gross Stereopsis in Experimental Models of Reduced Visual Acuity

Although a 0.3 Bangerter filter, which reduces visual acuity, is frequently used for treating moderate amblyopia, the effects on gross stereopsis are not well known. This study quantitatively evaluated whether gross stereopsis is degraded by a Bangerter filter. Seven healthy subjects (median age: 29 years) participated in this psychophysical study. Targets with crossed disparities of 1°, 2°, 3°, 4°, and 5° were randomly presented on a three-dimensional television display. The subjects indicated the point at which the targets popped out from the television screen (matching method). The distance from the screen to the point was defined as the degree of stereopsis. This experiment was performed with and without a 0.3 Bangerter filter. The corrected monocular visual acuities were decreased to about 20/63 by the filter in all subjects. No significant difference was observed for any of the disparities (1°-5°), between the degree of stereopsis visualized with and without filters for either the dominant or the non-dominant eye. The degree of stereopsis was not degraded by the reduced visual acuity induced by the use of 0.3 Bangerter filters. In this regard, the use of 0.3 Bangerter filters may be considered safer than occlusion eye patches for the patients with normal binocular vision