6 research outputs found
Search for gravitational-lensing signatures in the full third observing run of the LIGO-Virgo network
Gravitational lensing by massive objects along the line of sight to the source causes distortions of gravitational wave-signals; such distortions may reveal information about fundamental physics, cosmology and astrophysics. In this work, we have extended the search for lensing signatures to all binary black hole events from the third observing run of the LIGO--Virgo network. We search for repeated signals from strong lensing by 1) performing targeted searches for subthreshold signals, 2) calculating the degree of overlap amongst the intrinsic parameters and sky location of pairs of signals, 3) comparing the similarities of the spectrograms amongst pairs of signals, and 4) performing dual-signal Bayesian analysis that takes into account selection effects and astrophysical knowledge. We also search for distortions to the gravitational waveform caused by 1) frequency-independent phase shifts in strongly lensed images, and 2) frequency-dependent modulation of the amplitude and phase due to point masses. None of these searches yields significant evidence for lensing. Finally, we use the non-detection of gravitational-wave lensing to constrain the lensing rate based on the latest merger-rate estimates and the fraction of dark matter composed of compact objects
Effects of Increased Water Evaporation from the Medium on Medium Temperature and the Growth of Pansy and Cyclamen during High Temperature Period
Porphyrins Sheathed in Quadrupolar Solvation Spheres of Hexafluorobenzene: Solvation-Induced Fluorescence Enhancement and Conformational Confinement
Hexafluorobenzene
(C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>6</sub>) strongly solvated
the porphyrin ring via a quadrupolar interaction. The solvation sphere
of C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>6</sub> hindered the thermal fluctuations near
the porphyrin ring and evoked remarkable photoelectronic properties
of the porphyrins such as fluorescence enhancement and spectral sharpening
due to confined torsional planarity
Realtime Monitoring of Local Sweat Rate Kinetics during Constant-Load Exercise Using Perspiration-Meter with Airflow Compensation System
Epidermal wearable sweat biomarker sensing technologies are likely affected by sweat rate because of the dilution effect and limited measurement methods. However, there is a dearth of reports on the local sweat rate (LSR) monitored in real-time during exercise. This explorative study investigated the feasibility of real-time LSR monitoring and clarified LSR kinetics on the forehead and upper arm during constant-load exercise using a perspiration meter with an airflow compensation system. This observational cross-sectional study included 18 recreationally trained males (mean age, 20.6 ± 0.8 years). LSR on the forehead and upper arm (mg/cm2/min) were measured during a constant-load exercise test at 25% of their pre-evaluated peak power until exhaustion. The LSR kinetics had two inflection points, with a gradual decrease in the incremental slope for each section. After the second flexion point, the LSR slope slightly decreased and was maintained until exhaustion. However, the degree of change varied among the participants. Although the ratio of forehead LSR to upper arm LSR tended to decrease gradually over time, there was little change in this ratio after a second flexion point of LSR in both. These findings suggest possible differences in LSR control between the forehead and upper arm during constant-load exercise to prolonged exhaustion
Group 14 Dithienometallole-Linked Ethynylene-Conjugated Porphyrin Dimers
The
considerably conjugated π systems of the group 14 dithienometallole-linked
ethynylene-conjugated porphyrin dimers (<b>1M</b>s) were described
based on comprehensive experimental and theoretical studies. The electronic
absorption spectra of <b>1M</b> displayed a large splitting
in the Soret band and a red-shifted Q-band, indicating that the dithienometallole
spacer was effective in facilitating the porphyrin–porphyrin
electronic coupling. Torsional planarization behaviors of <b>1M</b> were observed in the time-resolved fluorescence spectra. Density
functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the dithienometallole
spacer is an ideal partner for the ethynylene-conjugated porphyrin
to produce fully delocalized highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)
and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) levels due to their
similar HOMO and LUMO levels. Finally, <b>1M</b> exhibited a
strong propensity for the quinoidal–cummulenic conjugation
in the dithienometallole spacer when in a photoexcited state
The Current Status and Future Prospects of KAGRA, the Large-Scale Cryogenic Gravitational Wave Telescope Built in the Kamioka Underground
International audienceKAGRA is a gravitational-wave (GW) detector constructed in Japan with two unique key features: It was constructed underground, and the test-mass mirrors are cooled to cryogenic temperatures. These features are not included in other kilometer-scale detectors but will be adopted in future detectors such as the Einstein Telescope. KAGRA performed its first joint observation run with GEO600 in 2020. In this observation, the sensitivity of KAGRA to GWs was inferior to that of other kilometer-scale detectors such as LIGO and Virgo. However, further upgrades to the detector are ongoing to reach the sensitivity for detecting GWs in the next observation run, which is scheduled for 2022. In this article, the current situation, sensitivity, and future perspectives are reviewed.</jats:p