Synthesis of single-phase L10-FeNi magnet powder by nitrogen insertion and topotactic extraction

Tetrataenite (L10-FeNi) is a promising candidate for use as a permanent magnet free of rare-earth elements because of its favorable properties. In this study, single-phase L10-FeNi powder with a high degree of order was synthesized through a new method, nitrogen insertion and topotactic extraction (NITE). In the method, FeNiN, which has the same ordered arrangement as L10-FeNi, is formed by nitriding A1-FeNi powder with ammonia gas. Subsequently, FeNiN is denitrided by topotactic reaction to derive single-phase L10-FeNi with an order parameter of 0.71. The transformation of disordered-phase FeNi into the L10 phase increased the coercive force from 14.5 kA/m to 142 kA/m. The proposed method not only significantly accelerates the development of magnets using L10-FeNi but also offers a new synthesis route to obtain ordered alloys in non-equilibrium states

Random regression for modeling soybean plant response to irrigation changes using time-series multispectral data

Plant response to drought is an important yield-related trait under abiotic stress, but the method for measuring and modeling plant responses in a time series has not been fully established. The objective of this study was to develop a method to measure and model plant response to irrigation changes using time-series multispectral (MS) data. We evaluated 178 soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) accessions under three irrigation treatments at the Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Japan in 2019, 2020 and 2021. The irrigation treatments included W5: watering for 5 d followed by no watering 5 d, W10: watering for 10 d followed by no watering 10 d, D10: no watering for 10 d followed by watering 10 d, and D: no watering. To capture the plant responses to irrigation changes, time-series MS data were collected by unmanned aerial vehicle during the irrigation/non-irrigation switch of each irrigation treatment. We built a random regression model (RRM) for each of combination of treatment by year using the time-series MS data. To test the accuracy of the information captured by RRM, we evaluated the coefficient of variation (CV) of fresh shoot weight of all accessions under a total of nine different drought conditions as an indicator of plant’s stability under drought stresses. We built a genomic prediction model (MTRRM model) using the genetic random regression coefficients of RRM as secondary traits and evaluated the accuracy of each model for predicting CV. In 2020 and 2021,the mean prediction accuracies of MTRRM models built in the changing irrigation treatments (r = 0.44 and 0.49, respectively) were higher than that in the continuous drought treatment (r = 0.34 and 0.44, respectively) in the same year. When the CV was predicted using the MTRRM model across 2020 and 2021 in the changing irrigation treatment, the mean prediction accuracy (r = 0.46) was 42% higher than that of the simple genomic prediction model (r =0.32). The results suggest that this RRM method using the time-series MS data can effectively capture the genetic variation of plant response to drought

Interface Tailoring Effect for Heusler Based CPP-GMR with an L12-Type Ag3Mg Spacer

Current perpendicular-to-plane (CPP) giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effects are of interest in a possible application of magnetic sensor elements, such as read-head of hard disk drives. To improve the junction performance, the interface tailoring effects were investigated for the Heulser alloy, Co2Fe0.4Mn0.6Si (CFMS), based CPP-GMR junctions with an L 1 2 -Ag3Mg ordered alloy spacer. Ultra-thin Fe or Mg inserts were utilized for the CFMS/Ag3Mg interfaces, and CPP-GMR at low bias current density, J and the J dependence were evaluated for the junctions. Although, at low bias J, MR ratio decreased with increasing the inserts thickness, the device output at high bias J exhibited quite weak dependence on the insert thickness. The output voltages of the order of 4 mV were obtained for the junctions regardless of the insert at an optimal bias J for each. The critical current density J c was evaluated by the shape of MR curves depending on J. J c increased with the insert thicknesses up to 0.45 nm. The enhancement of J c suggests that spin-transfer-torque effect may reduce in the junctions with inserts, which enables a reduction of noise and can be an advantage for device applications

Non-mucinous lepidic predominant adenocarcinoma presenting with extensive aerogenous spread

An extremely rare case of non-mucinous lepidic-predominant invasive adenocarcinoma (LPA) showing extensive aerogenous spread with a pneumonic presentation is reported. A 73-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of an infiltrative shadow on chest xray. Chest computed tomography revealed extensive ground glass opacities in the right lower lobe, which was accompanied by infiltrative shadow with a pneumonic presentation. Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma was presumed, and a partial resection of the right lower lobe was done. Histopathological examination revealed lepidic growth-predominant invasive adenocarcinoma with Clara type tumor cells, and there were innumerable aerogenous metastases also consisting of Clara cells. Because Alcian Blue and periodic acid-Schiff staining disclosed no mucus, the tumor was diagnosed as a non-mucinous LPA. The patient showed a poor response to 5 courses of pemetrexed, and she died one year after the diagnosis due to cancer progression. Nonmucinous LPA showed a rare presentation characterized by extensive aerogenous spread followed by a poor prognosis