Ultrastructural alteration of the cell surface of Staphylococcus aureus cultured in a different salt condition

Staphylococcus aureus growing in a normal NaGI medium has a specific NaGI tolerance property to grow in the medium contain. ing NaGl in as high a concentration as over 10%. In our comparative study of the cells proliferating in the normal NaGI medium and 10% NaGl medium, we have observed the following differences aside from the changes of lipid composition in the cytoplasmic membrane previously reported. 1. S. aureus grown in high NaGl medium undergoes changes as to increase its size and reduce its surface area. 2. The thickness and weight of cell wall are increased to about 1. 7 times and 1. 32 times, respectively. 3. The protoplast prepared from S. aureus growing in the high NaGI medium shows a weaker resistance to hypotonic condition than that from normal cell.</p

STM observation of the quantum interference effect in finite-sized graphite

Superperiodic patterns were observed by STM on two kinds of finite-sized graphene sheets. One is nanographene sheets inclined from a highly oriented pyrolitic graphite (HOPG) substrate and the other is several-layer-thick graphene sheets with dislocation-network structures against a HOPG substrate. As for the former, the in-plane periodicity increased gradually in the direction of inclination, and it is easily changed by attachment of a nanographite flake on the nanographene sheets. The oscillation pattern can be explained by the interference of electron waves confined in the inclined nanographene sheets. As for the latter, patterns and their corrugation amplitudes depended on the bias voltage and on the terrace height from the HOPG substrate. The interference effect by the perturbed and unperturbed waves in the overlayer is responsible for the patterns whose local density of states varies in space.Comment: 11 pages; 2 figures; accepted for publication in J. Phys. Chem. Solids; ISIC1

A Novel Method for Constructing β-D-Mannosidic, 2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-mannosidic, and 2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexopyranosidic Units from the Bis(triflate) Derivative of β-D-Galactoside

An efficient construction of the β-D-mannosidic, 2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-mannosidic, 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-β-D-mannosidic, and 2-deoxy-β-D-arabino-hexopyranosidic units from the same intermediate, 2-4-bis(O-trifluoromethylsulfonyl) derivative of β-D-galactoside, was achieved in good yields in a stepwise inversion at C-4 and C-2 by using cesium acetate, n-Bu4NN3, n-Bu4NF, and n-Bu4NBH4. A convenient and practical protection of β-D-mannoside to the straightforward synthesis of antennary oligosaccharides was also achieved by using cesium trifluoroacetate

Kohn anomalies in graphene nanoribbons

The quantum corrections to the energies of the $\Gamma$ point optical phonon modes (Kohn anomalies) in graphene nanoribbons are investigated. We show theoretically that the longitudinal optical modes undergo a Kohn anomaly effect, while the transverse optical modes do not. In relation to Raman spectroscopy, we show that the longitudinal modes are not Raman active near the zigzag edge, while the transverse optical modes are not Raman active near the armchair edge. These results are useful for identifying the orientation of the edge of graphene nanoribbons by G band Raman spectroscopy, as is demonstrated experimentally. The differences in the Kohn anomalies for nanoribbons and for metallic single wall nanotubes are pointed out, and our results are explained in terms of pseudospin effects.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figure

マリアナ弧北端部の熱水活動域（日光海山）より単離した新規Epsilon-Proteobacteriaの諸性質

BE09-P99ポスター要旨 / ブルーアース2009（2009年3月12日～13日, 立教大学池袋キャンパス）http://www.godac.jamstec.go.jp/darwin/cruise/natsushima/nt05-18/

MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATION OF LI-ION COORDINATION STRUCTURE AND TRANSPORT PROPERTIES IN LIB ELECTROLYTES: INFLUENCE OF MOLECULAR SIZE

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are currently attracting much attention because electric vehicles and large storage batteries are becoming widespread. For lightweight and efficient usability, LIB performance for safety, capacity, charge/discharge cycle characteristics, and electric current must be improved. Development of high performance LIB relies mostly on progress of materials used for electrolytes and electrodes. In particular, electrolytes are an important factor because they play a role in carrying charged substances, i.e. ions, between separated electrodes. The ion-carrying performance depends on the choice of electrolyte, and thus, in this study, we discuss the relationship between the geometric shape of molecules used as electrolytes and their physical properties, using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We showed that, as the smaller solvent is used, ionic conductivity of the system is further enhanced. MD simulations showed that there are two main reasons for this behavior. First, a smaller radius allows the solvent molecule to diffuse easily. Consequently, when solvent molecules frequently surround a lithium ion, and the diffusion coefficient of the lithium ion becomes larger. Second, because small solvent molecules naturally come close to ions, salt (composed of cations and anions) is forced to be dissociated because of the solvent molecules, and the degree of salt dissociation increases

Three Severe Cases of Viral Infections with Post-Kidney Transplantation Successfully Confirmed by Polymerase Chain Reaction and Flow Cytometry

Viral infections in patients with post-kidney transplantation are often difficult to diagnose as well as treat. We herein report three cases with severe viral infections after kidney transplantation. All their causative pathogens could be detected promptly by polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry during the early stages of infection. These examinations would also be of great use to monitor therapeutic responses and disease activity. It is indeed true that no specific treatment is available for most of the viral infections, but we should be aware that some infections, such as Epstein-Barr virus infection, can be treatable with prompt and specific treatment, such as rituximab

N-アセチルラクトサミン・キトビオースのアノマー位活性化および部分保護

糖鎖合成における従来法より効果的な新規ブロック合成法の確立のため､近年酵素合成可能となった二糖(N-アセチルラクトサミン､キトビオース)を用いて､アノマー位の活性化および部分保護について検討を行った結果､グリコシド化反応においてビリジニウム-p-トルエンスルホナート(PPTS)が2-アミノ糖で一般に用いられる酸触媒よりも効果的であることが判明した｡講演番号：3 A1 1

STM observation of electronic wave interference effect in finite-sized graphite with dislocation-network structures

Superperiodic patterns near a step edge were observed by STM on several-layer-thick graphite sheets on a highly oriented pyrolitic graphite substrate, where a dislocation network is generated at the interface between the graphite overlayer and the substrate. Triangular- and rhombic-shaped periodic patterns whose periodicities are around 100 nm were observed on the upper terrace near the step edge. In contrast, only outlines of the patterns similar to those on the upper terrace were observed on the lower terrace. On the upper terrace, their geometrical patterns gradually disappeared and became similar to those on the lower terrace without any changes of their periodicity in increasing a bias voltage. By assuming a periodic scattering potential at the interface due to dislocations, the varying corrugation amplitudes of the patterns can be understood as changes in LDOS as a result of the beat of perturbed and unperturbed waves, i.e. the interference in an overlayer. The observed changes in the image depending on an overlayer height and a bias voltage can be explained by the electronic wave interference in the ultra-thin overlayer distorted under the influence of dislocation-network structures.Comment: 8 pages; 6 figures; Paper which a part of cond-mat/0311068 is disscussed in detai