Three-Dimensional Comparison in Palatal Forms Between Modified Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding Plate and Hotz's Plate Applied to the Infants With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

AbstractThe presurgical nasoalveolar molding plate appliance with stent (PNAM) extended from the palatal molding plate; to correct the nostril shape of infants with cleft lip and palate is well known. The PNAM appliance is based on the finding that a high degree of plasticity is maintained in the cartilage of infants during the first 6 weeks after birth. However, on the current PNAM protocol described by Grayson et al. the nasal stent is supposed to be an adjunct to the palatal molding plate after reducing the severity of the alveolar cleft width. We have used the modified Hotz's plate from the setup model and built up the nasal stent even before reducing the severity of the alveolar deformity. In this study we assess the effects of the modified Hotz's plate and the modified PNAM appliance for the alveolar and palatal form. The lateral deviation of the incisal point, the width of the palatal cleft, and the degree of curvature of the palatal vault were first evaluated on plaster models. The PNAM group is smaller on the lateral deviation of the incisal point than the modified Hotz's group. The decreased average width of the palatal cleft and curvature of the palate, was almost the same in both the modified Hotz's and PNAM groups. In comparison with the modified Hotz's plate, the modified PNAM appliance also improves the molding of the alveolar segments and reduces cleft width

Laparoscopic liver resection of segment seven: A case report and review of surgical techniques

Introduction Laparoscopic liver resection of segment seven (LLR-S7) is a technically challenging procedure due to its anatomical location and difficult accessibility. Herein, we present our experience with LLR-S7, and demonstrate a literature review regarding surgical techniques. Presentation of case A 28-year-old female was diagnosed with rectosigmoid cancer and synchronous liver metastases at the segment three (S3) and S7, which were treated with laparoscopic procedure. After the completely mobilization of the right lobe, the Glissonean pedicle of S7 (G7) was intrahepatically transected. The right hepatic vein was exposed to identify the venous branch of S7 (V7). Finally the liver parenchyma between RHV and dissection line was divided. Discussion Various laparoscopic approaches for S7 have been reported including the Glissonian approach from the hilum, the intrahepatic Glissonean approach, the caudate lobe first approach, and the lateral approach from intercostal ports. To perform LLR-S7 safely, it is important to understand the advantage of each technique including the trocar placement and approaches to S7 by laparoscopy. Conclusion We present our experience of LLR-S7 for the tumor located at the top of S7, successfully performed with the intrahepatic Glissonean approach. LLR-S7 can be performed safely with advanced laparoscopic techniques and sufficient knowledge on various approaches for S7

Surgical Strategies to Approaching the Splenic Artery in Robotic Distal Pancreatectomy

Background/Aim: Understanding different surgical approaches and anatomical landmarks adjacent to the splenic artery (SpA) is important for safe robotic distal pancreatectomy (RDP). Herein, we propose our standardized RDP techniques, focusing on these issues. Patients and Methods: Between April 2021 and April 2022, 19 patients who underwent RDP at our Institution were reviewed. Anatomical patterns of the SpA were classified into three types: Type 1, no pancreatic parenchyma on the root of the SpA; type 2, any pancreatic parenchyma on the root of the SpA; and type 3, dorsal pancreatic artery around the bifurcation of the common hepatic artery and SpA. Next, the surgical strategy for approaching the SPA was determined according to the location of the pancreatic transection line: On the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) or on the left side of the root of the SpA. Results: There were seven cases of type 1, nine cases of type 2, and three cases of type 3. When transecting the pancreas on the SMV, the SpA-first ligation technique was used for type 1 SpA anatomy, and the pancreas-first division technique was applied for types 2 and 3. In patients in whom the pancreas was transected at the left side of the root of the SpA, the SpA-first ligation technique was used. Conclusion: Our standardized surgical strategy based on anatomical landmarks and focusing on the approach to the SpA in RDP is demonstrated. Our strategy should help trainees approach the SpA and perform RDP safely

Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor of the accessory papilla of the duodenum: a case report

BackgroundContrary to the increasing incidence of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs), GEP-NETs of the accessory papilla of the duodenum are extremely rare. Furthermore, there have been no recommendations regarding the treatment strategy for GEP-NETs of the accessory papilla of the duodenum. We present a case of GEP-NET of the accessory papilla of the duodenum successfully treated with robotic pancreatoduodenectomy.Case presentationA case of a 70-year-old complaining of no symptoms was diagnosed with GEP-NET of the accessory papilla of the duodenum. A 8-mm tumor was located at the submucosal layer with a biopsy demonstrating a neuroendocrine tumor grade 1. The patient underwent robotic pancreatoduodenectomy as curative resection for the tumor. The total operative time was 406 min with an estimated blood loss of 150 mL. The histological examination revealed a well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor with low Ki-67 index (<1%). In the posterior areas of the pancreas, the lymph node metastases were detected. The patient was followed up for 6 months with no recurrence postoperatively.ConclusionsConsidering the potential risks of the lymph node metastases, the standard treatment strategy for GEP-NETs of the accessory papilla of the duodenum should be radical resection with pancreatoduodenectomy. Minimally invasive approach can be the alternative to the conventional open surgery

A novel modified hanging maneuver in laparoscopic left hemihepatectomy

Introduction The liver hanging maneuver is an essential technique for controlling bleeding in hepatectomy, however it is often difficult in laparoscopic major hepatectomy. The present study describes a novel modified hanging maneuver in laparoscopic left hemihepatectomy. Presentation of case A 29-year-old female underwent laparoscopic left hemihepatectomy for mucinous cystic neoplasm. After mobilizing the left lobe, the liver parenchyma was dissected along the demarcation line. For the hanging technique, the upper edge of the hanging tape was placed on the lateral side of the left hepatic vein, and fixed with the Falciform ligament. The lower edge of the tape was extracted outside the abdomen. Accordingly the hanging tape can be controlled extraperitoneally during the liver parenchyma dissection. Discussion This technique includes several advantages including no need of assistance using forceps, easy control of the hanging tape extraperitoneally, outflow control, better exposure of surgical field, and helpful guide of the liver dissection line toward the root of the left hepatic vein. Conclusion Our novel modified hanging maneuver is easy and reproducible to use in laparoscopic left hemihepatectomy. Moreover, this technique can be applied to other laparoscopic hepatectomy

Multiple Hepatolithiasis Following Hepaticojejunostomy Successfully Treated with Left Hemihepatectomy and Double Hepaticojejunostomy Reconstruction

Surgical intervention for hepatolithiasis following hepaticojejunostomy (HJ) has rarely been reported. Herein, we present a case of post-HJ multiple hepatolithiasis treated with left hemihepatectomy with double HJ reconstruction. A 72-year-old woman who had undergone HJ for iatrogenic bile duct injury developed repeated cholangitis due to complicated hepatolithiasis accompanied by an atrophied left hepatic lobe and HJ stricture. Since endoscopic intervention was unsuccessful, the patient underwent left hemihepatectomy with HJ re-anastomoses of the common hepatic duct and left hepatic duct (double HJ technique). The double HJ technique with hepatectomy can be a useful option for treating complicated hepatolithiasis following HJ

Surgical training model and safe implementation of robotic pancreatoduodenectomy in Japan: a technical note

Background Growing evidence for the advantages of robotic pancreatoduodenectomy (RPD) has been demonstrated internationally. However, there has been no structured training program for RPD in Japan. Herein, we present the surgical training model of RPD and a standardized protocol for surgical technique. Methods The surgical training model and surgical technique were standardized in order to implement RPD safely, based on the Dutch training system collaborated with the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. Results The surgical training model included various trainings such as basic robotic training, simulation training, biotissue training, and a surgical video review. Furthermore, a standardized protocol on the surgical technique was established to understand the tips, tricks, and pitfalls of RPD. Conclusions Safe implementation of RPD can be achieved through the completion of a structured training program and learning surgical technique. A nationwide structured training system should be developed to implement the program safely in Japan

Impact of sarcopenia on clinical outcomes for patients with resected hepatocellular carcinoma:a retrospective comparison of Eastern and Western cohorts

BACKGROUND: Patient fitness is important for guiding treatment. Muscle mass, as a reflection thereof, can be objectively measured. However, the role of East-West differences remains unclear. Therefore, we compared the impact of muscle mass on clinical outcomes after liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a Dutch [the Netherlands (NL)] and Japanese [Japan (JP)] setting and evaluated the predictive performance of different cutoff values for sarcopenia. METHOD: In this multicenter retrospective cohort study, patients with HCC undergoing liver resection were included. The skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was determined on computed tomography scans obtained within 3 months before surgery. The primary outcome measure was overall survival (OS). Secondary outcome measures were: 90-day mortality, severe complications, length of stay, and recurrence-free survival. The predictive performance of several sarcopenia cutoff values was studied using the concordance index (C-index) and area under the curve. Interaction terms were used to study the geographic effect modification of muscle mass. RESULTS: Demographics differed between NL and JP. Gender, age, and body mass index were associated with SMI. Significant effect modification between NL and JP was found for BMI. The predictive performance of sarcopenia for both short-term and long-term outcomes was higher in JP compared to NL (maximum C-index: 0.58 vs. 0.55, respectively). However, differences between cutoff values were small. For the association between sarcopenia and OS, a strong association was found in JP [hazard ratio (HR) 2.00, 95% CI [1.230-3.08], P =0.002], where this was not found in NL (0.76 [0.42-1.36], P =0.351). The interaction term confirmed that this difference was significant (HR 0.37, 95% CI [0.19-0.73], P =0.005). CONCLUSIONS: The impact of sarcopenia on survival differs between the East and West. Clinical trials and treatment guidelines using sarcopenia for risk stratification should be validated in race-dependent populations prior to clinical adoption.</p

Usefulness of Middle Colic Artery Transposition Technique for Hepatic Arterial Reconstruction in Conversion Surgery for an Initially Unresectable, Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer

The outcomes of pancreatectomy with resection and reconstruction of the involved arteries for locally advanced pancreatic cancer following chemotherapy have improved in recent years. In pancreatic head cancers in which there is contact with the common and proper hepatic arteries, margin-negative resection requires pancreati-coduodenectomy, with the resection of these arteries and the restoration of hepatic arterial flow. Here, we describe a middle colic artery transposition technique in hepatic arterial reconstruction during pancreatoduo-denectomy for an initially unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer. This technique was effective and may provide a new option for hepatic artery reconstruction in such cases