Off-shell BRST-VSUSY superalgebra for D=4 BF theories in the superconnection formalism

We propose the superconnection formalism to construct the off-shell BRST-VSUSY superalgebra for D=4 BF theories. The method is based on the natural introduction of physical fields as well as auxiliary fields via superconnections and their associated supercurvatures defined on a superspace. We also give a prescription to build the off-shell BRST-VSUSY exact quantum action.Comment: Latex, 13 pages, no figures, comments and references adde

Monte Carlo simulation of a hard-sphere gas in the planar Fourier flow with a gravity field

By means of the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo method, the Boltzmann equation is numerically solved for a gas of hard spheres enclosed between two parallel plates kept at different temperatures and subject to the action of a gravity field normal to the plates. The profiles of pressure, density, temperature and heat flux are seen to be quite sensitive to the value of the gravity acceleration $g$. If the gravity field and the heat flux are parallel ($g>0$), the magnitudes of both the temperature gradient and the heat flux are smaller than in the opposite case ($g<0$). When considering the actual heat flux relative to the value predicted by the Fourier law, it is seen that, if $g>0$, the ratio increases as the reduced local field strength increases, while the opposite happens if $g<0$. The simulation results are compared with theoretical predictions for Maxwell moleculesComment: 18 pages (LaTex), 7 figures (eps

Toxicité du macérât de Carica papaya L. contre Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)

Par des tests biologiques, cette étude a examiné, au laboratoire, les effets du macérât de graines de C. papaya sur la toxicité, la survie, l'alimentation et la tâche de construction de galeries des ouvriers du termite souterrain Formosan, Coptotermes formosanus. Dans les bio-essais, le macérât non fermenté de graines et celui fermenté de 1 et 7 jours ont réduit de façon significative la survie des termites, par rapport aux témoins. 50% de la mortalité de la population est obtenue 5 à 6 jours après l’acquisition de la dose de macérât par voie cutanée comme orale. Dans les tests d’excavation avec le macérât non fermenté de graines, à la concentration de 15 et 18% d’humidité du sol barrière, la survie, la mobilité de la population, la construction de galeries et la consommation alimentaire a considérablement été réduites par rapport aux témoins. Le macérât de graines de C. papaya pourrait être efficace en tant que barrière dans la prévention et dans le contrôle des infestations par des termites souterrains dans les systèmes culturaux.Mots-clés : termite souterrain, coptotermes, carica papaya, toxicité, barrière du sol.Toxicity of the macerate of Carica papaya L. Against Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)This study investigated in lab the effects of the macerate of C. papaya seed on toxicity, survivorship, feeding and tunneling behaviour on workers of the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus. The bioassays showed that C. papaya seed macerate no fermented and fermented at 1 and 7 days, have significantly reduced the survival of termites, compared with controls. 50% of the population mortality is obtained 5-6 days after the acquisition of the dermal as oral macerate dose. In excavation choice assays, at 15 and 18% sand-moisture of no fermented seed, survivorship, mobility of termite population, tunnel area and food consumption had significantly reduced, compared with the control. C. papaya seeds macerate could be effective like at providing a barrier to prevention control of termite subterranean infestation in agronomy cropping systems.Keywords : subterranean termite, coptotermes, carica papaya, toxicity, soil barrier

On Auxiliary Fields in BF Theories

We discuss the structure of auxiliary fields for non-Abelian BF theories in arbitrary dimensions. By modifying the classical BRST operator, we build the on-shell invariant complete quantum action. Therefore, we introduce the auxiliary fields which close the BRST algebra and lead to the invariant extension of the classical action.Comment: 7 pages, minor changes, typos in equations corrected and acknowledgements adde

Pathogenic Microbiological Flora Recovered From Ear, Nose And Throat Specimens In A Regional Hospital In Kosovo

Background: to investigate the recovery of pathogenic bacteria, fungi and parasites isolated from ear, nose and throat specimens in large population group in a secondary health care institution. Methods: retrospective study, results of all microbiologic cultures submitted from the outpatient clinic of a large, secondary health care practice, for the time period January 2001 until December 2005 were identified from a microbiologic specimen database. The results from these cultures were entered into a database, tabulating site from which the culture was taken, from whom the material was sent and the type of organism recovered. Results: from a total of 17 362 specimens, 88% results in the normal bacterial flora. Remaining 12% were pathological bacterial, fungal and parasite flora: 1218 from ear specimens, 376 from nose and 474 from throat specimens. In 40% of cases material was sent by primary health care provider, in 52% of cases material was taken during systematic screening and only in about 8% the material was sent from an ENT specialist. the most frequent pathogens isolated from ear specimens are Staphylococcus saprophiticus and aureus, 24.6 and 17.7%, followed by Pseudomonas auriginosa in 13.2%; from nose specimens the most often isolated pathogenic bacteria is Staphylococcus aureus in 52.4%, Streptococcus spp. in 16% and Branhamella in 13% of nose specimens. From the throat specimens Staphylococcus aureus in 48.7%, Enterococcus in 13.3%, Streptococcus â-haemolyticus gr. A in 11.8% and Streptococcus â-haemolyticus gr. B in 8.4% of cases. Conclusions: Staphylococcus spp, Pseudomonas, Escherichia and Streptococcus spp. are leading pathogens from ear, nose and throat specimens, so further investigation on appropriate antibiotics use and bacterial resistance will be welcome. Keywords: microbiology flora, pathogenic bacteria and fungi, ear and nose and throat specimens Nigerian Journal of Medicine Vol. 17 (3) 2008: pp. 275-27

Stratégies d\'attaques de jeunes plants d\'Hévéa (Hevea brasiliensis Muell.) par les termites et effet comparés de deux insecticides utilisés pour leur protection en basse Côte-d\'Ivoire.

Deux espèces champignonnistes et souterraines de termites Ancistrotermes guineensis (Sjöstedt) et Microtermes subhyalinus (Smeathman) sont responsables des attaques et pertes des hévéas sur la parcelle étudiée. Les stratégies d\'attaques sont caractéristiques à chacune de ces deux espèces de termites et touchent en premier les plants défectueux. Les attaques débutent 10 jours après la mise en champ des stumps et ne sont pas agrégatives. Les pertes sont plus importantes (96%) au cours de la première année. Sur les deux traitements testés et comparés selon le rapport coût/efficacité, le chlorpyrifos-éthyl, le plus coûteux (de 50 à 300 FCFA/Hévéa) s\'avère efficace à long terme et agit plus particulièrement sur le termite M. subhyalinus (Wasmann). Le paradichlorobenzène, bien que peu coûteux (6 FCFA/ Hévéa) n\'a pas, ici, prouvé son efficacité.Two species of fungus-growing and subterranean termites Ancistrotermes guineensis (Sjöstedt) and Microtermes subhyalinus (Smeathman) are responsible for attacks and losses of hevea trees on the plot study. The strategies of the attacks are specific to these two species of termites and affect deficient plants. Attacks start 10 days after planting of stumps and are not aggregated. Losses are higher (96%) during the first year. Out of the two treatments tested and compared according to the cost/efficiency ratio, the more expensive chlorpyrifos-ethyl (CFA, 50 - 300 /hevea) is more efficient in the long term and provides better protection against the termite M. subhyalinus (Wasmann). Paradichlorobenzene, although not too expensive (CFA 6 /hevea) did not prove its efficiency. Keywords: Hevea brasiliensis, termites, attaques, pertes, traitements, Côte-d'Ivoire./Hevea brasiliensis, termites, attacks, losses, treatments, Côte-d'Ivoire.Sciences & Nature Vol. 4 (1) 2007: pp.45-5