Evaluation of in vitro Antimicrobial, Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Potential of Alyssum homalocarpum and Green Synthesis of the Silver Nanoparticles

In the present work synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Alyssum homalocarpum (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Boiss. extract has been considered. The methanolic extract of A. homalocarpum was concentrated and analyzed using Gas Chromatogra. Also silver nanoparticles were synthesized by the bio-reduction of silver nitrate solution (1 mm) using the methanol extract. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), have been used to determine physicochemical properties of silver nanoparticles. α-Glucosidase inhibition assay, α-amylase inhibition activity, and IC50 test have been performed and the results reported. Folin- Ciocalteu reagent and aluminium chloride colorimetric methods have been used to estimate total phenolic and flavonoid content of the extract. Six bacteria and four fungi were used to measure antimicrobial of extract. 9,12,15-Octadecatrien-1-ol, n-Hexadecanoic acid, 2-Pyrazoline, 2,4-Decadienal, and 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid as most important compounds have been determined. The extract showed strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (18.01 µg/mL) and also DPPH radical scavenging (IC50: 64 μg/mL). The maximum antibacterial activity was investigated against Salmonella typhi (30.9 mm)

In vivo screening antifungal activity of methanolic extract of Protoparmeliopsis muralis against Aspergillus flavus

Background & Objective: Lichens are the result of the symbiosis of fungi and algae or a cyanobacterium. Various biological activities of some lichen and their components such as: antifungal, anti-bacterial, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antiprotozoal substances are known. In the present study, antifungal activity of methanolic extract of Protoparmeliopsis muralis against Aspergillus flavus is investigated on rats. Materials & Methods: 500 g of Protoparmeliopsis muralis was collected from KaneGonbad mountains in Ilam province, the methanol extract was prepared by soxhle. In order to determine the antifungal activity in in vivo conditions, a wound was created and infected with Aspergillus flavus. Having infected the wound, the researchers divided the rats into 4 subgroups: negative control group, treated with Kotrimoksazol, %5 ointment extract methanolic P. muralis, and with %10 ointment extract methanolic P. muralis. Treatment continued until complete healing of the wound. Finally, the percentage of wound healing was calculated. Results: The result of the present study demonstrated that methanolic extract of P. muralis decreased the area of wound in the treatment group compared to the control group. Conclusion: The antifungal and antioxidant activity of the extract of Protoparmeliopsis muralis accelerated the wound healing process