Association of c.*49T>C and c.-932 G>A Polymorphisms of CYBA Gene with Coronary Artery Disease: a Case-Control Study in Kashan Population

Background: The CYBA (Cytochrome B-245 Alpha Chain; p22phox) gene encodes an essential subunit of NADH/NADPH-oxidase This enzyme expressed in smooth muscle cells of arterieswhich produces the active oxygen species. On the other hand oxidative stress has a significant role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this study was to investigate the association of rs7195830 (c.*49T>C) and rs9932581 (c.-930G>A) polymorphisms in CYBA gene with coronary artery disease in an Iranian population. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, citrated blood samples were obtained from 180 subjects including 85 patient with CAD and 95 healthy people. The fragments containing rs7195830 and rs9932581 of CYBA gene from extracted genome were amplified by polymerase chain reaction. Then the genotype of samples was detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Genetic association analysis was assessed by logistic regression test. Results: Data analysis of c.-930G>A polymorphism revealed a significant association between AA genotype and risk of CAD (OR: 2.71, 95%CI: 1.04-7.06, p= 0.041). Also, allelic analysis revealed that there was a significant association between A allele and CAD risk (OR: 1.65, 95%CI: 1.05-2.57, p=0.029), while there was no significant association between c.*49T>C polymorphism and risk of CAD. Conclusion: Findings showed that, the c.-930G>A polymorphism may have some role in the susceptibility to CAD. which it can consider as a potential biomarker in further researches

The Effect of Ascorbic Acid on Expression of Bax and Bcl-2 and In Vitro Maturation of Mouse Preantral Follicles Isolated from Vitrified and Non-vitrified Ovaries

Background: Background: This study was designed to investigate the effect of ascorbic acid on expression of Bax and Bcl-2 and maturation of mouse prenatal follicles isolated from vitrified and non-vitrified ovaries. Methods: In this study one ovary from each forty female mouse was vitrified. Preantral follicles were mechanically isolated from vitrified and non- vitrified ovaries and cultured in α-MEM in vitro for 10 days in four groups non-vitrified and non-ascorbic acid (NVNA), non-vitrified and ascorbic acid (NVA), vitrified and non-ascorbic acid (VNA), vitrified and ascorbic acid (VA). Expression of Bax and Bcl-2, survival rate, diameter of follicle and number of antral follicles were compared in four groups. Results: In all groups, the diameter of preantral follicles was increased during in vitro culture. The mean diameter of follicles on day 2 of culture in NVNA, NVA, VNA, and VA groups were 158.5±7.2, 161.9±9.6, 151.7±6.4, and 156.9±7.6 respectively and at day 4 of culture were 213.1±11.8, 218±8.5, 202.9±6.2, and 215.9±9.2 respectively. There were significant differences between the mean diameter of follicles in non-vitrified groups and VNA group at day 2 and 4 of culture (p=0.011 and p=0.001 respectively). The addition of ascorbic acid increased follicular diameter on day 4 of culture in vitrified group (p=0.001). The level of Bax mRNA in NVA group was significantly lower than that other groups (p=o.oo1). Conclusion: Although the addition of ascorbic acid to the media had no effect on growth, survival rate and antrum formation of follicles in vitro, but this reduced the level of the Bax proapoptotic gene in non-vitrified group and improved the growth of preantral follicles after ovarian vitrification

Survivin polymorphisms and susceptibility to prostate cancer

Survivin is a member of the apoptosis inhibitor protein family and its polymorphisms may lead to susceptibility to cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association of c.-31G>C (rs9904341), c.454G>A (rs2071214), c.*148T>C (rs2239680) and c.*571T>C (rs1042489) polymorphisms of survivin gene with prostate cancer risk and provide some justification using in silico analysis. The 157 men with prostate cancer and 145 healthy controls were included in a case-control study. The studied polymorphisms were genotyped using PCRRFLP method. An in silico approach was employed to show the possible effects of the polymorphisms on the survivin gene function. The study revealed that there are significant associations between c.-31CC genotype (OR= 2.29, 95 % CI= 1.20-4.37, p= 0.012), c.-31C allele (OR= 1.62, 95 % CI= 1.17-2.26, p= 0.004), c.454AG genotype (OR= 2.03, 95 % CI= 1.02-4.04, p= 0.043), and c.*148C allele (OR= 1.49, 95 % CI= 1.04-2.15, p= 0.031) with prostate cancer. Using stratified analysis, we found also significant effects of age distribution on the association of c.-31G>C with prostate cancer risk (OR= 2.10, 95 % CI= 1.08-4.10, p= 0.030). Also as a preliminary study, it was shown that smoking status has significant effects on the association of c.-31G>C (OR= 1.94, 95 % CI= 1.08- 3.49, p= 0.027) and c.*148T>C (OR= 2.60, 95 % CI= 1.47-4.60, p= 0.001) polymorphisms with prostate cancer risk. Finally, in silico analysis revealed that c.-31G>C, which is located in a CpG island of the promoter may change transcriptional regulation of survivin gene and c.454G>A and *148T>C could affect protein structure and possible miRNA interaction with 3'-UTR of survivin transcript respectively. According to the results, c.-31G>C, c.454G>A, and c.*148T>C polymorphisms could be genetic risk factors for prostate cancer in an Iranian population. However, further studies with larger sample size and different ethnicities are required to obtain more comprehensive results