RESPONSE OF CUMIN PLANT TO SOME ORGANIC, BIOFERTILIZATION AND ANTIOXIDANT TREATMENTS I. VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND FRUITS YIELD

The effect of farmyard manure (FYM) at 10, 15 and 20 m3/fed E.M. and/or vitamin E or vit. B1 treatments on vegetative growth (plant height, number of branches/plant and dry weight of herb/plant), yield (number of umbels/plant, fruit yield/plant and /fed) of cumin plant were investigated during 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 at Samalot region (El-Byaho village) - Minia Governorate and Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, Fac. of Agric., Minia Univ. All treatments of FYM statistically increased vegetative growth characters and fruit yield as compared with control. The high level of FYM was the most effective in this concern. The treatments of E.M. + vit. B1 followed by E.M. + vit. E, then mineral NPK (full dose) were the best results in increasing all the previous traits. Supplying cumin plants with FYM at 20 m3/fed in combination with E.M. + vitamins (B1 or E) or FYM at 15 m3/fed plus E.M. + vit. B1 resulted overall the highest values of the previous traits

RESPONSE OF CUMIN PLANT TO SOME ORGANIC, BIOFERTILIZATION AND ANTIOXIDANT TREATMENTS II. ESSENTIAL OIL PRODUCTION AND CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS

The effect of farmyard manure (FYM) at 10, 15 and 20 m3/fed. Effective microorganisms (E.M.) and/or vitamin E or vit. B1 treatments on oil production (essential oil % and essential oil yield/plant and /fed) and chemical components (photosynthetic pigments content and NPK %) were investigated during 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 at Samalot region (El-Byaho village) - Minia Governorate and Laboratory of ornamental plants, Fac. of Agric., Minia Univ. All treatments of FYM statistically increased oil production as well as chemical components as compared with control. The high level of FYM was more effective in this concern. The treatments of E.M. + vit. B1 followed by E.M. + vit. E, then mineral NPK (full dose) gave the best results in increasing all previous traits. Supplying cumin plants with FYM at 20 m3/fed. in combination with E.M. + vitamins (B1 or E) or FYM at 15 m3/fed. plus E.M. + vit. B1 resulted overall the highest values of the previous traits

Anticancer effects of punicalagin and 5-fluorouracil on laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: an <i>in vitro</i> study

The purpose of this study was to assess the apoptotic effects of punicalagin alone and in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (Hep-2) cell line. Hep-2 cells were cultured and divided into four groups: Group 1 received no therapy and served as control, Group 2 received 5-FU only, Group 3 received punicalagin only, and Group 4 received a combination of 5-FU and punicalagin. After 48 hours of incubation, cellular changes were examined under an inverted microscope. The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay, caspase-3 gene level, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level were assessed. The control group showed the highest mean value of cancer cell proliferation rate (1.595±0.58), followed by the punicalagin group (1.263±0.447), then the 5-FU group (0.827±0.256), while the combination group showed the lowest proliferation rate (0.253±0.111). The combination group showed the highest mean value of caspase-3 concentration (3.177±0.736), followed by the 5-FU group (1.830±0.646), and punicalagin group (0.741±0.302), while the control group showed the lowest mean value (0.359±0.117). Regarding VEGF levels, the control group had a statistically significant higher mean value, followed by the punicalagin and 5-FU groups, and finally, the combination group which showed the lowest value. Punicalagin exerts an anticancer effect through anti-proliferative action and induction of apoptosis on Hep-2 cell line. Combining punicalagin with 5-FU potentiates its anti-proliferative, apoptotic, and anti-angiogenic actions. It, further, helps in mitigating the putative side effects of 5-FU by reducing the dose required for its therapeutic effects

Role of Lithology and Subsurface structures detected by potential field data in controlling the radioactive mineral accumulation at Natash area, Eastern Desert, Egypt

La zona de Wadi Natash se encuentra en la parte sur del desierto del este de Egipto. Tiene una gran importancia, ya que cuenta con gran acumulación de minerales radiactivos, como uranio, torio y potasio. En esta zona se llevó a cabo un estudio de potencial integrado, con el objetivo de localizar a profundidades factibles cuerpos con susceptibilidad magnética suficiente para representar intrusiones magmáticas relacionadas con la radiactividad del lugar y delinear las estructuras del subsuelo que afectan la zona. Tanto los datos magnéticos y de Bouguer como los datos radiométricos se interpretaron rápidamente por la posición de la fuente y las profundidades. Lo anterior fue factible al utilizar la deconvolución de Euler y de Werner, además de técnicas de modelado en 3D. Los resultados deducidos del análisis de tendencias muestran que la tendencia de la falla principal que afecta a la zona tiene una dirección de NNW-SSE (Mar Rojo-Golfo hacia Suez) y atraviesa por el menos predominante NNE-SSW (El Golfo de Aqaba-dirección Mar Muerto) y por WnW-ese (sistema de falla Najd). Los organismos causantes fueron fotografiados a profundidades que van de 0,3 kilómetros hasta 1,5 km. Las profundidades a lo largo de las discontinuidades se deben a la presencia de la falla NNW-SSE y actúan como canales de paso para las soluciones hidrotermales. Puede afirmarse que las acumulaciones de minerales radiactivos fueron causadas por las soluciones hidrotermales ricas en minerales radiactivos como resultado de la intrusión volcánica Natash a las rocas graníticas. Los clásticos Qouseir y la piedra de la arena Nudian se vieron afectados por estas soluciones y muestran una respuesta positiva de los minerales radiactivos. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7169(14)71507-

Bat Oasis Historical Archaeology Project: Interim Report on 2014 Field Season

This paper presents the results of the first field season carried out in the abandoned mud brick structures of the Bat Oasis in Oman. Drawing on planning, building analysis, excavation and ethnographic interviews, this project is exploring the recent and contemporary past of the mud brick village which was occupied up until the 1970s. The vast majority of the rural population of Oman lived in mud brick villages and the Bat Oasis provides an excellent opportunity to understand more about the ways in which vernacular architecture shaped social structures, and the reverse. Excavation and oral histories provide historical context for this understanding, and can also help inform heritage plans for the site

Networked spaces

The 34 articles published in this volume form the proceedings of the 9th Red Sea conference held at Lyon in July 2019, whose core topic was the “spatiality of networks in the Red Sea”, including the western Indian Ocean. In the networked space that the Erythra Thalassa never ceased to be, stable factors such as landscape, climate, and wind patterns have been constantly entangled with more dynamic elements, such as human activity. The contributors to this volume explored how the former were integrated into the countless networks formed by humans in the region, and how these were impacted by spatial constraints over the long course of history. This volume offers a wide range of stimulating contributions. The first articles are devoted to medieval and modern European sources on the Red Sea and its exploration, and to the networks of knowledge dissemination about the region. They are followed by papers relating to the main nodes, the ports and islands of the Red Sea. Several articles are then focusing on the agency of hinterland populations in the networks, and the relationships between the regions bordering the Red Sea and central powers that governed them, often from distant lands. Production and consumption networks are the subject of the next articles, to assess the extent and nature of exchanges and to shed light on the archaeology of circulations. The logistics of exploration, exploitation and trade in the regions bordering the Red Sea are then examined. The last series of papers focuses on regions where archaeological work started only recently: Somaliland, Tigray, and the Horn of Africa. Thanks to all the participants, whether they have exploited new data or re‑examined long-known material, the 9th edition of the “Red Sea Project” gave rise to vibrant debates, showing that the Erythra Thalassa remains an endless source of knowledge.Les 34 articles publiés dans ce volume forment les actes de la 9e édition de la « Red Sea conference » qui s’est tenue à Lyon en juillet 2019. Son thème central était la « spatialité des réseaux en mer Rouge », mais aussi dans l’océan Indien occidental. Dans l’espace connecté que l’Erythra Thalassa n’a jamais cessé d’être, des éléments stables, tels que le paysage, le climat ou le régime des vents, ont été constamment enchevêtrés avec des éléments plus dynamiques, comme l’activité humaine. Les contributeurs de ce volume ont exploré la manière dont les premiers ont été intégrés au sein des innombrables réseaux formés par les hommes dans la région, et dont ceux-ci ont été affectés par les contraintes spatiales au cours de l’histoire. Ce volume offre un riche éventail de contributions. Les premières sont consacrées aux sources européennes médiévales et modernes relatives à la mer Rouge et à son exploration, ainsi qu’aux phénomènes de diffusion des connaissances sur la région. Elles sont suivies d’études sur les nœuds principaux que sont les ports et les îles de la mer Rouge. Plusieurs contributions sont ensuite dédiées à l’agency des populations de l’arrière-pays dans les réseaux, de même qu’aux relations entre les régions bordant la mer Rouge et les pouvoirs centraux qui les ont régis, souvent depuis des contrées éloignées. Les réseaux de production et de consommation font l’objet des textes suivants. Ils évaluent l’ampleur et la nature des échanges et mettent en lumière l’archéologie des circulations. La logistique de l’exploration, de l’exploitation et du commerce dans les zones bordant la mer Rouge est ensuite examinée. La dernière série d’articles porte sur des régions où les travaux archéologiques ont commencé très récemment : Somaliland, Tigré et Corne de l’Afrique. Grâce à tous les participants, qu’ils aient exploité de nouvelles données ou réexaminé des documents connus de longue date, la 9e édition du « Red Sea Project » a donné lieu à des débats animés, témoignant que l’Erythra Thalassa demeure une source d’information inépuisable