24,498 research outputs found
A Graph-structured Dataset for Wikipedia Research
Wikipedia is a rich and invaluable source of information. Its central place
on the Web makes it a particularly interesting object of study for scientists.
Researchers from different domains used various complex datasets related to
Wikipedia to study language, social behavior, knowledge organization, and
network theory. While being a scientific treasure, the large size of the
dataset hinders pre-processing and may be a challenging obstacle for potential
new studies. This issue is particularly acute in scientific domains where
researchers may not be technically and data processing savvy. On one hand, the
size of Wikipedia dumps is large. It makes the parsing and extraction of
relevant information cumbersome. On the other hand, the API is straightforward
to use but restricted to a relatively small number of requests. The middle
ground is at the mesoscopic scale when researchers need a subset of Wikipedia
ranging from thousands to hundreds of thousands of pages but there exists no
efficient solution at this scale.
In this work, we propose an efficient data structure to make requests and
access subnetworks of Wikipedia pages and categories. We provide convenient
tools for accessing and filtering viewership statistics or "pagecounts" of
Wikipedia web pages. The dataset organization leverages principles of graph
databases that allows rapid and intuitive access to subgraphs of Wikipedia
articles and categories. The dataset and deployment guidelines are available on
the LTS2 website \url{https://lts2.epfl.ch/Datasets/Wikipedia/}
On bias in social reviews of university courses
University course ranking forums are a popular means of disseminating
information about satisfaction with the quality of course content and
instruction, especially with undergraduate students. A variety of policy
decisions by university administrators, instructional designers and teaching
staff affect how students perceive the efficacy of pedagogies employed in a
given course, in class and online. While there is a large body of research on
qualitative driving factors behind the use of academic rating sites, there is
little investigation of the (potential) implicit student bias on said forums
towards desirable course outcomes at the institution level. To that end, we
examine the connection between course outcomes (student-reported GPA) and the
overall ranking of the primary course instructor, as well as rating disparity
by nature of course outcomes, for several hundred courses taught at Virginia
Tech based on data collected from a popular academic rating forum. We also
replicate our analysis for several public universities across the US. Our
experiments indicate that there is a discernible albeit complex bias towards
course outcomes in the professor ratings registered by students.Comment: WebSci'19 Companion Proceeding
The flow of power law fluids in elastic networks and porous media
The flow of power law fluids, which include shear thinning and shear
thickening as well as Newtonian as a special case, in networks of
interconnected elastic tubes is investigated using a residual based pore scale
network modeling method with the employment of newly derived formulae. Two
relations describing the mechanical interaction between the local pressure and
local cross sectional area in distensible tubes of elastic nature are
considered in the derivation of these formulae. The model can be used to
describe shear dependent flows of mainly viscous nature. The behavior of the
proposed model is vindicated by several tests in a number of special and
limiting cases where the results can be verified quantitatively or
qualitatively. The model, which is the first of its kind, incorporates more
than one major non-linearity corresponding to the fluid rheology and conduit
mechanical properties, that is non-Newtonian effects and tube distensibility.
The formulation, implementation and performance indicate that the model enjoys
certain advantages over the existing models such as being exact within the
restricting assumptions on which the model is based, easy implementation, low
computational costs, reliability and smooth convergence. The proposed model can
therefore be used as an alternative to the existing Newtonian distensible
models; moreover it stretches the capabilities of the existing modeling
approaches to reach non-Newtonian rheologies.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure
The Flow of Power-Law Fluids in Axisymmetric Corrugated Tubes
In this article we present an analytical method for deriving the relationship
between the pressure drop and flow rate in laminar flow regimes, and apply it
to the flow of power-law fluids through axially-symmetric corrugated tubes. The
method, which is general with regards to fluid and tube shape within certain
restrictions, can also be used as a foundation for numerical integration where
analytical expressions are hard to obtain due to mathematical or practical
complexities. Five converging-diverging geometries are used as examples to
illustrate the application of this method.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figure
Life in a clinical diploma course
This paper focuses on the author’s experience of a Clinical Diploma programme. The author is a Maori woman who is in her second year of a three year post-graduate Clinical Diploma programme. The paper includes comment on the cultural focus of content, culture conflicts and areas where the programme might be improved for Maori students
Reply to "Comment on Sochi's variational method for generalised Newtonian flow" by Pritchard and Corson
In this article we challenge the claim that the previously proposed
variational method to obtain flow solutions for generalized Newtonian fluids in
circular tubes and plane slits is exact only for power law fluids. We also
defend the theoretical foundation and formalism of the method which is based on
minimizing the total stress through the application of the Euler-Lagrange
principle.Comment: 9 page
How do people with multiple long-term health conditions experience the self-management approach to health care? : a thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
The health system in New Zealand has devised approaches intended to meet the
needs of people with long-term conditions (LTCs) based on the international theories of
the Chronic Care Model (CCM) and a self-management framework (Bodenheimer,
Wagner, & Grumbach, 2002b; Lorig, 1993; Wagner, 1998). LTCs and multimorbidity
are socially patterned so often people with several LTCs are also contending with
chaotic lives as well as the implications of their Illnesses. The self-management
framework is based on the assumption that everyone has the agency or freewill to
make the daily decisions that would benefit their health and ignores the powerful effect
of social context. Because the behaviours recommended to optimise health are so
entwined with a person’s social context, LTCs are particularly sensitive to the social
determinants of health.
This multiple case study follows the complex lives of sixteen people with several
significant long-term health conditions using the theories of both Cockerham (2005,
2010, 2013b) and Link and Phelan (1995, 2010) to explore their experiences. Ongoing
contact with the patient-participants comprised two interviews, four-weekly contacts
and interviews with their primary health care clinicians. The patient-participants’ stories
reveal complex, entangled lives marked by loss, poverty and daily challenges. They
are significantly constrained by the overwhelming social contexts of their lives and
reduced to survival mode by their cumulative losses across the four domains of the
Whare Tapa Wha model. Personal agency is neither a choice nor readily achieved.
They are left too exhausted to work their way through a health system that does not
recognise their needs, empower them or compensate for their lack of energy.
The weary patient-participants in this study bear little resemblance to the idealised
expert patient of the self-management framework. Clinicians are left manoeuvring to
compassionately and pragmatically support the patient-participants as best they can
within an unhelpful system.
The findings however do surface examples of care that are valued by both patient- and
clinician-participants that sit outside the self-management approach. These valued
aspects are explored alongside the harm reduction, recovery and palliative models of
care. These all offer contributions towards an approach that would optimise the quality
of life for people with significant, multiple LTCs.
An exploration of this re-awakened approach to care is described. Care that is
constricted self-management approach could wrap around the patient and support
them to use their residual agency in a direction of their choosing. Clinicians would be
released from their current programmed response be able to more fully utilise their
clinical expertise. Clinicians and patients would have the freedom to be more pragmatic
around quality of life and the issues that matter to the individual with LTCs
- …